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Otolaryngology (ENT)4 papers

Caseous tonsillitis

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Chronic caseous tonsillitis (CCT) is characterized by the accumulation of caseous material in tonsillar crypts, often leading to persistent halitosis and recurrent infections despite conventional treatment 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Persistent halitosis, tonsillar swelling, and visible caseous material in crypts 1.
  • Diagnostic Tests: Halitometry to measure volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) in breathed air, indicating halitosis severity 1.
  • Management

  • First-Line Treatment: CO2 laser cryptolysis by coagulation (LCC) as a conservative approach to open crypt ostia and reduce caseum retention 1.
  • Procedure Details: Four sessions of LCC using 6-W applications in scanned and unfocused mode around crypts (fluence 54.5 joules/cm2) and over the entire tonsillar surface (fluence 18 joules/cm2) 1.
  • Special Populations

  • No Specific Data: The provided abstracts do not cover management specifics for pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or patients with comorbidities 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Consider CO2 laser cryptolysis by coagulation as a first-line conservative treatment for chronic caseous tonsillitis to alleviate halitosis and manage caseum retention (Evidence: Moderate) 1.
  • Utilize halitometry pre- and post-treatment to objectively assess improvements in halitosis severity (Evidence: Moderate) 1.
  • Evaluate the need for tonsillectomy if conservative treatments, including LCC, fail to provide sustained relief (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1.
  • References

    1 Dal Rio AC, Passos CA, Nicola JH, Nicola EM. CO2 laser cryptolysis by coagulation for the treatment of halitosis. Photomedicine and laser surgery 2006. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      CO2 laser cryptolysis by coagulation for the treatment of halitosis.Dal Rio AC, Passos CA, Nicola JH, Nicola EM Photomedicine and laser surgery (2006)

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