Overview
Sport-related concussion is a growing health concern, with public focus on its incidence and potential long-term consequences 2.Diagnosis
In cases of suspected concussion, the athlete must be immediately removed from sport and not allowed to return to activity until assessed by a medical practitioner 2.
First aid principles, including protection of the cervical spine, apply in the management of athletes with suspected concussion 2.
Community members can use available tools to identify key symptoms and signs that raise suspicion of concussion 2.
Medical professionals should use the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) alongside clinical assessment for diagnosis 2.
Clinical assessment for concussion includes mechanism of injury, symptoms and signs, cognitive functioning, and neurological assessment (including balance testing) 2.Management
A diagnosis of concussion necessitates immediate physical and cognitive rest 2.
This initial rest period should be followed by a structured, graduated return to physical activity 2.Special Populations
Children may be more prone to concussion and typically require a longer recovery period 2.
Children require a specific, graduated return to physical activity after concussion 2.Key Recommendations
In any situation where concussion is suspected, the athlete must be immediately removed from sport and not be allowed to return to activity until they have been assessed by a medical practitioner 2. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
Medical professionals should use the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) in conjunction with clinical assessment for the diagnosis of concussion 2. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
A diagnosis of concussion requires immediate physical and cognitive rest, followed by a structured, graduated return to physical activity 2. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
Children require a specific, graduated return to physical activity after concussion 2. (Evidence: Expert opinion)References
1 Rossaint R, Afshari A, Bouillon B, Cerny V, Cimpoesu D, Curry N et al.. The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: sixth edition. Critical care (London, England) 2023. link
2 Elkington LJ, Hughes DC. Australian Institute of Sport and Australian Medical Association position statement on concussion in sport. The Medical journal of Australia 2017. link