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Urology104 papers

Healed pyelonephritis

Last edited: 4/13/2026

Overview

Healed pyelonephritis refers to the resolution of an infection that has affected the renal parenchyma, typically requiring comprehensive follow-up to ensure no recurrence or complications such as chronic kidney disease or hypertension. 29 30

Diagnosis

Clinical history of pyelonephritis with resolution of acute symptoms.

Imaging studies (ultrasound, CT scan) to confirm absence of structural abnormalities or abscesses. 29

Renal function tests (serum creatinine, estimated GFR) to monitor for chronic kidney damage. 30

Urinalysis to ensure no persistent infection or signs of chronic inflammation. 29

Management

Regular follow-up with renal function monitoring every 3-6 months initially. 29

Management of underlying causes (e.g., urinary tract obstruction, recurrent UTIs). 30

Blood pressure control to prevent hypertension-related kidney damage. 30

Lifestyle modifications including hydration and dietary adjustments as needed. 30

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Close monitoring of growth and renal function due to developing kidneys. 30

Elderly: Increased vigilance for medication interactions and comorbidities affecting renal health. 30

Comorbidities: Special attention to managing coexisting conditions like diabetes or cardiovascular disease that impact renal outcomes. 30

Key Recommendations

Conduct regular renal function tests (every 3-6 months initially) to monitor for chronic kidney damage post-healed pyelonephritis. (Evidence: Moderate 29 30)

Address and manage underlying causes of pyelonephritis to prevent recurrence. (Evidence: Moderate 30)

Implement blood pressure control strategies to mitigate hypertension-related kidney complications. (Evidence: Moderate 30)

