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Cardiology93 papers

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe respiratory illness caused by hantavirus infection, characterized by fever, myalgia, and a rapid progression to pulmonary edema without significant respiratory tract infection 1.

Diagnosis

  • Serological confirmation of hantavirus infection through specific antibody tests 12.
  • Elevated von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag) and VWF:RCo levels, indicative of endothelial dysfunction 1.
  • Thrombocytopenia often observed, potentially linked to decreased ADAMTS13 activity 1.
  • Management

  • Supportive care is paramount, including mechanical ventilation for severe respiratory distress 1.
  • No specific antiviral therapy is currently recommended based on available abstracts 1.
  • Close monitoring of coagulation parameters due to potential thrombocytopenia and altered ADAMTS13 activity 1.
  • Special Populations

  • No specific data provided in the abstracts regarding pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities 12.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Confirm diagnosis using serological tests for hantavirus antibodies (Evidence: Moderate 12).
  • Monitor and manage thrombocytopenia and coagulation abnormalities, considering decreased ADAMTS13 activity (Evidence: Weak 1).
  • Provide intensive supportive care, particularly mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • References

    1 Laine O, Mäkelä S, Mustonen J, Helminen M, Vaheri A, Lassila R et al.. Platelet ligands and ADAMTS13 during Puumala hantavirus infection and associated thrombocytopenia. Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis : an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis 2011. link 2 Walker E, Boyd AJ, Kudesia G, Pinkerton IW. A Scottish case of nephropathy due to Hantaan virus infection. The Journal of infection 1985. link91038-2)

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Platelet ligands and ADAMTS13 during Puumala hantavirus infection and associated thrombocytopenia.Laine O, Mäkelä S, Mustonen J, Helminen M, Vaheri A, Lassila R et al. Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis : an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis (2011)
    2. [2]
      A Scottish case of nephropathy due to Hantaan virus infection.Walker E, Boyd AJ, Kudesia G, Pinkerton IW The Journal of infection (1985)

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