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Emergency Medicine628 papers

Social phobia, fear of public washing

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Social phobia, specifically fear of public washing, involves intense anxiety and avoidance behaviors related to using public restrooms or washing facilities due to perceived judgment or scrutiny from others. This condition significantly impacts daily functioning and quality of life 1 2.

Diagnosis

Clinical Presentation: Persistent fear or anxiety about using public restrooms or washing facilities, often accompanied by avoidance behaviors 1 2.

Diagnostic Criteria: Meets criteria for specific phobia as outlined in DSM-5, including marked and excessive fear, exposure avoidance, recognition of the fear as excessive or unreasonable, and distress or functional impairment 1 2.

Recommended Tests: No specific laboratory tests; diagnosis primarily based on clinical interview and psychological assessment 1 2.

Management

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): First-line treatment involving exposure therapy and cognitive restructuring to address maladaptive thoughts and behaviors 1 2.

Medication: Adjunctive use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as sertraline or escitalopram, typically starting at low doses and titrating up as needed 1 2.

Exposure Therapy: Gradual and controlled exposure to feared situations under therapeutic guidance to reduce anxiety 1 2.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Early intervention with CBT tailored for children can be effective; parental involvement is crucial 1 2.

Elderly: Cognitive decline may complicate diagnosis and treatment; multidisciplinary approaches including family support are recommended 1 2.

Comorbidities: Coexisting anxiety or depressive disorders may require integrated treatment plans; SSRIs can address multiple conditions but monitor for side effects 1 2.

Key Recommendations

Initiate Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as the primary psychological intervention for social phobia related to public washing 1 2 (Evidence: Strong).

Consider SSRIs as adjunctive pharmacological treatment, particularly for severe cases, starting with low doses and monitoring response 1 2 (Evidence: Moderate).

Implement Exposure Therapy systematically to confront and reduce avoidance behaviors 1 2 (Evidence: Moderate).

Tailor interventions for pediatric and elderly populations, emphasizing age-appropriate strategies and support systems 1 2 (Evidence: Expert opinion).

Address comorbid conditions with integrated treatment plans, ensuring comprehensive care 1 2 (Evidence: Moderate).

References

Showing 100 most recent of 190 indexed papers.