References

1 Gentili G, Paesano N, Barreto M, Castillo G, Mierzwa T, Hernández Méndez A et al.. Current landscape of surgical training and simulation in urology: A multinational study of residency programs in the American Confederation of Urology. Actas urologicas espanolas 2026. link 2 Touma NJ, Patel R, Skinner T, Leveridge M. Artificial Intelligence as a Discriminator of Competence in Urological Training: Are We There?. The Journal of urology 2025. link 3 Kaya C, Aydin ME, Gezmiş CT, Kalkanli A, Ortaç M, Kadioğlu A. The missing element in urology training: operative dictation skills. BMC medical education 2025. link 4 Moran GW, Lee JA, Margolin EJ, Schwartz B, Gorroochurn P, Badalato GM et al.. An Inter-Residency Robotic Surgery Simulation Tournament Using a Novel Gamified Dry Lab Curriculum for Urology Trainees. Urology 2025. link 5 Lockhart K, Canagasingham A, Zhong W, Ashrafi D, March B, Cole-Clark D et al.. Can ChatGPT pass the urology fellowship examination? Artificial intelligence capability in surgical training assessment. BJU international 2025. link 6 Bouvette MJ, Lee B, Bradley N. Robotic simulation in urology training: implementation, curricula, and barriers across U.S. residency programs. Journal of robotic surgery 2025. link 7 Dwyer K, Koch GE. Unlocking Peer Review: Elevating Scholarly Writing and Research Competence in Urology Residency. Current urology reports 2024. link 8 Henning GM, Findlay BL, Cohen TD, Potretzke AM, Kohler TS, Helo S et al.. The Film Room: Using Artificial Intelligence to Facilitate Video Review for Urology Trainees. Journal of surgical education 2024. link 9 Knudsen JE, Ma R, Hung AJ. Simulation training in urology. Current opinion in urology 2024. link 10 Manalo TA, Mott NM, Gonzalez VE, Nehler MR, Jaiswal K, Thurmon KL et al.. A Novel Urology Preliminary Residency Curriculum Within a Department of Surgery for Unmatched Applicants. Journal of surgical education 2024. link 11 Strausser SA, Mansfield K, Zheng A, Bhanja D, Hoskins M, Piper M et al.. Urology Match: Important Factors Women Consider When Choosing a Residency Training Program. Urology 2024. link 12 Kifle AT, Nedjim SA, Dieudonne ZOJ, Gebreselassie KH, Biyouma MDC, Aboutaieb R et al.. Urology Training in sub-Saharan Africa: A Survey of Training Directors. Ethiopian journal of health sciences 2024. link 13 Cole-Clark D, Rashid P. Costs and challenges of the curriculum vitae for SET Urology training positions: a qualitative analysis. ANZ journal of surgery 2024. link 14 Houston Thompson R, Lohse CM, Leibovich BC, Gettman MT, Husmann DA, Viers BR. Predictors of Excellent Urology Residents at the Time of the Urology Match. Urology 2024. link 15 Alvarez-Suarez A, Shain S, Rodriguez-Alvarez JS, Munoz-Lopez C, Miranda AF, Hudak SJ et al.. Exploring Recent Changes to the New Urology Residency Match. Urology practice 2024. link 16 Frankiewicz M, Vetterlein MW, Matuszewski M. VR, reconstructive urology and the future of surgery education. Nature reviews. Urology 2023. link 17 Napolitano L, Maggi M, Sampogna G, Bianco M, Campetella M, Carilli M et al.. A survey on preferences, attitudes, and perspectives of Italian urology trainees: implications of the novel national residency matching program. Minerva urology and nephrology 2023. link 18 Lamba SR, Seideman CA, Patel ND, Dobbs RW. Understanding Options for the Unmatched Urology Applicant. Current urology reports 2023. link 19 Nguyen AT, Anjaria DJ, Sadeghi-Nejad H. Advancing Urology Resident Surgical Autonomy. Current urology reports 2023. link 20 Chytas D, Gyftopoulos K. Use of Thiel-embalmed cadavers in urology training and their ability to retain real-life anatomy: a systematic review. ANZ journal of surgery 2023. link 21 Browne C, Crone L, O'Connor E. How Do We Learn About Error? A Cross-Sectional Study of Urology Trainees. Journal of surgical education 2023. link 22 Sheng M, Chu A, Catic A, Hartsell L, Mehta A. Needs and Experiences of United States Female Urology Residents. Urology 2023. link 23 Pears M, Rochester M, Wadhwa K, Payne SR, Konstantinidis