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Developmental academic disorder — Clinical Guidelines

Overview

Developmental academic disorder (DAD) encompasses difficulties in academic achievement not fully explained by intellectual disabilities or sensory impairments, impacting educational performance and potentially long-term academic and career trajectories 11.

Diagnosis

Identification of significant discrepancies between cognitive abilities and academic performance 11.

Exclusion of other factors such as intellectual disability, sensory impairments, and socio-economic status 11.

Comprehensive neuropsychological assessments to evaluate specific academic skills 11.

Management

Individualized educational interventions tailored to specific learning difficulties 11.

Implementation of assistive technologies and accommodations in educational settings 11.

Parental and teacher training to support effective learning strategies 11.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Early identification and intervention are crucial for mitigating long-term academic impacts 11.

Elderly: Less directly addressed in abstracts; focus on lifelong learning and adaptive support strategies may be beneficial 11.

Comorbidities: Addressing coexisting conditions that may affect academic performance, such as ADHD or anxiety, alongside academic interventions 11.

Key Recommendations

Enhance early identification programs to detect developmental academic disorders in children to facilitate timely interventions (Evidence: Moderate 11).

Promote inclusive educational practices that incorporate assistive technologies and tailored learning plans to support students with DAD (Evidence: Moderate 11).

Encourage mentorship and faculty development programs aimed at educators and academic leaders to improve their capacity to support students with academic challenges (Evidence: Expert opinion 7).

References

1 Lynn MJ, Memar-Vaghri J, Virk M, Qazi SU, Ding J, Khosa F. Gender diversity in academic rank and tenure among E-ROAD medical specialties. Clinical imaging 2026. link 2 Reece EA. The Road Well Traveled: Making Choices, Ensuring Progress While Heeding the "Clarion Call". Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 3 Jones KP. Teeter-Totter or Tapestry: A Life in Academic Medicine. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 4 Moreira-Bouchard JD, Cunha J, Tao BS, Kim H, Lepson J, Nessen EJ et al.. Creating diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility statements for your CV: a resource guide to effectiveness and comprehensiveness. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2024. link 5 Rayaz H, Yedavalli V, Sair H, Sharma G, Rowan NR, Tackett S et al.. Staying Virtual: A Survey Study of the Virtual Lecture Experience in Academic Medicine. Anesthesia and analgesia 2024. link 6 Buckley PF, Sime PJ, Collins L, Eggleston N, Davenport JE. The Future of Endowed Chairs in Academic Medicine. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2022. link 7 Murphy AM, Shenot PJ, Lallas CD. Faculty Development: How Do We Encourage Faculty to Become Better Teachers and Mentors?. Current urology reports 2020. link 8 Meyer TK, Bergmark R, Zatz M, Sardesai MG, Litvack JR, Starks Acosta A. Barriers Pushed Aside: Insights on Career and Family Success from Women Leaders in Academic Otolaryngology. Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2019. link 9 Warner ET, Carapinha R, Weber GM, Hill EV, Reede JY. Considering context in academic medicine: differences in demographic and professional characteristics and in research productivity and advancement metrics across seven clinical departments. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2015. link 10 Moed BR. Mentoring: the role of a mentor and finding one. Journal of orthopaedic trauma 2012. link 11 Merchant JL, Omary MB. Underrepresentation of underrepresented minorities in academic medicine: the need to enhance the pipeline and the pipe. Gastroenterology 2010. link 12 Haskell CF, Scholey AB, Jackson PA, Elliott JM, Defeyter MA, Greer J et al.. Cognitive and mood effects in healthy children during 12 weeks' supplementation with multi-vitamin/minerals. The British journal of nutrition 2008. link 13 Bosman FT. Academic medicine: dream or nightmare?. Croatian medical journal 2004. link 14 van Assche A. Factors influencing recruitment and retention of academic staff in the European Union. Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology 1999. link 15 Lepoff RB. Academic medical centers and managed care. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine 1995. link

Developmental academic disorder