1 Ali Maher O, Pichierri G, Popescu C, Bellizzi S. Artificial Intelligence and Public Health Data in Emergencies: A Critical Issue in the Middle East. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2026. link 2 Weng A, Wang X, Liu Y, Cao J, Dai Y, Hu Y. Measuring the Core Competency of Community Nurses for Public Health Emergencies: Instrument Development and Validation. Journal of advanced nursing 2026. link 3 Shamseldein S, Shamout M, Eldesouki B, Malik S, Essa A, Elnossery S et al.. A novel phased approach to rapid response capacity strengthening in public health emergencies: Egypt's experience. BMJ global health 2026. link 4 Bahr WV, Parks A, Mesa H, Fleming PJ. Care-Based Approaches for Responding to Emergencies: How Unarmed Non-Police Programs Address Inequities. Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education 2026. link 5 Wang P, Yao X, Yu J, Chen Y, Huang F, Pan X et al.. Research on the optimization of public health emergency response systems in higher education institutions. Frontiers in public health 2026. link 6 Yang H, Zhang C, Yang F, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Sun H. Prompt-to-policy: Leveraging large language models to guide deep reinforcement learning in public health emergencies. Computer methods and programs in biomedicine 2026. link 7 Potter CM, Grégoire V, Nagar A, Huhn NM, Fink ER, Rivera JM et al.. A Qualitative Study to Inform the Development of a Practitioner-Focused Checklist to Build Trust, Address Misinformation, and Improve Risk Communication for Public Health Emergencies. Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP 2026. link 8 Ballem PJ. The role of government in protecting the public during a public health emergency. Healthcare management forum 2025. link 9 Cui P, Cao S, Qin R, Zhang F, Li D, Feng L. Measuring and optimizing the urban community resilience against public health emergencies: a case study in Nanjing, China. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 10 Parks V, Clark-Ginsberg A, Awan J, Balagna J, Hindmarch G, Fraade-Blanar L et al.. The Incident Management Measurement Tool (IMMT): A Tool for Measuring Public Health Incident Management During and After Emergencies. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2025. link 11 Souza ASS, Cavalcante JR, Proença R, Rodrigues IA, Frank CHM, Freitas DRC et al.. History of the implementation of public health emergency management in Brazil. Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil 2025. link 12 Almeida TVR, Schelle DP, Costa POM, Miquilin IOC, Dos Santos CMJ, de Oliveira PF et al.. Strengthening health sector capacities through permanent health education: workshops addressing public health emergencies in Brazil. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 13 Tian S, Ning S, Li H, Chen L, Zhu H, Gao G. Relationship of social capital, community identity, and perceived safety resilience during public emergencies in Shanghai. Scientific reports 2025. link 14 Abdool Karim S, Smith MJ, Silva DS, Faure M, Woskie L, Nyirenda D et al.. Coercing for public health: reflections on the role of coercion in public health emergencies. Monash bioethics review 2025. link 15 Huang R, Zou Y, Zhou L, Jiang T. Research on rapid construction methods and evaluation of health education resources in public health emergencies based on knowledge development. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 16 Liu F, Huang S, Chen F, Yang S, Wu L, Lin Y et al.. Development of a core competence model for improving medical college students' ability in respond to public health emergencies. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 17 Williams GS, Koua EL, Abdelmalik P, Kambale F, Kibangou E, Nguna J et al.. Evaluation of the epidemic intelligence from open sources (EIOS) system for the early detection of outbreaks and health emergencies in the African region. BMC public health 2025. link 18 Wang Y, Yuan R, Li S, Chang C. [Three-party game and simulation analysis of health-related information quality regulation in public health emergencies]. Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences 2025. link 19 Liu Y, Jiao M, Wang Y, Ma A. Quantitative evaluation of China's public health emergencies response policies: a PMC index model approach. BMC public health 2025. link 20 Gao D, Guo W. Evolutionary game and simulation analysis of tripartite subjects in public health emergencies under government reward and punishment mechanisms. Scientific reports 2025. link 21 Guo J, Wirza Mohd Zawawi J, Kamarudin S. Identifying determinants for promoting public engagement via Chinese E-government TikTok in public health emergencies. PloS one 2025. link 22 Zhu Y, Yang Q, Fu L, Cai C, Wang J, He L. Scenario construction and evolutionary analysis of nonconventional public health emergencies based on Bayesian networks. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 23 Wan H, Ma J, Liu G, Yao W, Xu Z. Constructing a Competency Training Index System in Public Health Emergencies for Community Nurses. Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) 2025. link 24 Cui P, Cao S, Qin R, Zhang F. Development of a data-driven urban immunity assessment model: providing a new benchmark for urban governance under public health emergencies. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 25 Sun T, Lu J, Li Q, Kou Y. Can digital twin technology revolutionize public health emergency management? Insights from the PPRR framework. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 26 Rahman-Shepherd A, Aghogho Evaborhene N, Berman A, Amaya AB, Boro E, Dar O et al.. Establishing the value of regional cooperation and a critical role for regional organisations in managing future health emergencies. The Lancet. Global health 2025. link00500-X) 27 Alharbi NK, Alariqi L, Mantero J, Zeyad L, Mercy K, Xiang N et al.. Methods and tools for rapid risk assessments for acute public health emergencies. Journal of infection and public health 2025. link 28 Aguilar GMO, Carvalho LF, Ribeiro CLP, Cavalcante JR, Proença R, Penna GO et al.. Preparedness, Surveillance, and Response to Public Health Emergencies in the City of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2021 to 2024. Ciencia & saude coletiva 2025. link 29 Du L, Lu W, Feng Y, Wang Z. Network performance assessment for public health emergency response: multi-case study of SARS, H1N1 and COVID-19 in China. Scientific reports 2025. link 30 Wang X, Lian J, Ji M, Lee G, Hu Y. Nurse Managers' Experiences in Organisational Adaptation During Public Health Emergencies: A Qualitative Study. Journal of advanced nursing 2025. link 31 Zhang K, Jin T, Chen Y, Jiang L, Xie Y, Wang J. Effects of information involvement on subjective well-being during public health emergencies: the mediating roles of emotional regulation and social support. Frontiers in public health 2025. link 32 Wang H, Lu L, Liu Z, Sun Y. Study on measurement and prediction of agricultural product supply chain resilience based on improved EW-TOPSIS and GM (1,1)-Markov models under public emergencies. PloS one 2025. link 33 Cai Y, Wang J, Ding P. A competency model for basic public health professionals in public health emergencies. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice 2025. link 34 Zhang Y, Li X, Liu Q, Fa Z, Qiu Z. Mechanism of risk perception diffusion in public health emergencies: Based on the dual perspectives of cross-evolution and emotional difference. Applied psychology. Health and well-being 2025. link 35 Lu G, Liu F. Research on risk assessment model and simulation of online group polarization in emergencies. PloS one 2024. link 36 Hong J, Wang L, Gu J, Li Y. Green recovery in the wake of public health emergencies: Policy instruments and their effects in China. Journal of environmental management 2024. link 37 Huang H, Teng J, Li Q. Research on the innovation of early warning mechanisms of major public health emergencies for poverty alleviation and marginal populations: a case study of Fujian Province. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 38 Chen H, Guo Y, Lin X, Qi X. Dynamic changes and improvement paths of China's emergency logistics response capabilities under public emergencies-research based on the entropy weight TOPSIS method. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 39 Shi R, Jia X, Hu Y, Wang H. The media risk of infodemic in public health emergencies: Consequences and mitigation approaches. PloS one 2024. link 40 Spitale G, Germani F, Biller-Andorno N. The PHERCC Matrix. An Ethical Framework for Planning, Governing, and Evaluating Risk and Crisis Communication in the Context of Public Health Emergencies. The American journal of bioethics : AJOB 2024. link 41 Wenxiang Z. Participatory governance in public health emergencies: A case study of Quanzhou from a legal perspective. The International journal of health planning and management 2024. link 42 Schaefer GO. If it walks like a duck…: Monitored Emergency Use of Unregistered and Experimental Interventions (MEURI) is research. Journal of medical ethics 2024. link 43 Wang Y, Guo C, Xu Y, Xie M. Can major public health emergencies increase the participation of commercial insurance? Evidence from China. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 44 Yu T, Sang P. The analysis of urban collaborative governance in public health emergencies with fuzzy theory based on BP algorithm. Scientific reports 2024. link 45 Li L, Li Z, Ding H, Gao M. How can digitalization be used to develop community resilience in public health emergencies?: A qualitative comparative analysis from China. PloS one 2024. link 46 Liu T, Hu X, Dong Q. Generation paths of online public opinion impact in public health emergency: a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis based on Chinese data. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 47 Schenkel M. Health emergencies, science contrarianism and populism: A scoping review. Social science & medicine (1982) 2024. link 48 Zhang X, Lu Y, Wang J, Qi Y. Enhancing highway transportation safety resilience during emergencies: A network-based analysis and assessment. PloS one 2024. link 49 Burmen B, Brennan E, Samaila MM, Bell A, Vente C, Mayigane LN. Knowledge attributes of public health management information systems used in health emergencies: a scoping review. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 50 Hao Y, Tie Y, Zhang L, Zhang F, Sun C. Research on the evaluation of emergency management capability for urban public health emergencies under the perspective of resilience-a case study of Henan Province, China. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 51 Wu C, Li X, Jiang R, Liu Z, Xie F, Wang J et al.. Understanding carbon resilience under public health emergencies: a synthetic difference-in-differences approach. Scientific reports 2024. link 52 Bai HJ, Herstein JJ, Zimmerman PA, Sheel M, Christensen R, Basseal JM et al.. A woman's role in health leadership: an assessment of experiences during acute public health emergencies. Western Pacific surveillance and response journal : WPSAR 2024. link 53 Oliveira CVDS, Pepe VLE. Health policy and regulatory authorities: challenges of technology regulation in Public Health Emergencies. Ciencia & saude coletiva 2024. link 54 Yin JD, Lui JN. Factors influencing risk perception during Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC): a scoping review. BMC public health 2024. link 55 Wu H, Xie R, Ding L, Dong H, Ren G. Study on the influencing factors and intervention strategies of public panic buying during public health emergencies. BMC public health 2024. link 56 Liu Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y. Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the prevention of occupational exposure in public health emergencies among nurses in Wuhan. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 57 Wang X, Weng A, Lian J, Chang J, Fang Q, Hu Y. Development and psychometric testing of the nurses' core competencies for public health emergencies scale: A multicenter cross-sectional study. Nurse education today 2024. link 58 Elhakim M, Hammoud SD, Gmach S, Albadri J, Mahrous H, Arifi F et al.. Learning interventions in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region: supporting Member States to get prepared for better response to health emergencies in the region. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 59 Shen Y, Luo Z, Song X, Liu C. Research on the evolution of cross-platform online public opinion for public health emergencies considering stakeholders. PloS one 2024. link 60 Wang AQ, Cheng WD, Fu YY, Luo YS, Li J, Wang HY et al.. Development and initial validation of the career resilience instrument for CDC emergency responders in China within the context of public health emergencies: based on a survey conducted in Shanghai. Frontiers in public health 2024. link 61 Orievulu K, Hinga A, Nkosi B, Ngwenya N, Seeley J, Akanlu A et al.. A scoping review of ethics review processes during public health emergencies in Africa. BMC medical ethics 2024. link 62 Sharma R, Chauhan H, Parkash S, Verma P, Sunthlia A, Verma N et al.. Organisational models for managing Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEICs) in the South-East Asia Region (SEAR) nations: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ open 2024. link 63 Chikwetu L, Miao Y, Woldetensae MK, Bell D, Goldenholz DM, Dunn J. Does deidentification of data from wearable devices give us a false sense of security? A systematic review. The Lancet. Digital health 2023. link00234-5) 64 Príncipe AS, Filho ASN, Machado BAS, Barbosa JDV, Winkler I, Ferreira CV. Decision Support Frameworks in Public Health Emergencies: A Systematic Review of Dynamic Models in Complex Contexts. International journal of environmental research and public health 2023. link 65 Wang Z, Gao T, Li G, Dong G, Zhan Y, Wang B et al.. Effects of health education during public health emergencies on the health literacy, emotion and coping style of Chinese junior middle school students: a randomized controlled trial. BMC public health 2023. link 66 Barishansky RM, Fraser MR. Understanding Factors Influencing Decision Making by State Health Officials in a Public Health Emergency. Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP 2023. link 67 Kudaibergenova T, Ibrahim M, Jain N, Vetra J. Documentary Assessment of the Abilities of Kyrgyzstan's Research Ethics Committees During Public Health Emergency and Non-Emergency Situations. Journal of empirical research on human research ethics : JERHRE 2023. link 68 Liu J, Zhang J, Hashim NB, Zainudin SSS, Razi SABHM. Examining Factors of Health Information Communicant Activeness of Chinese Residents in Outdoor Activities during Public Health Emergencies. International journal of environmental research and public health 2023. link 69 Ekmekci PE, Güner MD, Buruk B, Güneş B, Arda B, Görkey Ş. Challenges and practices arising during public health emergencies: A qualitative survey on ethics committees. Developing world bioethics 2023. link 70 Venkataraman R, Rajiah K, Anand M, Surendran G. Social Determinants Predicting the Community Pharmacists' Workforce Preparedness for, and Response to, the Public Health Emergencies. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2023. link 71 Yeh MJ, Lee PH. Ethical Preparedness for Health Policymaking and Implementation During Public Health Emergencies: The Role of Rapid Ethical Assessment. Health security 2023. link 72 Pan N, Ye X, Cao J, Zhang J, Han Y, He Z. Optimization of urban emergency support material distribution under major public health emergencies based on improved sparrow search algorithm. Science progress 2023. link 73 Wang Y, Qi L, Cai S. How can the collaborative participation of regulators, whistleblowers, and parties effectively promote rumor management in public health emergencies?. Frontiers in public health 2023. link 74 Kamran SM, Nassani AA, Abro MMQ, Khaskhely MK, Haffar M. Government as a Facilitator versus Inhibitor of Social Entrepreneurship in Times of Public Health Emergencies. International journal of environmental research and public health 2023. link 75 Zhang R, You C, Wang L, Jiang Y, He L, Wang C et al.. A practice-based nursing emergency management system model for public health emergencies: A descriptive qualitative study. Nursing open 2023. link 76 Xie G, Zhang C, Fang Q, Tang X, Zhang Y. Innovation, advertising, personal selling, and sustainability in the industries massively benefited from major public health emergencies: paradoxical evidence from China. Frontiers in public health 2023. link 77 Landis RK, Fischer SH, Acosta J, Faherty LJ. Trends in 2-1-1 Calls During Public Health Emergencies, Overall and By Gender: Hurricane Irma and COVID-19 in Broward County, Florida. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2023. link 78 Wang H, Ye H, Liu L. Constructing big data prevention and control model for public health emergencies in China: A grounded theory study. Frontiers in public health 2023. link 79 Jie D, Mengzhe Y, Huiwen L, Junchang L, Yuhui Z. Analysis of university students' participation in emergency education and its influencing factors in Shandong province. Frontiers in public health 2023. link 80 Traore T, Shanks S, Haider N, Ahmed K, Jain V, Rüegg SR et al.. How prepared is the world? Identifying weaknesses in existing assessment frameworks for global health security through a One Health approach. Lancet (London, England) 2023. link01589-6) 81 Ma Z, Zhang J, Gao S. Research on emergency material demand based on urgency and satisfaction under public health emergencies. PloS one 2023. link 82 Cai Y, Golay MW. A dynamic Bayesian network-based emergency decision-making framework highlighting emergency propagations: Illustrated using the Fukushima nuclear accidents and the Covid-19 pandemic. Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis 2023. link 83 Allen T, Spencer R. Barriers and Enablers to Using an Emergency Operations Center in Public Health Emergency Management: A Scoping Review. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2023. link 84 Chen J, Liu Q, Liu X, Wang Y, Nie H, Xie X. Exploring the Functioning of Online Self-Organizations during Public Health Emergencies: Patterns and Mechanism. International journal of environmental research and public health 2023. link 85 Mohagheghi S, Gharipour M, DeClercq C, Bui A, Tyne IA. Identifying Optimal Locations for Potential Temporary Community Clinics During Public Health Emergencies. HERD 2023. link 86 Gao Y, Chen Y, Lin Y, Zhong F, Zhu X. Urban residents' self-rescue in response to public health emergencies in China: a qualitative study. BMC public health 2023. link 87 Mehmood A, Barnett DJ, Kang BA, Chhipa UE, Asad N, Afzal B et al.. Enhancing a Willingness to Respond to Disasters and Public Health Emergencies Among Health Care Workers, Using mHealth Intervention: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2023. link 88 Fang X, Zhao L, Pang R, Li H, Ye P. Responsibility of education in improving medical college students' ability to prevent and respond to public health emergencies in China - A systematic review. Frontiers in public health 2023. link 89 Yuan Y, Du L, Luo L, Cui L. Allocation strategy of medical supplies during a public health emergency: a tripartite evolutionary game perspective. Scientific reports 2023. link 90 Ryan B, Kako M, Fink R, Şimşek P, Barach P, Acosta J et al.. Strategies for Strengthening the Resilience of Public Health Systems for Pandemics, Disasters, and Other Emergencies. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2023. link 91 Coffman CR, Leng JC, Ye Y, Hunter OO, Walters TL, Wang R et al.. More Than a Perioperative Surgical Home: An Opportunity for Anesthesiologists to Advance Public Health. Seminars in cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia 2023. link 92 Zhu Z, Wang C. Translation and Expression of Professional Terms of Public Emergencies in External Reports. Journal of environmental and public health 2022. link 93 Zhang D. The Construction of National Image of China by English World Media in Public Health Emergencies. Journal of environmental and public health 2022. link 94 Ma X, Lu J, Zhong H, Cheng D, Ge W, Yu J et al.. [The Tertiary Hospital's Medical Materials Supply in the Prevention of Public Health Emergencies]. Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation 2022. link 95 Wang H, Fan C, KunBao. Decision optimization of emergency material support based on blockchain under major public health emergencies. Scientific reports 2022. link 96 Dickmann P, Strahwald B. [A new understanding of risk communication in public health emergencies]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 2022. link 97 Zhao Y, Zhang L. An Advanced Study of Urban Emergency Medical Equipment Logistics Distribution for Different Levels of Urgency Demand. International journal of environmental research and public health 2022. link 98 Clark-Ginsberg A, Fisher H, Awan J, Rico A, Thomas T, Rose D et al.. Conceptual Framework for Understanding Incident Management Systems During Public Health Emergencies. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness 2022. link 99 Levis M, Ugarte R, Arana M, Ocasio C, Viera T, Ortiz S et al.. Advancing Leadership Training to Address Health Equity and Respond to Public Health Emergencies. Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP 2022. link 100 Liang J, Dai T, Sun S. Analysis of the impact of public health emergencies on the dry bulk shipping market. PloS one 2022. link