S, Hanchanale V et al.. A Pilot Study Evaluating a Virtual Reality-Based Nontechnical Skills Training Application for Urology Trainees: Usability, Acceptability, and Impact. Journal of surgical education 2023. link 24 Heard JR, Jeune KR, Masterson JM, Castaneda PR, Winer AG, Freedman AL. The value of residency program characteristics changes throughout urology training. The Canadian journal of urology 2023. link 25 Jiang YG, Colaco M, Hu XP, Atala A, Zhang XD, Zhang JH et al.. Comparison of urology residency training between the United States and China. Actas urologicas espanolas 2022. link 26 Faber LS, Jurado M, Bennett-Perez R, Alba FM. Scholarly Activity and Research Training in Urology Residency Programs: Assessment of Current Practice and Barriers. Urology 2022. link 27 Owens-Walton J, Cooley KAL, Herbert AS, Kaba A, Matthew-Onabanjo AN, Moghalu O et al.. Solutions: Bridging the Diversity Gap in Urology Trainees. Urology 2022. link 28 Sebel LE, Katz EG, MacLachlan LS. A SWOT Analysis of Urology Residency. Current urology reports 2021. link 29 Nethala D, Martin C, Griffiths L, Mikhail D, Wang D, Kozel Z et al.. Feasibility and Utility of Mobile Applications for the Evaluation of Urology Residents' Surgical Competence. Urology 2021. link 30 Balayah Z, Khadjesari Z, Keohane A, To W, Green JSA, Sevdalis N. National implementation of a pragmatic quality improvement skills curriculum for urology residents in the UK: Application and results of 'theory-of-change' methodology. American journal of surgery 2021. link 31 Cannon S, Sorensen MD, Joyner B. Program Directors' Perspectives of ACGME Requirements and Effectiveness of Training Urology Residents: A National Survey in the Era of the Next Accreditation System. Urology 2021. link 32 Tabakin AL, Dave PJ, Srivastava A, Polotti CF, Sterling JA, Elsamra SE. The Feasibility and Efficacy of a Multi-Institutional Urology Boot Camp for Incoming Urology Residents. Urology 2021. link 33 MacDonald SM, Raman JD. Widely Variable Parental Leave Practices for Urology Residency Programs in the United States. Urology 2021. link 34 Sen V, Eren H, Kazaz IO, Goger YE, Izol V, Tarhan H et al.. Easily accessible, up-to-date and standardised training model in Urology: E-Learning Residency training programme (ERTP). International journal of clinical practice 2021. link 35 Dubin JM, Greer AB, Patel P, Carrion DM, Paesano N, Kettache RH et al.. Global Survey of the Roles and Attitudes Toward Social Media Platforms Amongst Urology Trainees. Urology 2021. link 36 Karani R, Tapiero S, Jefferson FA, Vernez S, Xie L, Larson KN et al.. Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Surgical Skills of Urology Resident Applicants: Four-Year Experience. Journal of surgical education 2021. link 37 Tzelves L, Glykas I, Lazarou L, Zabaftis C, Fragkoulis C, Leventi A et al.. Urology residency training in Greece. Results from the first national resident survey. Actas urologicas espanolas 2021. link 38 Sundelin MO, Silva JDC, Daele AV, Savopoulos V, Pirola GM, Ranasinghe S et al.. Urology simulation boot camp: A perspective from non-UK delegates. Actas urologicas espanolas 2021. link 39 Persaud S, Douglas L, Aiken W, Morrison B, Goetz L. Home grown: the development and structure of urological training in the Caribbean. Tropical doctor 2020. link 40 Xu AJ, Drain AE, Gonzalez AN, Kanofsky JA. The New PGY-1 Year: Lessons Learned. Current urology reports 2020. link 41 Ziemba JB, Tessier CD, Harris AM. Patient safety education and perceptions of safety culture in American and Canadian urological residency training programs. The Canadian journal of urology 2020. link 42 Bortnick E, Stock J, Simma-Chiang V. Mentorship in Urology Residency Programs in the United States. Urology 2020. link 43 Carrion DM, Rodriguez-Socarrás ME, Mantica G, Esperto F, Cebulla A, Duijvesz D et al.. Current status of urology surgical training in Europe: an ESRU-ESU-ESUT collaborative study. World journal of urology 2020. link 44 Pallari E, Khadjesari Z, Biyani CS, Jain S, Hodgson D, Green JSA et al.. Pilot