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Cardiology14 papers

Human echovirus infection

Last edited: 4/22/2026

Overview

Echovirus type 11 infections can present with severe manifestations, including disseminated intravascular coagulation and multi-organ necrosis, particularly in infants. Unique clinical features such as focal myositis have been observed in fatal cases beyond the neonatal period. 1

Diagnosis

  • Clinical presentation may include lethargy, vomiting, and edema.
  • Histologic examination can reveal focal myositis and diffuse hemorrhagic necrosis.
  • Laboratory findings may show signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
  • Viral culture or PCR testing is essential for confirming echovirus type 11 infection. 1

    • Management

  • Supportive care is critical, including management of coagulopathy and organ dysfunction.
  • Specific antiviral treatments are not detailed in the provided abstracts; focus on symptomatic and supportive measures.
  • Close monitoring in intensive care settings may be necessary for severe cases. 1

    • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Infants and young children are particularly vulnerable, with unique presentations like focal myositis noted in fatal cases beyond the neonatal period. 1
  • Comorbidities: No specific comorbidities are highlighted in the provided abstracts, but underlying conditions may influence severity. 1

    • Key Recommendations

  • Confirm echovirus type 11 infection through viral culture or PCR testing in suspected cases. (Evidence: Weak) 1
  • Implement intensive supportive care measures, including management of disseminated intravascular coagulation and organ failure. (Evidence: Weak) 1
  • Closely monitor pediatric patients, especially infants, for atypical presentations such as focal myositis, given the potential for severe outcomes. (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1

    • References

    1 Halfon N, Spector SA. Fatal echovirus type 11 infections. American journal of diseases of children (1960) 1981. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Fatal echovirus type 11 infections. — Halfon N, Spector SA American journal of diseases of children (1960) (1981)
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