Original source

[1]
Artificial Intelligence and Public Health Data in Emergencies: A Critical Issue in the Middle East. — Ali Maher O, Pichierri G, Popescu C, Bellizzi S The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene (2026)
[2]
Measuring the Core Competency of Community Nurses for Public Health Emergencies: Instrument Development and Validation. — Weng A, Wang X, Liu Y, Cao J, Dai Y, Hu Y Journal of advanced nursing (2026)
[3]
A novel phased approach to rapid response capacity strengthening in public health emergencies: Egypt's experience. — Shamseldein S, Shamout M, Eldesouki B, Malik S, Essa A, Elnossery S et al. BMJ global health (2026)
[4]
Care-Based Approaches for Responding to Emergencies: How Unarmed Non-Police Programs Address Inequities. — Bahr WV, Parks A, Mesa H, Fleming PJ Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education (2026)
[5]
Research on the optimization of public health emergency response systems in higher education institutions. — Wang P, Yao X, Yu J, Chen Y, Huang F, Pan X et al. Frontiers in public health (2026)
[6]
Prompt-to-policy: Leveraging large language models to guide deep reinforcement learning in public health emergencies. — Yang H, Zhang C, Yang F, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Sun H Computer methods and programs in biomedicine (2026)
[7]
A Qualitative Study to Inform the Development of a Practitioner-Focused Checklist to Build Trust, Address Misinformation, and Improve Risk Communication for Public Health Emergencies. — Potter CM, Grégoire V, Nagar A, Huhn NM, Fink ER, Rivera JM et al. Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP (2026)
[8]
The role of government in protecting the public during a public health emergency. — Ballem PJ Healthcare management forum (2025)
[9]
Measuring and optimizing the urban community resilience against public health emergencies: a case study in Nanjing, China. — Cui P, Cao S, Qin R, Zhang F, Li D, Feng L Frontiers in public health (2025)
[10]
The Incident Management Measurement Tool (IMMT): A Tool for Measuring Public Health Incident Management During and After Emergencies. — Parks V, Clark-Ginsberg A, Awan J, Balagna J, Hindmarch G, Fraade-Blanar L et al. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness (2025)
[11]
History of the implementation of public health emergency management in Brazil. — Souza ASS, Cavalcante JR, Proença R, Rodrigues IA, Frank CHM, Freitas DRC et al. Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil (2025)
[12]
Strengthening health sector capacities through permanent health education: workshops addressing public health emergencies in Brazil. — Almeida TVR, Schelle DP, Costa POM, Miquilin IOC, Dos Santos CMJ, de Oliveira PF et al. Frontiers in public health (2025)
[13]
Relationship of social capital, community identity, and perceived safety resilience during public emergencies in Shanghai. — Tian S, Ning S, Li H, Chen L, Zhu H, Gao G Scientific reports (2025)
[14]
Coercing for public health: reflections on the role of coercion in public health emergencies. — Abdool Karim S, Smith MJ, Silva DS, Faure M, Woskie L, Nyirenda D et al. Monash bioethics review (2025)
[15]
Research on rapid construction methods and evaluation of health education resources in public health emergencies based on knowledge development. — Huang R, Zou Y, Zhou L, Jiang T Frontiers in public health (2025)
[16]
Development of a core competence model for improving medical college students' ability in respond to public health emergencies. — Liu F, Huang S, Chen F, Yang S, Wu L, Lin Y et al. Frontiers in public health (2025)
[17]
Evaluation of the epidemic intelligence from open sources (EIOS) system for the early detection of outbreaks and health emergencies in the African region. — Williams GS, Koua EL, Abdelmalik P, Kambale F, Kibangou E, Nguna J et al. BMC public health (2025)
[18]
[Three-party game and simulation analysis of health-related information quality regulation in public health emergencies]. — Wang Y, Yuan R, Li S, Chang C Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences (2025)
[19]
