Overview
Hemolytic anemia caused by hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a rare complication characterized by the premature destruction of red blood cells under conditions of hyperoxia typically encountered during hyperbaric oxygen treatment. 1Diagnosis
Clinical presentation includes signs of anemia such as pallor, fatigue, and possibly jaundice.
Laboratory findings typically reveal hemolysis markers like elevated LDH, indirect bilirubin, and decreased haptoglobin levels.
Direct observation of red blood cell morphology and fragility tests may support the diagnosis. 1Management
Discontinue hyperbaric oxygen therapy immediately upon suspicion of hemolytic anemia.
Supportive care includes transfusion of packed red blood cells as needed to manage anemia and hemodynamic stability.
Monitoring for complications such as acute kidney injury due to hemoglobinuria is crucial. 1Special Populations
No specific details provided regarding pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities in managing hemolytic anemia caused by hyperbaric oxygen therapy. 145Key Recommendations
Suspect hemolytic anemia in patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy who present with unexplained anemia and signs of hemolysis. (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1
Cease hyperbaric oxygen therapy promptly if hemolytic anemia is suspected to prevent further red blood cell damage. (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1
Provide supportive care including blood transfusions as necessary to manage anemia and hemodynamic instability. (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1References
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2 Kirby JP. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Emergencies. Missouri medicine 2019. link
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4 Aktaş S, Toklu AS, Yildiz S, Uzun G. Development of underwater and hyperbaric medicine as a medical specialty in Turkey. Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc 2013. link
5 Gawthrope IC. Ultrasound in diving and hyperbaric medicine. Diving and hyperbaric medicine 2012. link