Overview
Ewing sarcoma is a primary bone cancer that, along with osteosarcoma, constitutes a significant portion of bone cancers in pediatric and adolescent populations 1. While its exact pathogenesis is not fully understood, genetic mutations, rearrangements, and predisposition syndromes are likely involved 1.Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a multimodality approach including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation 1.
Genetic mutations and rearrangements are implicated in the pathogenesis 1.Management
Treatment is a multimodality approach including multiagent neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy regimens, targeted therapy options, surgery, and radiation 1.
This approach has led to higher cure rates and improved overall survival 1.Key Recommendations
A multimodality approach including multiagent neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, targeted therapy, surgery, and radiation is recommended for Ewing sarcoma 1. (Evidence: Strong)
The NCCN Guidelines for Bone Cancer provide a framework for workup, management, and surveillance of local and recurrent/metastatic disease 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)References
1 Biermann JS, Hirbe A, Ahlawat S, Bernthal NM, Binitie O, Boles S et al.. Bone Cancer, Version 2.2025, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN 2025. link