Overview
Leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is a zoonotic disease affecting dogs and humans, characterized by multisystem involvement including hematological, renal, and visceral manifestations. 1Diagnosis
Serological testing (e.g., ELISA, IFAT) for Leishmania antibodies 1
Histopathological examination with immunoperoxidase labeling and PCR for organism identification 1
Clinical signs such as uveitis, lymphadenopathy, anemia, and proteinuria 1Management
First-line treatment: Allopurinol and meglumine antimoniate 1
Adjunctive care: Supportive therapy addressing organ-specific dysfunction (e.g., cardiovascular support) 1Special Populations
No specific data provided for pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities in the given abstracts 1Key Recommendations
Confirm diagnosis using serological tests complemented by histopathological examination and molecular techniques (PCR) 1 (Evidence: Moderate)
Initiate treatment with allopurinol and meglumine antimonicate for confirmed cases 1 (Evidence: Weak)
Monitor for severe complications including myocarditis and vasculitis requiring intensive supportive care 1 (Evidence: Expert opinion)References
1 Torrent E, Leiva M, Segalés J, Franch J, Peña T, Cabrera B et al.. Myocarditis and generalised vasculitis associated with leishmaniosis in a dog. The Journal of small animal practice 2005. link