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Pediatrics628 papers

Maternal perinatal infection

Last edited: 4/17/2026

Overview

Perinatal infections in maternal health encompass infections acquired during pregnancy, childbirth, or the postpartum period, significantly impacting maternal and neonatal outcomes. These infections can lead to severe morbidity and mortality if not promptly diagnosed and managed 123112330.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Symptoms: Fever, uterine tenderness, abnormal vaginal discharge, and signs of sepsis 123.
  • Laboratory Tests: Blood cultures, urinalysis, cervical swabs for pathogens (e.g., GBS, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea), and inflammatory markers (CRP, WBC count) 11123.
  • Imaging: Ultrasound to assess for placental abnormalities or fetal distress 130.
  • Specific Tests: Amniotic fluid analysis if indicated, particularly in cases of suspected chorioamnionitis 123.
  • Management

  • Antibiotic Therapy: Initiate broad-spectrum antibiotics promptly, tailored based on culture results (e.g., ampicillin, cefazolin, metronidazole for suspected anaerobic coverage) 11123.
  • Source Control: Address any identifiable source of infection (e.g., retained placental fragments, abscesses) 123.
  • Supportive Care: Fluid resuscitation, monitoring for sepsis, and management of complications (e.g., HELLP syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation) 123.
  • Monitoring: Close observation for signs of worsening infection or maternal/fetal distress 123.
  • Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: Focus on preventing vertical transmission and ensuring timely intervention to protect both maternal and neonatal health 11123.
  • Comorbidities: Tailor management considering coexisting conditions like HIV, diabetes, or immunocompromised states, requiring adjusted antibiotic regimens and closer monitoring 123.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Prompt Antibiotic Initiation: Start broad-spectrum antibiotics immediately upon suspicion of perinatal infection to reduce morbidity and mortality (Evidence: Strong 111).
  • Cultural Sensitivity and Tailoring: Adjust antibiotic therapy based on culture and sensitivity results to optimize efficacy and minimize resistance (Evidence: Moderate 123).
  • Source Control Measures: Identify and address the source of infection to prevent persistent or recurrent infection (Evidence: Moderate 123).
  • Enhanced Monitoring: Implement rigorous monitoring for signs of sepsis and maternal/fetal complications to ensure timely intervention (Evidence: Moderate 123).
  • Strengthen Surveillance and Reporting: Improve surveillance systems to track infection rates and outcomes, informing public health strategies (Evidence: Expert opinion 11).
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 160 indexed papers.

