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Geriatrics63 papers

Drug-induced dementia

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Drug-induced dementia refers to cognitive impairment caused by medications, particularly in elderly patients where polypharmacy and age-related changes increase susceptibility 1.

Diagnosis

  • Systematic assessment of current medication regimen 1.
  • Identification of potential drug culprits through clinical history and medication reconciliation 1.
  • Cognitive function testing (e.g., Mini-Mental State Examination) to quantify impairment 1.
  • Exclusion of other causes of dementia through neuroimaging and laboratory tests 1.

    • Management

  • Medication review by healthcare professionals (physician, pharmacist) to discontinue or adjust potentially harmful drugs 1.
  • Gradual tapering of offending medications under close monitoring 1.
  • Consideration of non-pharmacological interventions to support cognitive function 1.

    • Special Populations

  • Elderly: Increased vigilance and proactive medication reviews due to higher risk 1.
  • Comorbidities: Tailored medication management considering coexisting conditions to minimize drug interactions 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Implement systematic medication reviews in hospitalized elderly patients to reduce adverse drug events and improve outcomes (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Involvement of pharmacists or other healthcare professionals in medication review processes can enhance patient outcomes (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Gradual tapering and discontinuation of suspected drugs should be considered under close clinical supervision (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).

    • References

    1 Christensen M, Lundh A. Medication review in hospitalised patients to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2016. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Medication review in hospitalised patients to reduce morbidity and mortality. — Christensen M, Lundh A The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2016)
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