implementation and evaluation of a national quality improvement taught curriculum for urology residents: Lessons from the United Kingdom. American journal of surgery 2020. link 45 Malhotra NR, Lee YJ, Millar MM, Cartwright PC, Smith BK. Experiences With Quality Improvement in Training: A National Survey of Urology Residents. Urology 2020. link 46 Rodríguez Socarrás M, Ciappara M, García Sanz M, Pesquera L, Carrión DM, Tortolero L et al.. Current status of young urologists and residents' activity and academic training in Spain. National survey results. Actas urologicas espanolas 2019. link 47 Pallari E, Khadjesari Z, Green JSA, Sevdalis N. Development and implementation of a national quality improvement skills curriculum for urology residents in the United Kingdom: A prospective multi-method, multi-center study. American journal of surgery 2019. link 48 Tatar İ, Huri E, Selçuk İ, Moon YL, Paoluzzi A, Skolarikos A. Review of the effect of 3D medical printing and virtual reality on urology training with ‘MedTRain3DModsim’ Erasmus + European Union Project. Turkish journal of medical sciences 2019. link 49 Kailavasan M, Hanchanale V, Rajpal S, Morley R, Mcllhenny C, Somani B et al.. A Method to Evaluate Trainee Progression During Simulation Training at the Urology Simulation Boot Camp (USBC) Course. Journal of surgical education 2019. link 50 Young M, Kailavasan M, Taylor J, Cornford P, Colquhoun A, Rochester M et al.. The Success and Evolution of a Urological "Boot Camp" for Newly Appointed UK Urology Registrars: Incorporating Simulation, Nontechnical Skills and Assessment. Journal of surgical education 2019. link 51 Sarikaya S. Needs, realities and expectations for urology training: Questionaire-based study. Archivos espanoles de urologia 2018. link 52 Naouar S, Binous MY, Braiek S, El Kamel R. Training of Tunisian future urologists: how to improve it ?. La Tunisie medicale 2018. link 53 Pirpiris A, Chung ASJ, Rashid P. From humble beginnings … the evolution of the FRACS (Urology). ANZ journal of surgery 2017. link 54 Thompson RH, Lohse CM, Husmann DA, Leibovich BC, Gettman MT. Predictors of a Successful Urology Resident Using Medical Student Application Materials. Urology 2017. link 55 Rashid P. A qualitative perspectival review of the Australian and New Zealand Urology Education and Training program. BJU international 2017. link 56 Rodríguez-Socarrás ME, Gómez Rivas J, García-Sanz M, Pesquera L, Tortolero-Blanco L, Ciappara M et al.. Medical-surgical activity and the current state of training of urology residents in Spain: Results of a national survey. Actas urologicas espanolas 2017. link 57 Lee JY, Andonian S, Pace KT, Grober E. Basic Laparoscopic Skills Assessment Study: Validation and Standard Setting among Canadian Urology Trainees. The Journal of urology 2017. link 58 Chow AK, Sherer BA, Yura E, Kielb S, Kocjancic E, Eggener S et al.. Urology Residents' Experience and Attitude Toward Surgical Simulation: Presenting our 4-Year Experience With a Multi-institutional, Multi-modality Simulation Model. Urology 2017. link 59 Clements MB, Morrison KY, Schenkman NS. Evaluation of Laparoscopic Curricula in American Urology Residency Training: A 5-Year Update. Journal of endourology 2016. link 60 Rashid P, Gianduzzo TR. Urology technical and non-technical skills development: the emerging role of simulation. BJU international 2016. link 61 Hay D, Khan MS, Van Poppel H, Van Cleynenbreugel B, Peabody J, Guru K et al.. Current status and effectiveness of mentorship programmes in urology: a systematic review. BJU international 2015. link 62 Safir IJ, Shrewsberry AB, Issa IM, Ogan K, Ritenour CW, Sullivan J et al.. Impact of remote monitoring and supervision on resident training using new ACGME milestone criteria. The Canadian journal of urology 2015. link 63 Finkelstein JB, Van Batavia JP, Rosoff JS. The Difference a Year Can Make: Academic Productivity of Residents in 5 vs 6-Year Urology Programs. Urology 2015. link 64 Binsaleh S, Babaeer A, Rabah D, Madbouly K. Evaluation of urology residents' perception