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Academic underachievement disorder — Clinical Guidelines

Overview

Academic underachievement disorder refers to persistent difficulties in academic performance among students, often influenced by psychological, social, and environmental factors. It encompasses issues such as low academic motivation, poor engagement, and inadequate remediation strategies 1 4 5.

Diagnosis

Key Diagnostic Criteria: Persistent low academic performance, lack of motivation, and disengagement from academic activities 4.

Recommended Tests: Psychological assessments focusing on motivation, hope for the future, and academic engagement 4.

Grading: No specific grading system mentioned; diagnosis often relies on longitudinal observation and qualitative assessments 1.

Management

First-Line Interventions: Implementing psychological interventions such as gamification to enhance intrinsic motivation 5.

Adjunctive Treatments: Enhanced peer mentoring programs to support scholarly productivity and career development 8.

Educational Strategies: Fostering hope for the future and improving student engagement through applied learning experiences 4.

Support Systems: Mentorship programs tailored for junior faculty to improve scholarly output and academic advancement 8 19.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Focus on enhancing intrinsic motivation and engagement through innovative teaching methods like gamification 5.

Elderly: Not specifically addressed in the provided abstracts.

Comorbidities: No specific interventions noted for comorbid conditions affecting academic performance.

Gender Considerations: Addressing gender-based barriers to advancement in academic settings, particularly for women in emergency medicine and surgery 6 7.

Key Recommendations

Implement Gamification Techniques to Boost Student Intrinsic Motivation (Evidence: Moderate) 5

Establish Enhanced Peer Mentoring Programs for Junior Faculty to Enhance Scholarly Productivity (Evidence: Moderate) 8

Promote Hope and Future Orientation in Adolescent Education to Improve Academic Performance (Evidence: Moderate) 4

Address Gender Disparities in Academic Advancement Through Structured Mentorship and Support Programs (Evidence: Expert opinion) 6 7

References

1 Castanelli DJ, Molloy E, Bearman M. The stigma of underperformance in assessment and remediation. Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice 2025. link 2 Dexter F, Epstein RH, Hindman BJ. Association between an anesthesia department development program for junior faculty and long-term production of publications: A longitudinal cohort study. Journal of clinical anesthesia 2024. link 3 Campos LN, Naus A, Rangel AG, Brandão GR, Faria I, Pierre TAJ et al.. Women Representation on Editorial Boards in Latin America Journals: Promoting Gender Equity in Academic Surgery, Anesthesia, and Obstetrics. World journal of surgery 2023. link 4 Kashiwabara T, Fujiwara T, Doi S, Yamaoka Y. Association between Hope for the Future and Academic Performance in Adolescents: Results from the K-CHILD Study. International journal of environmental research and public health 2022. link 5 Xu J, Lio A, Dhaliwal H, Andrei S, Balakrishnan S, Nagani U et al.. Psychological interventions of virtual gamification within academic intrinsic motivation: A systematic review. Journal of affective disorders 2021. link 6 Graham EM, Ferrel MN, Wells KM, Egan DJ, MacVane CZ, Gisondi MA et al.. Gender-based Barriers to the Advancement of Women in Academic Emergency Medicine: A Multi-Institutional Survey Study. The western journal of emergency medicine 2021. link 7 Abaza MM. Women in Academic Medicine and Leadership. Otolaryngologic clinics of North America 2021. link 8 Prendergast HM, Heinert SW, Erickson TB, Thompson TM, Vanden Hoek TL. Evaluation of an Enhanced Peer Mentoring Program on Scholarly Productivity and Promotion in Academic Emergency Medicine: A Five-Year Review. Journal of the National Medical Association 2019. link 9 Gray M, Gordon S, O'Neill M, Pearce WM. First year allied health student transition to a regional university. The Australian journal of rural health 2019. link 10 Jordan J, Coates WC, Clarke S, Runde D, Fowlkes E, Kurth J et al.. The Uphill Battle of Performing Education Scholarship: Barriers Educators and Education Researchers Face. The western journal of emergency medicine 2018. link 11 Weber KS, Bridgewater LC, Jensen JL, Breakwell DP, Nielsen BL, Johnson SM. Personal microbiome analysis improves student engagement and interest in Immunology, Molecular Biology, and Genomics undergraduate courses. PloS one 2018. link 12 Konstam MA, Hill JA, Kovacs RJ, Harrington RA, Arrighi JA, Khera A. The Academic Medical System: Reinvention to Survive the Revolution in Health Care. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2017. link 13 Chan TM, Gottlieb M, Fant AL, Messman A, Robinson DW, Cooney RR et al.. Academic Primer Series: Five Key Papers Fostering Educational Scholarship in Junior Academic Faculty. The western journal of emergency medicine 2016. link 14 Schriger DL, Kadera SP, von Elm E. Are Reviewers' Scores Influenced by Citations to Their Own Work? An Analysis of Submitted Manuscripts and Peer Reviewer Reports. Annals of emergency medicine 2016. link 15 Uno J, Walton KL. Young Investigator Perspectives. Teaching and the postdoctoral experience: impact on transition to faculty positions. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 2014. link 16 Ahn J, Achor TS. Tips for being an effective teacher. Journal of orthopaedic trauma 2014. link 17 Toledo-Pereyra LH. Fostering scholarly activities and encouraging publications. Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research 2012. link 18 Rowe N, Ilic D. Poster presentation - a visual medium for academic and scientific meetings. Paediatric respiratory reviews 2011. link 19 Castell DO. Academic mentoring: a 40-year adventure. The American journal of gastroenterology 2011. link 20 Bruce ML, Bartels SJ, Lyness JM, Sirey JA, Sheline YI, Smith G. Promoting the transition to independent scientist: a national career development program. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 2011. link 21 Buchanan GR. Academic promotion and tenure: a user's guide for junior faculty members. Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2009. link 22 Ghobrial IM, Laubach JP, Soiffer RJ. Finding the right academic job. Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2009. link 23 Applegate WB, Williams ME. Career development in academic medicine. The American journal of medicine 1990. link90152-4) 24 Schutz RW. Academic achievement and involvement in hockey: a post-hoc longitudinal study. Canadian journal of applied sport sciences. Journal canadien des sciences appliquees au sport 1979. link

Academic underachievement disorder