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Infectious Disease4 papers

Tuberculosis of lung, confirmed by culture only

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) confirmed solely by culture represents a definitive diagnosis of active infection. This diagnostic pathway is crucial for initiating appropriate treatment and preventing transmission.

Diagnosis

  • Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has shown promising diagnostic accuracy for PTB, with a pooled sensitivity of 83% (95% CI: 69-91%) and specificity of 99% (95% CI: 92-100%) across various sample types 1.
  • Subgroup analysis of mNGS performance:
  • * Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF): pooled sensitivity 73% (95% CI: 61-82%), specificity 98% (95% CI: 92-100%) 1. * Sputum: pooled sensitivity 60% (95% CI: 38-87%), specificity 99% (95% CI: 96-100%) 1. * Lung biopsy tissue: pooled sensitivity 71% (95% CI: 38-...) 1.

    Management

  • No specific management details are provided in the abstracts.
  • Special Populations

  • No specific information on special populations is provided in the abstracts.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) 1. (Evidence: Moderate)
  • The pooled sensitivity of mNGS for PTB is 83% and the pooled specificity is 99% 1. (Evidence: Moderate)
  • mNGS performance varies by sample type, with higher sensitivity reported for BALF and lung biopsy tissue compared to sputum 1. (Evidence: Moderate)
  • References

    1 You Y, Ni YM, Shi G. Diagnostic accuracy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic reviews 2024. link

    Original source

    1. [1]

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