Overview
Yellow fever breakthrough infections can occur in individuals vaccinated against the virus, though they are considered rare 1. These infections are defined as symptomatic yellow fever occurring at least 30 days after primary vaccination 1.Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on virologically confirmed or probable cases of yellow fever in individuals with documented proof of previous vaccination 1.
Probable cases include IgM seroconversion without seroconversion to other flaviviruses 1.Management
Management of yellow fever, including breakthrough infections, is primarily supportive 1.
Specific antiviral therapies are not detailed in the provided abstracts.Special Populations
No specific information regarding special populations (pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, comorbidities) is available in the provided abstracts.Key Recommendations
Symptomatic yellow fever occurring at least 30 days after primary vaccination should be considered a breakthrough infection 1.
Diagnosis requires virologically confirmed or probable cases of yellow fever in vaccinated individuals 1.
Management is supportive 1.
(Evidence: Moderate)References
1 Schnyder JL, Bache BE, Welkers MRA, Spijker R, Schaumburg F, Goorhuis A et al.. Yellow fever breakthrough infections after yellow fever vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. Microbe 2024. link