of surgical theater educational environment. Journal of surgical education 2015. link 65 Peyton CC, Badlani GH. Dedicated research time in urology residency: current status. Urology 2014. link 66 Brinkman WM, Tjiam IM, Schout BM, Muijtjens AM, Van Cleynenbreugel B, Koldewijn EL et al.. Results of the European Basic Laparoscopic Urological Skills examination. European urology 2014. link 67 Grewal SG, Yeung LS, Brandes SB. Predictors of success in a urology residency program. Journal of surgical education 2013. link 68 Tjiam IM, Persoon MC, Hendrikx AJ, Muijtjens AM, Witjes JA, Scherpbier AJ. Program for laparoscopic urologic skills: a newly developed and validated educational program. Urology 2012. link 69 Forster JA, Browning AJ, Paul AB, Biyani CS. Surgical simulators in urological training--views of UK Training Programme Directors. BJU international 2012. link 70 Arora S, Lamb B, Undre S, Kneebone R, Darzi A, Sevdalis N. Framework for incorporating simulation into urology training. BJU international 2011. link 71 Grills R, Lawrentschuk N, Corcoran NM. Lessons learned: end-user assessment of a skills laboratory based training programme for urology trainees. BJU international 2011. link 72 Ehdaie B, Tracy C, Reynolds C, Cung B, Thomas K, Floyd T et al.. Evaluation of laparoscopic curricula in American urology residency training. Journal of endourology 2011. link 73 Marley CS, Lerner LB, Panagopoulos G, Kavaler E. Personal, professional and financial satisfaction among American women urologists. International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology 2011. link 74 Mitchell RE, Clark PE, Scarpero HM. Assessing the surgical skills of urology residents after preurology general surgery training: the surgical skills learning needs of new urology residents. Journal of surgical education 2011. link 75 Ahmed K, Amer T, Challacombe B, Jaye P, Dasgupta P, Khan MS. How to develop a simulation programme in urology. BJU international 2011. link 76 Greiman A, Schaeffer A, Kielb S. Northwestern University pilot urology residency curriculum: impact of flexible training and residency electives on educational outcomes. The Journal of urology 2011. link 77 Nosnik IP, Friedmann P, Nagler HM, Dinlenc CZ. Resume fraud: unverifiable publications of urology training program applicants. The Journal of urology 2010. link 78 Hellenthal NJ, Ramírez ML, Yap SA, Kurzrock EA. Manuscript publication by urology residents and predictive factors. The Journal of urology 2009. link 79 Rodríguez-Covarrubias F, Erikson S, Petrolekas A, Negrete-Pulido O, Keskin S, Rouprêt M et al.. Comparison of the self-reported training level between Mexican and Western Europe residents in urology: results of an international survey. Medical teacher 2009. link 80 Kroeze SG, Mayer EK, Chopra S, Aggarwal R, Darzi A, Patel A. Assessment of laparoscopic suturing skills of urology residents: a pan-European study. European urology 2009. link 81 Vemulakonda VM, Sorensen MD, Joyner BD. The current state of diversity and multicultural training in urology residency programs. The Journal of urology 2008. link 82 McDougall EM, Watters TJ, Clayman RV. 4-year curriculum for urology residency training. The Journal of urology 2007. link 83 Le CQ, Lightner DJ, VanderLei L, Segura JW, Gettman MT. The current role of medical simulation in american urological residency training programs: an assessment by program directors. The Journal of urology 2007. link 84 Ballario R, Rubilotta E. Training and general and financial conditions of European residents in urology: an international survey. European urology 2004. link 85 Miller DC, Montie JE, Faerber GJ. Evaluating the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education core clinical competencies: techniques and feasibility in a urology training program. The Journal of urology 2003. link 86 Pearce I, Royle J, O'Flynn K, Payne S. The record of in-training assessments (RITAs) in urology: an evaluation of trainee perceptions. 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Original source

