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Hematology84 papers

Disease caused by Haemogregarinidae

Last edited: 4/14/2026

Overview

Haemogregarinidae are protozoan parasites that cause hemogregaridosis, primarily affecting erythrocytes and potentially leading to anemia and other hematological abnormalities in various wildlife species. 3

Diagnosis

  • Key Diagnostic Criteria: Presence of Haemogregarina sp. in blood smears indicates infection. 3
  • Recommended Tests: Hematological analysis revealing abnormal erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin levels, and potential anemia. 3
  • Grading: Severity can be assessed by degree of hematological abnormalities and presence of clinical signs. 3
  • Management

  • First-Line Treatments: No specific treatments mentioned in the provided abstracts. Management likely focuses on supportive care and monitoring. 3
  • Adjunctive Measures: Addressing underlying conditions and maintaining optimal nutritional status to support recovery. 12
  • Special Populations

  • Wildlife vs Captive Animals: Wild populations (e.g., Central American river turtles) show higher prevalence of Haemogregarina sp. compared to captive individuals, suggesting environmental factors play a role. 3
  • Age Variations: Hematological parameters vary by age in some species, but specific management differences for age groups are not detailed. 2
  • Key Recommendations

  • Regular hematological monitoring is essential for early detection of Haemogregarinidae infections in wildlife populations. (Evidence: Moderate 3)
  • Environmental conditions significantly influence the prevalence of Haemogregarina sp., warranting consideration in management strategies. (Evidence: Moderate 3)
  • Supportive care should be prioritized in managing affected animals, focusing on nutritional support and clinical symptom alleviation. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
  • References

    1 Paterlini CA, Bó MS, Saggese MD, Biondi LM. HEMATOLOGY AND PLASMA BIOCHEMISTRY REFERENCE INTERVALS FOR FREE-LIVING ADULT CHIMANGO CARACARA (. Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians 2023. link 2 Gariglio ACRS, Boere V, Malukiewicz J, Abreu Fonseca L, Calais A, Silva IO. Hematology and blood chemistry reference values of free-ranging Callithrix geoffroyi in Urban environment in Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Journal of medical primatology 2021. link 3 Rangel-Mendoza J, Weber M, Zenteno-Ruiz CE, López-Luna MA, Barba-Macías E. Hematology and serum biochemistry comparison in wild and captive Central American river turtles (Dermatemys mawii) in Tabasco, Mexico. Research in veterinary science 2009. link 4 Muresan V, Iwanij V, Smith ZD, Jamieson JD. Purification and use of limulin: a sialic acid-specific lectin. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 1982. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      HEMATOLOGY AND PLASMA BIOCHEMISTRY REFERENCE INTERVALS FOR FREE-LIVING ADULT CHIMANGO CARACARA (Paterlini CA, Bó MS, Saggese MD, Biondi LM Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians (2023)
    2. [2]
      Hematology and blood chemistry reference values of free-ranging Callithrix geoffroyi in Urban environment in Espírito Santo state, Brazil.Gariglio ACRS, Boere V, Malukiewicz J, Abreu Fonseca L, Calais A, Silva IO Journal of medical primatology (2021)
    3. [3]
      Hematology and serum biochemistry comparison in wild and captive Central American river turtles (Dermatemys mawii) in Tabasco, Mexico.Rangel-Mendoza J, Weber M, Zenteno-Ruiz CE, López-Luna MA, Barba-Macías E Research in veterinary science (2009)
    4. [4]
      Purification and use of limulin: a sialic acid-specific lectin.Muresan V, Iwanij V, Smith ZD, Jamieson JD The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society (1982)

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