Overview
Anisakiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the ingestion of larvae of Anisakis simplex, typically from consuming raw or undercooked fish. It manifests in various forms, including gastric, intestinal, and rarely, extraintestinal sites such as the palatine tonsils 1.Diagnosis
Clinical presentation may include peritonsillar swelling, rash, and observation of a white foreign body in rare extraintestinal cases 1.
Pathological examination of removed foreign bodies is crucial for definitive diagnosis 1.
Serological testing using recombinant allergens like rAni s 1 can aid in diagnosing Anisakis simplex allergy but is not typically used for diagnosing anisakiasis itself 2.Management
Removal of the larva via endoscopy or surgical intervention is the primary treatment for extraintestinal manifestations 1.
Symptomatic treatment with anti-inflammatory medications (e.g., corticosteroids) may be necessary to manage inflammation and allergic reactions 1.
No specific drug dosages are provided in the abstracts; supportive care is emphasized 1.Special Populations
No specific management guidelines are provided for pregnancy, pediatrics, or elderly patients in the given abstracts 12.
Comorbidities may necessitate tailored supportive care approaches, though specific recommendations are not detailed 1.Key Recommendations
Perform pathological examination of any observed foreign bodies in suspected cases for definitive diagnosis (Evidence: Weak) 1.
Employ endoscopic or surgical removal for extraintestinal larval migration, particularly in rare sites like the tonsils (Evidence: Weak) 1.
Utilize corticosteroids for managing associated inflammation and allergic symptoms (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1.References
1 Takano K, Okuni T, Murayama K, Himi T. A Case Study of Anisakiasis in the Palatine Tonsils. Advances in oto-rhino-laryngology 2016. link
2 Ibarrola I, Arilla MC, Herrero MD, Esteban MI, Martínez A, Asturias JA. Expression of a recombinant protein immunochemically equivalent to the major Anisakis simplex allergen Ani s 1. Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology 2008. link