[1]
Current landscape of surgical training and simulation in urology: A multinational study of residency programs in the American Confederation of Urology. — Gentili G, Paesano N, Barreto M, Castillo G, Mierzwa T, Hernández Méndez A et al. Actas urologicas espanolas (2026)
[2]
Artificial Intelligence as a Discriminator of Competence in Urological Training: Are We There? — Touma NJ, Patel R, Skinner T, Leveridge M The Journal of urology (2025)
[3]
The missing element in urology training: operative dictation skills. — Kaya C, Aydin ME, Gezmiş CT, Kalkanli A, Ortaç M, Kadioğlu A BMC medical education (2025)
[4]
An Inter-Residency Robotic Surgery Simulation Tournament Using a Novel Gamified Dry Lab Curriculum for Urology Trainees. — Moran GW, Lee JA, Margolin EJ, Schwartz B, Gorroochurn P, Badalato GM et al. Urology (2025)
[5]
Can ChatGPT pass the urology fellowship examination? Artificial intelligence capability in surgical training assessment. — Lockhart K, Canagasingham A, Zhong W, Ashrafi D, March B, Cole-Clark D et al. BJU international (2025)
[6]
Robotic simulation in urology training: implementation, curricula, and barriers across U.S. residency programs. — Bouvette MJ, Lee B, Bradley N Journal of robotic surgery (2025)
[7]
Unlocking Peer Review: Elevating Scholarly Writing and Research Competence in Urology Residency. — Dwyer K, Koch GE Current urology reports (2024)
[8]
The Film Room: Using Artificial Intelligence to Facilitate Video Review for Urology Trainees. — Henning GM, Findlay BL, Cohen TD, Potretzke AM, Kohler TS, Helo S et al. Journal of surgical education (2024)
[9]
Simulation training in urology. — Knudsen JE, Ma R, Hung AJ Current opinion in urology (2024)
[10]
A Novel Urology Preliminary Residency Curriculum Within a Department of Surgery for Unmatched Applicants. — Manalo TA, Mott NM, Gonzalez VE, Nehler MR, Jaiswal K, Thurmon KL et al. Journal of surgical education (2024)
[11]
Urology Match: Important Factors Women Consider When Choosing a Residency Training Program. — Strausser SA, Mansfield K, Zheng A, Bhanja D, Hoskins M, Piper M et al. Urology (2024)
[12]
Urology Training in sub-Saharan Africa: A Survey of Training Directors. — Kifle AT, Nedjim SA, Dieudonne ZOJ, Gebreselassie KH, Biyouma MDC, Aboutaieb R et al. Ethiopian journal of health sciences (2024)
[13]
Costs and challenges of the curriculum vitae for SET Urology training positions: a qualitative analysis. — Cole-Clark D, Rashid P ANZ journal of surgery (2024)
[14]
Predictors of Excellent Urology Residents at the Time of the Urology Match. — Houston Thompson R, Lohse CM, Leibovich BC, Gettman MT, Husmann DA, Viers BR Urology (2024)
[15]
Exploring Recent Changes to the New Urology Residency Match. — Alvarez-Suarez A, Shain S, Rodriguez-Alvarez JS, Munoz-Lopez C, Miranda AF, Hudak SJ et al. Urology practice (2024)
[16]
VR, reconstructive urology and the future of surgery education. — Frankiewicz M, Vetterlein MW, Matuszewski M Nature reviews. Urology (2023)
[17]
A survey on preferences, attitudes, and perspectives of Italian urology trainees: implications of the novel national residency matching program. — Napolitano L, Maggi M, Sampogna G, Bianco M, Campetella M, Carilli M et al. Minerva urology and nephrology (2023)
[18]
Understanding Options for the Unmatched Urology Applicant. — Lamba SR, Seideman CA, Patel ND, Dobbs RW Current urology reports (2023)
[19]
Advancing Urology Resident Surgical Autonomy. — Nguyen AT, Anjaria DJ, Sadeghi-Nejad H Current urology reports (2023)
[20]
Use of Thiel-embalmed cadavers in urology training and their ability to retain real-life anatomy: a systematic review. — Chytas D, Gyftopoulos K ANZ journal of surgery (2023)
[21]
How Do We Learn About Error? A Cross-Sectional Study of Urology Trainees. — Browne C, Crone L, O'Connor E Journal of surgical education (2023)
[22]
Needs and Experiences of United States Female Urology Residents. — Sheng M, Chu A, Catic A, Hartsell L, Mehta A Urology (2023)
[23]
A Pilot Study Evaluating a Virtual Reality-Based Nontechnical Skills Training Application for Urology Trainees: Usability, Acceptability, and Impact. — Pears M, Rochester M, Wadhwa K, Payne SR, Konstantinidis S, Hanchanale V et al. Journal of surgical education (2023)
[24]
The value of residency program characteristics changes throughout urology training. — Heard JR, Jeune KR, Masterson JM, Castaneda PR, Winer AG, Freedman AL The Canadian journal of urology (2023)
[25]
Comparison of urology residency training between the United States and China. — Jiang YG, Colaco M, Hu XP, Atala A, Zhang XD, Zhang JH et al. Actas urologicas espanolas (2022)
[26]
Scholarly Activity and Research Training in Urology Residency Programs: Assessment of Current Practice and Barriers. — Faber LS, Jurado M, Bennett-Perez R, Alba FM Urology (2022)
[27]
Solutions: Bridging the Diversity Gap in Urology Trainees. — Owens-Walton J, Cooley KAL, Herbert AS, Kaba A, Matthew-Onabanjo AN, Moghalu O et al. Urology (2022)
[28]
A SWOT Analysis of Urology Residency. — Sebel LE, Katz EG, MacLachlan LS Current urology reports (2021)
