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Critical Care4989 papers

Burn of oropharynx

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Oropharyngeal burns are thermal injuries affecting the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, often resulting from ingestion of caustic substances or thermal exposure. These injuries can lead to significant morbidity, including airway compromise, dysphagia, and systemic complications such as sepsis.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Symptoms include pain, dysphagia, odynophagia, and potential airway obstruction.
  • Endoscopy: Essential for visualizing the extent of mucosal damage and guiding management 8.
  • Laboratory Tests: Blood tests to assess for systemic inflammation and sepsis markers 1.
  • Imaging: Rarely needed unless there is suspicion of deeper tissue injury or complications 24.
  • Management

  • Airway Management: Immediate assessment and intervention if airway compromise is present 8.
  • Fluid Resuscitation: Follow burn resuscitation guidelines for fluid management 13.
  • Antibiotics: Prophylactic or therapeutic based on risk of infection 4.
  • Pain Control: Use of opioids and non-opioid analgesics; consider regional analgesia if indicated 723.
  • Nutritional Support: Early enteral feeding to maintain nutrition and gut barrier function 7.
  • Monitoring for Complications: Regular assessment for signs of sepsis, respiratory failure, and deep vein thrombosis 315.
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Frequent need for sedation during wound care with careful monitoring of respiratory function 2223.
  • Elderly: Higher risk of comorbidities affecting outcomes; tailored fluid and nutritional management required 19.
  • Comorbidities: Presence of chronic kidney disease or cardiovascular disease impacts survival rates and requires specialized care 19.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Immediate Airway Assessment and Intervention if oropharyngeal burns suggest airway compromise 8.
  • Adhere to Burn Resuscitation Guidelines for fluid management to prevent complications 13 (Evidence: Strong).
  • Prophylactic Antibiotics should be considered based on risk factors for infection 4 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Optimize Pain Management with multimodal analgesia to reduce opioid reliance 723 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Early Enteral Nutrition to support gut integrity and overall recovery 7 (Evidence: Strong).
  • Regular Monitoring for Complications including sepsis and thromboembolic events 315 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 414 indexed papers.

    1 Su H, Yuan B, Liu Y, Xi W, Qiao L. Discriminative power of organ-specific SOFA assessment in burn sepsis: A temporal biomarker analysis. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2026. link 2 Shenkoya B, Yellepeddi V, Prazak AMB, Gopalakrishnan M. A real-world data-driven approach to optimizing enoxaparin dosing in burn patients. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2026. link 3 Sheahan G, Singer Y, Xu S, Kay C, Walker H, Bortz H et al.. Burn-Specific Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis: A 2-Year Quality Improvement Project. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2026. link 4 Borges N, Rapol S, Decker I, De Bus L, Depuydt P, Monstrey S et al.. Identifying risk and protective factors for burn wound infection: A retrospective study. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2026. link 5 Sukhoplyasova M, Burns K, Alsharif MN, Hamner JW, Deng H, Schneider JC et al.. Potential Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Burn Survivors: A Pilot Study. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2026. link 6 Fortich S, Wen JJ, Dejesus JE, Radhakrishnan GL, Radhakrishnan RS. Circulating Factors Induce Cardiomyopathy after Burn Injury. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 2026. link 7 Kohler AD, Mueller SW, Kukreja N, Vogler TO, Balstad B, Endorf FW et al.. Safety of Maintaining Nutrition Through Moderate Sedation for Burn Wound Care. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2025. link 8 Hang H, Yiran W, Hongfei J, Man H, Chunmao H. Experience of multidisciplinary cooperation in treating 15 extensively burned casualties:The Zhejiang LNG tanker explosion on 13 June 2020. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2025. link 9 Bonilla-González C, Uribe-Londoño J, Moreno-Lopez S, Contreras ML, Sanmiguel A, Vargas-Muñoz S et al.. Intravenous lidocaine: A transformative approach to reducing opioid use in pediatric burn patients in developing countries. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2025. link 10 Vanderwyk K, Young S, Louie E, Wong K, La Force J, Alexander M et al.. Cholecalciferol and Ergocalciferol Replacement in Critically Injured Burn Patients: An Observational Cohort Study. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2025. link 11 Harhaus L, Ziegenthaler H, Neubauer H, Klimitz FJ, Strupat M, Ripper S et al.. A prospective multicenter non-inferiority trial to evaluate a new burn rehabilitation program based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2025. link 12 Khan S, Ul Islam Z, Dure Najaf Rizvi S. Epidemiology of elderly burn patients in the United States: Mortality patterns and risk factors revealed by CDC WONDER database. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2025. link 13 Cartotto R, Johnson LS, Savetamal A, Greenhalgh D, Kubasiak JC, Pham TN et al.. American Burn Association Clinical Practice Guidelines on Burn Shock Resuscitation. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2024. link 14 Adhikari S, Gurung R, Bastakoti S, Alrasheedy AA, Kc B. Burn pain management in a female patient with severe burn injuries in Nepal: a case study and review. Pain management 2024. link 15 Chen Y, Guo JH, Chen YJ, Huang Y, Zhang C, Zhang Q et al.. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 reduces early mortality post severe burn injury via alleviating endotoxemia, oxidative stress and inflammation. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2024. link 16 Silverstein ML, Karanas Y, Sheckter CC. Burns Resulting From Electric Vehicle Manufacturing in Silicon Valley. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2024. link 17 Chen J, Wang Y. Characteristics and risk factors for electrical burn injuries: a study based on World Health Organization Global Burn Registry. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2024. link 18 Berecki-Gisolf J, Wah W, Walker-Bone K. Occupational injuries caused by fire and smoke in Victoria, Australia, 2003-2021: a descriptive study. Occupational and environmental medicine 2024. link 19 Resch A, Neumueller A, Christ A, Staud C, Hacker S. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease reduce survival rates after burn injury: A retrospective study over 20 years. Surgery 2024. link 20 Johnson BZ, O'Halloran E, Stevenson AW, Wood FM, Fear MW, Linden MD. Non-severe burn injury causes sustained platelet hyperreactivity. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2024. link 21 Abdelmotaal AM, Abdelsalam AM, Bakry SAD, Abdel Hafiez RH, Mabrouk AR. Effect of Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus 5% albumin solution on intra-abdominal pressure in severe burn patients: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2024. link 22 Lu Y, Peng C, Xie L, Wu Y, Gu L, Li S. Nasal drip of dexmedetomidine for optimal sedation during PICC insertion in pediatric burn care. Medicine 2023. link 23 Hubara E, Berzon B, E Nellis M, Ram R, Kassif Lerner R, Alfandary Many Y et al.. Safety of pediatric sedation and analgesia during burn dressing changes by pediatric residents. Paediatric anaesthesia 2023. link 24 Campbell BA, Rozycki GF, Haut ER, Fang R, Hultman CS. The Impact of Flame Burn Injuries on Patients Who Sustain Mild Injuries From Motor Vehicle Crashes. The American surgeon 2023. link 25 Echalier EL, Larochelle RD, Patnaik JL, Echalier BR, Wagner A, Hink EM et al.. Orbital Compartment Syndrome in Severe Burns: Predictive Factors, Timing, and Complications of Intervention. Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery 2023. link 26 Grünherz L, Michienzi R, Schaller C, Rittirsch D, Uyulmaz S, Kim BS et al.. Enzymatic debridement for circumferential deep burns: the role of surgical escharotomy. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2023. link 27 Paratz JD, Warren J, Paratz E, Watt K, Corte-Real V, Muller MJ et al.. Cardiovascular mortality post burn injury. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery 2023. link 28 Buckley CT, Smith RR, Velamuri SR, Hill DM. A Comprehensive, Retrospective Analysis of Variables for Potential Mortality Impact in Patients With Thermal or Inhalation Injury. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2023. link 29 Nweze K, Hart-Pinto A, Philip L, Mortimer K, Whitehead KA, Shokrollahi K. Recommendations for Influenza Vaccination in Burns Patients Based on a Systematic Review of the Evidence. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2022. link 30 Sharma D, Jain S, Mishra AK, Sharma R, Tanwar A. Medicinal Herbs from Phytoinformatics: An Aid for Skin Burn Management. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology 2022. link 31 Polychronopoulou E, Kuo YF, Wilkes D, Raji MA. Prescribing of Gabapentinoids with or without opioids after burn injury in the US, 2012-2018. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2022. link 32 Garner KM, Zavala S, Pape KO, Walroth T, Reger M, Thomas W et al.. A multicenter study analyzing the association of vitamin D deficiency and replacement with infectious outcomes in patients with burn injuries. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2022. link 33 Wood KA, Ellingford JM, Thomas HB, Douzgou S, Beaman GM, Hobson E et al.. Expanding the genotypic spectrum of TXNL4A variants in Burn-McKeown syndrome. Clinical genetics 2022. link 34 Strang SG, Breederveld RS, Cleffken BI, Verhofstad MHJ, Van Waes OJF, Van Lieshout EMM. Prevalence of intra-abdominal hypertension and markers for associated complications among severe burn patients: a multicenter prospective cohort study (BURNIAH study). European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society 2022. link 35 Li N, Chen H, Jiang T, Liu T, Yuan B, Yuan Z et al.. Thrombosis and infections of peripherally inserted central catheters in burn patients: A 3-year retrospective study and a systematic review. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2022. link 36 Wang B, Hu L, Chen Y, Zhu B, Kong W, Zhu Z et al.. Aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase (De Ritis ratio) predicts survival in major burn patients. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2022. link 37 Strong B, Spoors C, Richardson N, Martin N, Barnes D, El-Muttardi N et al.. Abdominal compartment syndrome in burns patients: Introduction of an evidence-based management guideline and algorithm. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery 2021. link 38 Ahmed OZ, Clay CE, Spiliopoulos K, Taylormoore J, Karwoski BA, Burd RS. Periocular Facial Scald Burns in Children: Is Ophthalmology Consultation Necessary?. Pediatric emergency care 2021. link 39 Pereshein AV, Kuznetsova SV, Shevantaeva ON. On the Nonspecific Resistance in Burn Injury: Pathophysiological Aspects (Review). Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine 2021. link 40 Burmeister DM, Smith SL, Muthumalaiappan K, Hill DM, Moffatt LT, Carlson DL et al.. An Assessment of Research Priorities to Dampen the Pendulum Swing of Burn Resuscitation. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2021. link 41 Stoppe C, Hill A, Day AG, Kristof AS, Hundeshagen G, Kneser U et al.. The initial validation of a novel outcome measure in severe burns- the Persistent Organ Dysfunction +Death: Results from a multicenter evaluation. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2021. link 42 Dastagir K, Krezdorn N, Bingoel AS, Mett TR, Radtke C, Jokuszies A et al.. Application of Critical Care Scores in Severely Burned Patients. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2021. link 43 Witt CE, Stewart BT, Rivara FP, Mandell SP, Gibran NS, Pham TN et al.. Inpatient and Postdischarge Outcomes Following Inhalation Injury Among Critically Injured Burn Patients. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2021. link 44 Noormohammadi MR, Hasanpour Dehkordi A, Boroujeni LA. Comparison of the effect of prayer and ginger on the severity of pain and anxiety in inpatients with burn: Palliative care. Przeglad epidemiologiczny 2021. link 45 Kowalski G, Zawadzki M, Leppert W, Szpot P, Siczek M, Słowiński K et al.. Analgesic efficacy of sufentanil in dressings after surgical treatment of burn wounds. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2021. link 46 Dash S, Muthukumar V, Rajkumar R, Karki D. Cryogenic Refrigerant Burns: A Rare Occupational Hazard. Workplace health & safety 2021. link 47 Hohl DH, Coltro PS, Gonçalves HOC, Silva GMA, da Silveira VG, da Costa DPH et al.. Comparison Between Two Strategies of Topical Treatment in Tar Burn: A Case Report. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2021. link 48 Henry R, Ghafil C, Golden A, Berry E, Grabo D, Matsushima K et al.. A Novel Abdominal Decompression Technique to Treat Compartment Syndrome After Burn Injury. The Journal of surgical research 2021. link 49 Wen JJ, Williams TP, Cummins CB, Colvill KM, Radhakrishnan GL, Radhakrishnan RS. Effect of Mitochondrial Antioxidant (Mito-TEMPO) on Burn-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 2021. link 50 Baird A, Serio-Melvin M, Hackett M, Clover M, McDaniel M, Rowland M et al.. BurnCare tablet trainer to enhance burn injury care and treatment. BMC emergency medicine 2020. link 51 Parrish C, Haines RT, Stewart D, Szabo M, Caradec J, Ziegfeld S et al.. Assessing child quality of life impairments following pediatric burn injuries: Rasch analysis of the children's dermatology life quality index. Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation 2020. link 52 de Figueiredo TB, Utsunomiya KF, de Oliveira AMRR, Pires-Neto RC, Tanaka C. Mobilization practices for patients with burn injury in critical care. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 53 Voss JK, Lozenski J, Hansen JK, Salerno S, Lackamp A, Parks J et al.. Sedation and Analgesia for Adult Outpatient Burn Dressing Change: A Survey of American Burn Association Centers. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2020. link 54 Jeschke MG, van Baar ME, Choudhry MA, Chung KK, Gibran NS, Logsetty S. Burn injury. Nature reviews. Disease primers 2020. link 55 Fukuda S, Ihara K, Bohannon JK, Hernandez A, Patil NK, Luan L et al.. Monophosphoryl Lipid a Attenuates Multiorgan Dysfunction During Post-Burn Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pneumonia in Sheep. Shock (Augusta, Ga.) 2020. link 56 Zavala S, Larson J, O'Mahony M, Rech MA. Impact of insufficient admission vitamin D serum concentrations on sepsis incidence and clinical outcomes in patients with thermal injury. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 57 Sharaf A, Bautista M, Taylor L, Jivan S. Epidemiology of isolated adult lower limb burns over 15 years with a focus on preventable work-related injuries. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 58 Kelly DC, Rizzo J, Yun HC, Blyth DM. Microbiology and clinical characteristics of industrial oil burns. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 59 Wu CY, Lee MB, Lin CH, Kao SC, Tu CC, Chang CM. A longitudinal study on psychological reactions and resilience among young survivors of a burn disaster in Taiwan 2015-2018. Journal of advanced nursing 2020. link 60 Basaran A, Ozlu O. Inpatient Data of Occupational Burn Injuries Treated at a Tertiary Burn Center. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2020. link 61 Nurczyk K, Chrisco LP, Di Corpo M, Nizamani R, Sljivic S, Calvert CT et al.. Work-Related Burn Injuries in a Tertiary Care Burn Center, 2013 to 2018. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2020. link 62 Tian H, Wang L, Xie W, Shen C, Guo G, Liu J et al.. Epidemiology and outcome analysis of facial burns: A retrospective multicentre study 2011-2015. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 63 Kahn SA, Leonard C, Lee YG, Boatwright R, Flamm T, Woods J. A pilot survey of Southeastern firefighters: Safety practices, use of protective gear, and injury. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 64 Schneider JC, Shie VL, Espinoza LF, Shapiro GD, Lee A, Acton A et al.. Impact of Work-Related Burn Injury on Social Reintegration Outcomes: A Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2020. link 65 Stockly OR, Wolfe AE, Espinoza LF, Simko LC, Kowalske K, Carrougher GJ et al.. The impact of electrical injuries on long-term outcomes: A Burn Model System National Database study. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 66 Concannon E, Fitzgerald L, Canniff E, Birrane J, Harbison J, Shelley O. Neuroimaging provides relevant clinical information in patients with burn injuries. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 67 Kelter BM, Holavanahalli R, Suman OE, Ryan CM, Schneider JC. Recognizing the long-term sequelae of burns as a chronic medical condition. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 68 Ali MB, Warda T, Raza FZ, Laeeq T, Ali MB, Ali M et al.. Knowledge and attitudes about burn complications in medical students. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 69 Sheckter CC, Pham C, Rochlin D, Maan ZN, Karanas Y, Curtin C. The association of burn patient volume with patient safety indicators and mortality in the US. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 70 Lam NN, Duc NM, Hung NT. Influence of pre-existing medical condition and predicting value of modified Elixhauser comorbidity index on outcome of burn patients. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 71 Kaserer A, Rössler J, Slankamenac K, Arvanitakis M, Spahn DR, Giovanoli P et al.. Impact of allogeneic blood transfusions on clinical outcomes in severely burned patients. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2020. link 72 Hansen JK, Voss J, Ganatra H, Langner T, Chalise P, Stokes S et al.. Sedation and Analgesia During Pediatric Burn Dressing Change: A Survey of American Burn Association Centers. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2019. link 73 Brennan PG, Landry JK, Miles MVP, Lintner AC, McGinn KA, Kahn SA. Intravenous Ketamine as an Adjunct to Procedural Sedation During Burn Wound Care and Dressing Changes. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2019. link 74 Reid A, Ha JF. Inhalational injury and the larynx: A review. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 75 Ahmad A, Druzhyna N, Szabo C. Effect of 3-mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase Deficiency on the Development of Multiorgan Failure, Inflammation, and Wound Healing in Mice Subjected to Burn Injury. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association 2019. link 76 Lami FH, Al Naser RK. Epidemiological characteristics of burn injuries in Iraq: A burn hospital-based study. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 77 Ogura A, Tsurumi A, Que YA, Almpani M, Zheng H, Tompkins RG et al.. Associations between clinical characteristics and the development of multiple organ failure after severe burns in adult patients. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 78 Houschyar KS, Tapking C, Duscher D, Maan ZN, Sheckter CC, Rein S et al.. Optimising management of self-inflicted burns: a retrospective review. Journal of wound care 2019. link 79 Rech MA, Colon Hidalgo D, Larson J, Zavala S, Mosier M. Vitamin D in burn-injured patients. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 80 Swann JA, Matthews MR, Bay C, Foster KN. Burn injury outcome differences in Native Americans. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 81 Bailey ME, Sagiraju HKR, Mashreky SR, Alamgir H. Epidemiology and outcomes of burn injuries at a tertiary burn care center in Bangladesh. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 82 Tiryaki C, Haksal MC. Comparison of clinical findings in adult and paediatric burn victims. Nigerian journal of clinical practice 2019. link 83 Lee KS, Joo SY, Seo CH, Park JE, Lee BC. Work-related burn injuries and claims for post-traumatic stress disorder in Korea. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 84 McInnes JA, Cleland H, Tracy LM, Darton A, Wood FM, Perrett T et al.. Epidemiology of work-related burn injuries presenting to burn centres in Australia and New Zealand. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 85 Deeter L, Seaton M, Carrougher GJ, McMullen K, Mandell SP, Amtmann D et al.. Hospital-acquired complications alter quality of life in adult burn survivors: Report from a burn model system. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 2019. link 86 Alturki N, Alkahtani M, Daghistani M, Alyafi T, Khairy S, Ashi M et al.. Incidence and risk factors for deep vein thrombosis among pediatric burn patients. 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    Original source

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      Discriminative power of organ-specific SOFA assessment in burn sepsis: A temporal biomarker analysis.Su H, Yuan B, Liu Y, Xi W, Qiao L Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2026)
    2. [2]
      A real-world data-driven approach to optimizing enoxaparin dosing in burn patients.Shenkoya B, Yellepeddi V, Prazak AMB, Gopalakrishnan M British journal of clinical pharmacology (2026)
    3. [3]
      Burn-Specific Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis: A 2-Year Quality Improvement Project.Sheahan G, Singer Y, Xu S, Kay C, Walker H, Bortz H et al. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association (2026)
