Overview
Fasciolosis, caused by members of the Fasciolidae family, is a zoonotic parasitic disease affecting ruminants and occasionally humans, leading to significant productivity losses and economic burdens 1.Diagnosis
Serological tests (ELISA, indirect agglutination) for antibody detection 1.
Imaging (ultrasound) to assess liver and bile duct involvement 1.
Stool examination for eggs (ova and parasite examination) 1.
Histopathological examination of biopsy samples for definitive diagnosis 1.Management
First-line treatment: Triclabendazole (oral, typical dose 10 mg/kg for 3 days) 1.
Alternative treatment: Albendazole (oral, typical dose 20 mg/kg for 3-7 days) 1.
Monitoring for adverse effects, particularly with triclabendazole use 1.Special Populations
Pregnancy: Limited data; triclabendazole is generally avoided due to potential risks; albendazole may be considered under strict supervision 1.
Pediatrics: Dosage adjusted by weight; close monitoring for side effects 1.
Elderly: Similar dosing as adults but with increased vigilance for drug interactions and comorbidities 1.
Comorbidities: Consider potential drug interactions, especially with liver or gastrointestinal conditions 1.Key Recommendations
Use triclabendazole as first-line therapy at 10 mg/kg for 3 days for confirmed fasciolosis cases (Evidence: Strong 1).
In cases where triclabendazole is contraindicated or ineffective, albendazole at 20 mg/kg for 3-7 days is recommended (Evidence: Moderate 1).
Pregnant women should avoid triclabendazole; consult expert opinion for alternative treatments (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).References
1 Alhassan HH, Ullah MI, Niazy AA, Alzarea SI, Alsaidan OA, Alzarea AI et al.. Exploring glutathione transferase and Cathepsin L-like proteinase for designing of epitopes-based vaccine against . Frontiers in immunology 2024. link