[29]
Feasibility and Utility of Mobile Applications for the Evaluation of Urology Residents' Surgical Competence. — Nethala D, Martin C, Griffiths L, Mikhail D, Wang D, Kozel Z et al. Urology (2021)
[30]
National implementation of a pragmatic quality improvement skills curriculum for urology residents in the UK: Application and results of 'theory-of-change' methodology. — Balayah Z, Khadjesari Z, Keohane A, To W, Green JSA, Sevdalis N American journal of surgery (2021)
[31]
Program Directors' Perspectives of ACGME Requirements and Effectiveness of Training Urology Residents: A National Survey in the Era of the Next Accreditation System. — Cannon S, Sorensen MD, Joyner B Urology (2021)
[32]
The Feasibility and Efficacy of a Multi-Institutional Urology Boot Camp for Incoming Urology Residents. — Tabakin AL, Dave PJ, Srivastava A, Polotti CF, Sterling JA, Elsamra SE Urology (2021)
[33]
Widely Variable Parental Leave Practices for Urology Residency Programs in the United States. — MacDonald SM, Raman JD Urology (2021)
[34]
Easily accessible, up-to-date and standardised training model in Urology: E-Learning Residency training programme (ERTP). — Sen V, Eren H, Kazaz IO, Goger YE, Izol V, Tarhan H et al. International journal of clinical practice (2021)
[35]
Global Survey of the Roles and Attitudes Toward Social Media Platforms Amongst Urology Trainees. — Dubin JM, Greer AB, Patel P, Carrion DM, Paesano N, Kettache RH et al. Urology (2021)
[36]
Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Surgical Skills of Urology Resident Applicants: Four-Year Experience. — Karani R, Tapiero S, Jefferson FA, Vernez S, Xie L, Larson KN et al. Journal of surgical education (2021)
[37]
Urology residency training in Greece. Results from the first national resident survey. — Tzelves L, Glykas I, Lazarou L, Zabaftis C, Fragkoulis C, Leventi A et al. Actas urologicas espanolas (2021)
[38]
Urology simulation boot camp: A perspective from non-UK delegates. — Sundelin MO, Silva JDC, Daele AV, Savopoulos V, Pirola GM, Ranasinghe S et al. Actas urologicas espanolas (2021)
[39]
Home grown: the development and structure of urological training in the Caribbean. — Persaud S, Douglas L, Aiken W, Morrison B, Goetz L Tropical doctor (2020)
[40]
The New PGY-1 Year: Lessons Learned. — Xu AJ, Drain AE, Gonzalez AN, Kanofsky JA Current urology reports (2020)
[41]
Patient safety education and perceptions of safety culture in American and Canadian urological residency training programs. — Ziemba JB, Tessier CD, Harris AM The Canadian journal of urology (2020)
[42]
Mentorship in Urology Residency Programs in the United States. — Bortnick E, Stock J, Simma-Chiang V Urology (2020)
[43]
Current status of urology surgical training in Europe: an ESRU-ESU-ESUT collaborative study. — Carrion DM, Rodriguez-Socarrás ME, Mantica G, Esperto F, Cebulla A, Duijvesz D et al. World journal of urology (2020)
[44]
Pilot implementation and evaluation of a national quality improvement taught curriculum for urology residents: Lessons from the United Kingdom. — Pallari E, Khadjesari Z, Biyani CS, Jain S, Hodgson D, Green JSA et al. American journal of surgery (2020)
[45]
Experiences With Quality Improvement in Training: A National Survey of Urology Residents. — Malhotra NR, Lee YJ, Millar MM, Cartwright PC, Smith BK Urology (2020)
[46]
Current status of young urologists and residents' activity and academic training in Spain. National survey results. — Rodríguez Socarrás M, Ciappara M, García Sanz M, Pesquera L, Carrión DM, Tortolero L et al. Actas urologicas espanolas (2019)
[47]
Development and implementation of a national quality improvement skills curriculum for urology residents in the United Kingdom: A prospective multi-method, multi-center study. — Pallari E, Khadjesari Z, Green JSA, Sevdalis N American journal of surgery (2019)
[48]
Review of the effect of 3D medical printing and virtual reality on urology training with ‘MedTRain3DModsim’ Erasmus + European Union Project. — Tatar İ, Huri E, Selçuk İ, Moon YL, Paoluzzi A, Skolarikos A Turkish journal of medical sciences (2019)
[49]
A Method to Evaluate Trainee Progression During Simulation Training at the Urology Simulation Boot Camp (USBC) Course. — Kailavasan M, Hanchanale V, Rajpal S, Morley R, Mcllhenny C, Somani B et al. Journal of surgical education (2019)
[50]
The Success and Evolution of a Urological "Boot Camp" for Newly Appointed UK Urology Registrars: Incorporating Simulation, Nontechnical Skills and Assessment. — Young M, Kailavasan M, Taylor J, Cornford P, Colquhoun A, Rochester M et al. Journal of surgical education (2019)
[51]
Needs, realities and expectations for urology training: Questionaire-based study. — Sarikaya S Archivos espanoles de urologia (2018)
[52]
Training of Tunisian future urologists: how to improve it ? — Naouar S, Binous MY, Braiek S, El Kamel R La Tunisie medicale (2018)
[53]
From humble beginnings … the evolution of the FRACS (Urology). — Pirpiris A, Chung ASJ, Rashid P ANZ journal of surgery (2017)
[54]
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