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Anesthesiology9 papers

Persistent deciduous teeth

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Persistent deciduous teeth, also known as retained primary teeth, refer to baby teeth that fail to exfoliate naturally and remain in the mouth beyond the typical eruption timeline of permanent successors. This condition can impact dental function, occlusion, and overall oral health 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical examination to identify retained primary teeth beyond expected exfoliation age.
  • Radiographic assessment (panoramic or periapical X-rays) to confirm retention and assess root resorption 1.
  • Management

  • Behavioral Management: Implement a child-centered approach in the dental environment, emphasizing long-term welfare and shaping behaviors from initial waiting room interactions 1.
  • Surgical Extraction: Consider surgical extraction if retention causes functional issues, infection, or orthodontic complications 1.
  • Pharmacologic Support: Use of conscious sedation or local anesthesia as needed, guided by legal and ethical considerations regarding informed consent and documentation 2.
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Emphasize the development of high-level behavioral management skills by clinicians to ensure positive long-term outcomes 1.
  • Legal Considerations: Ensure informed consent processes are robust, considering evolving guidelines that may empower child patients in decision-making 2.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Prioritize a child-centered approach in managing children, focusing on long-term behavioral shaping from initial dental visits (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1.
  • Strengthen informed consent processes for behavior management techniques, aligning with contemporary legal standards and patient empowerment trends (Evidence: Expert opinion) 2.
  • Consider surgical intervention for persistent deciduous teeth when they interfere with dental function or cause complications, guided by clinical assessment (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1.
  • References

    1 Weinstein P. Child-Centred child management in a changing world. European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry 2008. link 2 Seale NS. Behavior management conference panel III report-Legal issues associated with managing children's behavior in the dental office. Pediatric dentistry 2004. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Child-Centred child management in a changing world.Weinstein P European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (2008)
    2. [2]

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