    1 Zalud I. Shaping the future: advancing maternal-fetal medicine through educational standards and innovations. Journal of perinatal medicine 2026. link 2 Marcil LE, Mazzacco NS, Lewis Gilbert A, Mulder S, Connolly N. Maternal social health - a prerequisite to improving child health. Current opinion in pediatrics 2026. link 3 Hassan MM, Alnssyan BS, Ullah MA, Ameeq M, Kargbo A. Socio-Ecological Factors Influencing Maternal and Child Health Outcomes During Floods in South Punjab Pakistan 2025: A Mixed-Methods Approach. Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy 2026. link 4 Khanam M, Aktar M, Mahamud T, van Hal G. Reproductive health care seeking behavior in Bangladesh: A systematic literature review. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2025. link 5 Okonofua F. Where are the "rights" in SRHR?. African journal of reproductive health 2025. link 6 Aikpitanyi J. Three decades after Beijing: Progress and challenges in maternal, reproductive, and child health and rights in Africa. African journal of reproductive health 2025. link 7 Ding JJ, Vu T, Stammler S, Murray P, Epstein E, Cross SN. Moral distress among maternal-fetal medicine fellows: a national survey study. BMC medical ethics 2025. link 8 Miranda J, Bareghamyan H, Therrien MNS, Lalonde A, Steinholt M, Palestra F et al.. FIGO statement on respectful care: Addressing disrespectful maternity care. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2025. link 9 Kearney MD, O'Brien CS, Donze ML, Oumera L, Cronholm PF, Klusaritz HA et al.. Assessing Family Medicine Obstetrics Training Needs to Strengthen Maternal Health in Underserved and Rural US Communities. Journal of primary care & community health 2025. link 10 Chesnokova A, Schachter A, Clement E, Sonalkar S, Schapira M, Polite F et al.. Integrating Payor-Segregated Outpatient OBGYN Care Models: The Clinician Perspective. Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health 2025. link 11 Muzigaba M, Diaz T, Rao SR, Mbewe M, Dohlsten M, Lopez G et al.. Measuring the impact of the network for improving quality of care for maternal, newborn, and child health: methods, findings, and lessons learned. Journal of global health 2025. link 12 Watabe Y, Haque SE, Datta BK, Kashem A, Nakazawa M, Tobe RG et al.. Long-term impact of Maternal and Child Health handbook in rural Bangladesh: A post-trial follow-up study. Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society 2025. link 13 Rowley DL, Hogan VK, Abresch C. Road to Equity in Maternal and Child Health: Honoring the Past and Blazing New Paths. Maternal and child health journal 2025. link 14 Lattof SR, Strong J, Maliqi B, Yaqub N. Impact of Private Sector Delivery of Quality Care on Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Annals of global health 2025. link 15 Diongue FB, Faye A, Loucoubar C, Sougou NM, Sy I, Tall A et al.. Situational analysis of the quality of maternal, child, and adolescent health data in the health districts of Thiès, Mbour, Kédougou, and Saraya in Senegal. BMC public health 2025. link 16 Zanette M, Konstantinou G, Exley J, Jackson D, Lazzerini M. Effective coverage measurements and cascade for maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health in high-income countries: systematic review. Journal of global health 2025. link 17 Wang X, Liu Y, Yue H. Maternal and child health outcomes in BRICS countries: Analysis of MDGs and SDGs periods. African journal of reproductive health 2025. link 18 Abekah-Nkrumah G, Ottie-Boakye D, Owusu R, Ermel J, Issiaka S, Baku AAA. Process of use of evidence products by frontline maternal, newborn and child health staff at the facility level in Ghana. PloS one 2025. link 19 Acosta-Pérez E, Díaz C, Gómez-Reyes A, Vega S, Noboa Ramos C, Justinianes-Pérez R et al.. Comienzo Saludable Puerto Rico: A Community-Based Network of Care to Improve Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Outcomes. International journal of environmental research and public health 2025. link 20 Makinde OA, Okusanya BO, Ichegbo NK, Mgbachi IC, Olamijuwon E, Sule FA et al.. Resilience in maternal, newborn, and child health in low- and middle-income countries: findings from a scoping review. Reproductive health 2025. link 21 Adeniyi A, Ikemeri JE, Mũrage A, Bone JN, Chelagat S, Anusu G et al.. Effects of a gender-responsive maternal, newborn and child health program on health and economic outcomes during COVID-19 in Kenya: a mixed-methods study. International journal for equity in health 2025. link 22 Majumdar T, Keats EC, Tasic H, El Baz S, Peters DH, Safi N et al.. Setting research priorities for maternal, newborn and child health, sexual and reproductive health and nutrition in Afghanistan: an application of the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative methodology. BMJ global health 2025. link 23 Valentín-Cortés M, O'Neill MS, Rodríguez-Díaz CE, Elliott MR, Fleming PJ, Handal AJ. Converging crises and maternal and child health: colonialism, extreme weather, and COVID-19. Reproductive health 2025. link 24 Rahman M, Rabby MF, Sakib MMH, Hossain MM. Examining regional disparities in maternal and child health in Bangladesh using cluster analysis of MICS 2019 data. Scientific reports 2025. link 25 Akuze J, Otieno GP, Amare SY, Ngatia B, Wanduru P, Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F et al.. Data science and artificial intelligence for maternal, newborn and child health: scoping review and thematic analysis. BMC public health 2025. link 26 Donatien NA, Honoré WS, Herman DR, Inesse GS, Corinne FTC, de Dieu LJ. Impact of performance-based financing on maternal and child health outcomes at the subnational level in the Central African Republic. The Pan African medical journal 2025. link 27 Cantor AG, Jungbauer RM, Skelly AC, Hart EL, Jorda K, Davis-O'Reilly C et al.. Respectful Maternity Care : A Systematic Review. Annals of internal medicine 2024. link 28 Stone J, Chandrasekaran S. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Position Statement: Extending Medicaid coverage for 12 months postpartum. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 29 D'Alton M. Career Reflections: The Winding Path From County Mayo, Ireland to New York City. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 30 Meredith ME, Steimle LN, Radke SM. The implications of using maternity care deserts to measure progress in access to obstetric care: a mixed-integer optimization analysis. BMC health services research 2024. link 31 Young D, Listener L, Ruiz MFT, Chow-Horn W, Lee M, Cutknife L et al.. Ohpikihâwasowin (grounding and guiding on the path to be a healthy parent): virtual adaptation of an Elders mentoring program to support maternal and child wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC health services research 2024. link 32 Arrivillaga MR, Gold M, Rivera EP, Juárez JG. Incorporating an intersectional gender approach to improve access to maternal and child health screening services. International journal for equity in health 2024. link 33 Sklar M, Murokora D. Monitoring, evaluation, and learning: the key to building effective partnerships with government to improve maternal and child health in the Rakai and Kyotera Districts of Uganda. 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Sustaining maternal and child health programs when donor funding ends: A case study of stakeholder involvement in Indonesia. The International journal of health planning and management 2022. link 60 Mukinda FK, Van Belle S, Schneider H. Local Dynamics of Collaboration for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health: A Social Network Analysis of Healthcare Providers and Their Managers in Gert Sibande District, South Africa. International journal of health policy and management 2022. link 61 Rono J, Kamau L, Mangwana J, Waruguru J, Aluoch P, Njoroge M. A policy analysis of policies and strategic plans on Maternal, Newborn and Child Health in Ethiopia. International journal for equity in health 2022. link 62 Choudhury N, Tiwari A, Wu WJ, Bhandari V, Bhatta L, Bogati B et al.. Comparing two data collection methods to track vital events in maternal and child health via community health workers in rural Nepal. 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