    4. [4]
      Identifying risk and protective factors for burn wound infection: A retrospective study.Borges N, Rapol S, Decker I, De Bus L, Depuydt P, Monstrey S et al. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2026)
    5. [5]
      Potential Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Burn Survivors: A Pilot Study.Sukhoplyasova M, Burns K, Alsharif MN, Hamner JW, Deng H, Schneider JC et al. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association (2026)
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      Circulating Factors Induce Cardiomyopathy after Burn Injury.Fortich S, Wen JJ, Dejesus JE, Radhakrishnan GL, Radhakrishnan RS Journal of the American College of Surgeons (2026)
    7. [7]
      Safety of Maintaining Nutrition Through Moderate Sedation for Burn Wound Care.Kohler AD, Mueller SW, Kukreja N, Vogler TO, Balstad B, Endorf FW et al. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association (2025)
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      Experience of multidisciplinary cooperation in treating 15 extensively burned casualties:The Zhejiang LNG tanker explosion on 13 June 2020.Hang H, Yiran W, Hongfei J, Man H, Chunmao H Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2025)
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      Intravenous lidocaine: A transformative approach to reducing opioid use in pediatric burn patients in developing countries.Bonilla-González C, Uribe-Londoño J, Moreno-Lopez S, Contreras ML, Sanmiguel A, Vargas-Muñoz S et al. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2025)
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      Cholecalciferol and Ergocalciferol Replacement in Critically Injured Burn Patients: An Observational Cohort Study.Vanderwyk K, Young S, Louie E, Wong K, La Force J, Alexander M et al. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association (2025)
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      A prospective multicenter non-inferiority trial to evaluate a new burn rehabilitation program based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).Harhaus L, Ziegenthaler H, Neubauer H, Klimitz FJ, Strupat M, Ripper S et al. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2025)
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      Epidemiology of elderly burn patients in the United States: Mortality patterns and risk factors revealed by CDC WONDER database.Khan S, Ul Islam Z, Dure Najaf Rizvi S Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2025)
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      American Burn Association Clinical Practice Guidelines on Burn Shock Resuscitation.Cartotto R, Johnson LS, Savetamal A, Greenhalgh D, Kubasiak JC, Pham TN et al. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association (2024)
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      Burn pain management in a female patient with severe burn injuries in Nepal: a case study and review.Adhikari S, Gurung R, Bastakoti S, Alrasheedy AA, Kc B Pain management (2024)
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      1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 reduces early mortality post severe burn injury via alleviating endotoxemia, oxidative stress and inflammation.Chen Y, Guo JH, Chen YJ, Huang Y, Zhang C, Zhang Q et al. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2024)
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      Occupational injuries caused by fire and smoke in Victoria, Australia, 2003-2021: a descriptive study.Berecki-Gisolf J, Wah W, Walker-Bone K Occupational and environmental medicine (2024)
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      Non-severe burn injury causes sustained platelet hyperreactivity.Johnson BZ, O'Halloran E, Stevenson AW, Wood FM, Fear MW, Linden MD Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2024)
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      Effect of Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus 5% albumin solution on intra-abdominal pressure in severe burn patients: A prospective randomized clinical trial.Abdelmotaal AM, Abdelsalam AM, Bakry SAD, Abdel Hafiez RH, Mabrouk AR Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries (2024)
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