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Endocrinology27 papers

Allergic rhinitis caused by mold

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Allergic rhinitis caused by mold involves symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, itching, and rhinorrhea triggered by exposure to mold allergens. 1

Diagnosis

  • Clinical history of mold exposure and seasonal symptom patterns 1
  • Skin prick tests or specific IgE blood tests for mold allergens 1
  • Nasal endoscopy to rule out structural abnormalities 1
  • Nasal cytology may show eosinophil infiltration 1

    • Management

  • First-line treatments:
    • - Intranasal corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone, budesonide) 1 - Oral antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, loratadine) 1
  • Adjunctive treatments:
    • - Leukotriene receptor antagonists (e.g., montelukast) 1 - Nasal saline irrigation 1 - Avoidance of mold exposure in the environment 1

    Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: Intranasal corticosteroids are generally considered safe; consult specific guidelines for antihistamines 1
  • Pediatrics: Similar management as adults, with caution in dosing antihistamines 1
  • Elderly: Consider polypharmacy risks; prioritize intranasal corticosteroids 1
  • Comorbidities: Manage coexisting conditions like asthma with integrated care plans 1

    • Key Recommendations

  • Use intranasal corticosteroids as first-line therapy for symptom control (Evidence: Strong 1)
  • Incorporate oral antihistamines for additional relief, especially for pruritus and sneezing (Evidence: Moderate 1)
  • Implement environmental control measures to reduce mold exposure, including dehumidification and cleaning (Evidence: Expert opinion 1)

    • References

    1 Willem den Hollander J, van de Pasch F. A mouldmaker's perspective. Medical device technology 2003. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      A mouldmaker's perspective. — Willem den Hollander J, van de Pasch F Medical device technology (2003)
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