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Myelopathy caused by spider venom

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Myelopathy caused by spider venom, particularly from scorpion stings, can lead to severe neurological dysfunction, often manifesting as acute spinal cord involvement and potentially multi-system organ failure.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical presentation includes autonomic dysfunction, muscle weakness, and sensory disturbances.
  • Laboratory tests may show elevated creatine kinase levels and electrolyte imbalances.
  • Imaging (MRI) can reveal spinal cord edema or compression 1.
  • Management

  • First-line treatment: Anti-scorpion venom serum (AScVS) for severe cases 1.
  • Adjunctive therapies: Alpha blockers may be used but recovery is slower compared to AScVS 1.
  • Supportive care: Monitoring and management of autonomic storm, respiratory support, and fluid/electrolyte balance adjustments.
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Specific dosing and monitoring guidelines for AScVS are not detailed in the provided abstracts 1.
  • Elderly: No specific considerations mentioned; general supportive care principles apply 1.
  • Comorbidities: Management should consider underlying conditions, with AScVS remaining a key intervention 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Administer Anti-scorpion venom serum (AScVS) as first-line treatment for severe scorpion envenomation causing myelopathy 1 (Evidence: Strong).
  • Monitor for and manage complications such as autonomic storm and multi-system organ failure alongside AScVS administration 1 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Recovery with AScVS is significantly faster compared to other modalities like alpha blockers, suggesting its preference in severe cases 1 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • References

    1 Natu VS, Murthy RK, Deodhar KP. Efficacy of species specific anti-scorpion venom serum (AScVS) against severe, serious scorpion stings (Mesobuthus tamulus concanesis Pocock)--an experience from rural hospital in western Maharashtra. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2006. link

    Original source

    1. [1]

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