Overview
Early onset of schizophrenia (before age 18 years) is associated with a higher risk of delayed diagnosis, a more severe disease course, and increased susceptibility to adverse reactions to antipsychotic drugs 1. Formal diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia are the same for children and adults 1.Diagnosis
Thorough differentiation from uni- or bipolar affective disorder, autism-spectrum disorders (ASDs), and anxiety disorder is necessary 1.
Diagnostic assessment for psychotic disorders is indicated in cases of abnormal, destructive, or aggressive behavior, or self-harm 1.Management
Pharmacological therapy is the mainstay of treatment for acute episodes and maintenance to prevent relapses 1.
Pharmacological interventions are not justified solely to reduce the risk of psychosis development 1.
Second-generation antipsychotic agents approved for early-onset schizophrenia include aripiprazole, lurasidone, and paliperidone 1.Special Populations
Early onset of schizophrenia (before age 18 years) is a special population requiring specific management considerations due to increased risks 1.Key Recommendations
Formal diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia are the same for children and adults 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
Pharmacological therapy is the mainstay of schizophrenia treatment for acute episodes and relapse prevention 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
Second-generation antipsychotic agents such as aripiprazole, lurasidone, and paliperidone are approved for the effective and safe treatment of early-onset schizophrenia 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)References
1 Janas-Kozik M, Dudek D, Heitzman J, Remberk B, Samochowiec J, Słopień A et al.. Polish Psychiatric Association diagnostic and therapeutic management guidelines for patients with early-onset schizophrenia. Psychiatria polska 2022. link