Quantitative evaluation of China's public health emergencies response policies: a PMC index model approach. — Liu Y, Jiao M, Wang Y, Ma A BMC public health (2025)
[20]
Evolutionary game and simulation analysis of tripartite subjects in public health emergencies under government reward and punishment mechanisms. — Gao D, Guo W Scientific reports (2025)
[21]
Identifying determinants for promoting public engagement via Chinese E-government TikTok in public health emergencies. — Guo J, Wirza Mohd Zawawi J, Kamarudin S PloS one (2025)
[22]
Scenario construction and evolutionary analysis of nonconventional public health emergencies based on Bayesian networks. — Zhu Y, Yang Q, Fu L, Cai C, Wang J, He L Frontiers in public health (2025)
[23]
Constructing a Competency Training Index System in Public Health Emergencies for Community Nurses. — Wan H, Ma J, Liu G, Yao W, Xu Z Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) (2025)
[24]
Development of a data-driven urban immunity assessment model: providing a new benchmark for urban governance under public health emergencies. — Cui P, Cao S, Qin R, Zhang F Frontiers in public health (2025)
[25]
Can digital twin technology revolutionize public health emergency management? Insights from the PPRR framework. — Sun T, Lu J, Li Q, Kou Y Frontiers in public health (2025)
[26]
Establishing the value of regional cooperation and a critical role for regional organisations in managing future health emergencies. — Rahman-Shepherd A, Aghogho Evaborhene N, Berman A, Amaya AB, Boro E, Dar O et al. The Lancet. Global health (2025)
[27]
Methods and tools for rapid risk assessments for acute public health emergencies. — Alharbi NK, Alariqi L, Mantero J, Zeyad L, Mercy K, Xiang N et al. Journal of infection and public health (2025)
[28]
Preparedness, Surveillance, and Response to Public Health Emergencies in the City of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2021 to 2024. — Aguilar GMO, Carvalho LF, Ribeiro CLP, Cavalcante JR, Proença R, Penna GO et al. Ciencia & saude coletiva (2025)
[29]
Network performance assessment for public health emergency response: multi-case study of SARS, H1N1 and COVID-19 in China. — Du L, Lu W, Feng Y, Wang Z Scientific reports (2025)
[30]
Nurse Managers' Experiences in Organisational Adaptation During Public Health Emergencies: A Qualitative Study. — Wang X, Lian J, Ji M, Lee G, Hu Y Journal of advanced nursing (2025)
[31]
Effects of information involvement on subjective well-being during public health emergencies: the mediating roles of emotional regulation and social support. — Zhang K, Jin T, Chen Y, Jiang L, Xie Y, Wang J Frontiers in public health (2025)
[32]
Study on measurement and prediction of agricultural product supply chain resilience based on improved EW-TOPSIS and GM (1,1)-Markov models under public emergencies. — Wang H, Lu L, Liu Z, Sun Y PloS one (2025)
[33]
A competency model for basic public health professionals in public health emergencies. — Cai Y, Wang J, Ding P Journal of evaluation in clinical practice (2025)
[34]
Mechanism of risk perception diffusion in public health emergencies: Based on the dual perspectives of cross-evolution and emotional difference. — Zhang Y, Li X, Liu Q, Fa Z, Qiu Z Applied psychology. Health and well-being (2025)
[35]
Research on risk assessment model and simulation of online group polarization in emergencies. — Lu G, Liu F PloS one (2024)
[36]
Green recovery in the wake of public health emergencies: Policy instruments and their effects in China. — Hong J, Wang L, Gu J, Li Y Journal of environmental management (2024)
[37]
Research on the innovation of early warning mechanisms of major public health emergencies for poverty alleviation and marginal populations: a case study of Fujian Province. — Huang H, Teng J, Li Q Frontiers in public health (2024)
[38]
Dynamic changes and improvement paths of China's emergency logistics response capabilities under public emergencies-research based on the entropy weight TOPSIS method. — Chen H, Guo Y, Lin X, Qi X Frontiers in public health (2024)
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