← Back to guidelines
Infectious Disease1054 papers

Pneumonia and influenza

Last edited: 29 days ago

Overview

Pneumonia and influenza are acute respiratory infections caused by various pathogens, primarily viruses (influenza) and bacteria (pneumonia). These conditions can range from mild to severe, significantly impacting public health, especially among vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, and those with underlying comorbidities.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Symptoms: Fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, fatigue, and in pneumonia, productive cough with sputum 12.
  • Recommended Tests: Rapid antigen tests and RT-PCR for influenza; chest X-rays for pneumonia to assess lung involvement 12.
  • Laboratory Tests: Blood cultures, complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and procalcitonin for bacterial pneumonia 12.
  • Grading: Severity can be assessed using clinical criteria such as CURB-65 score for pneumonia (confusion, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age ≥65, and elevated urea nitrogen) 12.
  • Management

  • Influenza: Antiviral therapy (oseltamivir, 75 mg twice daily for 5 days) initiated within 48 hours of symptom onset 12.
  • Bacterial Pneumonia: Antibiotics tailored to suspected pathogens (e.g., amoxicillin for community-acquired pneumonia, broader coverage for hospital-acquired pneumonia) 12.
  • Supportive Care: Rest, hydration, fever control with antipyretics, and supplemental oxygen as needed 12.
  • Vaccination: Annual influenza vaccination recommended for all individuals aged ≥6 months, especially high-risk groups 12.
  • Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: Antiviral treatment (oseltamivir) is recommended for severe or progressive influenza; cautious antibiotic use for pneumonia 12.
  • Pediatrics: Close monitoring for complications; antiviral therapy for high-risk children 12.
  • Elderly: Higher risk of severe outcomes; prompt diagnosis and treatment crucial 12.
  • Comorbidities: Patients with chronic conditions (e.g., COPD, diabetes) require vigilant monitoring and tailored management 12.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Initiate antiviral therapy within 48 hours of symptom onset for confirmed or suspected influenza (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Use chest imaging (X-ray) for patients with suspected pneumonia to assess severity and guide treatment (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Administer annual influenza vaccination to all eligible individuals, particularly those at high risk (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Tailor antibiotic therapy based on clinical presentation and local resistance patterns for bacterial pneumonia (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Provide supportive care including hydration, fever management, and oxygen supplementation as needed (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 878 indexed papers.

    1 DeAgostino-Kelly M, Combs CA, Hamm RF. Teaching Quality Improvement Initiatives in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 2026. link 2 Somigliana E, Viganò P. Transparency only from authors? Insights from 'mysterious' retractions in obstetrics and gynecology. Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E 2026. link 3 Guérin Y, Maguire F, Clancy A, Stairs J. Beyond "Women's" Health: A Natural Language Processing Analysis of Trends in Gender-Neutral Language Use. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC 2026. link 4 Kamijo K, Kondo Y, Sakaguchi K, Isobe M, Watari T. Medical Education Research in Japanese Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014-2024: A Bibliometric Analysis. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2026. link 5 Levytska K, Chen SF, Cerda VR, Huang DS, Kim KH, Liang MI. Family Planning and Parental Leave in Obstetrics and Gynecology Fellowships: A Nation-Wide Survey of Fellows and Program Directors in the United States. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2026. link 6 Recker F, Neubauer R, Adams J, Ludwig S, Taran FA, Groten T. Medical education in obstetrics and gynecology: A global update from 2025. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica 2026. link 7 Bobotis S, Stathi D, Verigos E, Geropoulos G, Arsenaki E, Paraskevaidi M et al.. Gender dynamics in authorship of scientific publications in obstetrics and gynaecology: a 10-year bibliometric analysis of six high-impact journals. BMJ open 2026. link 8 Silvestre J, Lazenby GB. Geographic variation in supply, demand, and adequacy of the obstetrics and gynecology physician workforce: forecasts and shortage risks in the United States. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2026. link 9 Cacheiro A, Cadish LA, Zayed A, Chang J, Lane F. Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency: A Time Motion Analysis Evaluating Time Allocation and Duty Hours. Journal of surgical education 2026. link 10 Suemitsu T, Nagayasu Y, Shinagawa M, Komatsu H, Maki J, Hirose Y et al.. Nationwide Faculty Development Seminars in Obstetrics and Gynecology in Japan: An Observational Study of Practical Initiatives and Educational Outcomes. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2026. link 11 AlShamlan NA, AlOmar RS, Al Qahtani NH, Badghaish FS, Alghamdi RF, Almukhadhib OY et al.. Bridging women's emergency and primary healthcare: Factors associated with prolonged obstetrics and gynecology emergency room stay in a Saudi university hospital. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2026. link 12 Huang MC, Huang JP, Lee HL. Evaluating the impact of Taiwan's medical education reform: A milestone-based comparison of two Ob-Gyn training models. Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology 2026. link 13 Dotters-Katz SK, Schroeder B, Rusk D, Avery L, Sutton JM, Hou MY et al.. When Should I Rotate? Clerkship Timing of Students Who Successfully Match in OBGYN. American journal of perinatology 2026. link 14 Fernandes I, Rodrigues CIS, Korkes HA, de Sampaio LF. Problem-based learning in obstetrics and gynecology: a systematic review. Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia 2025. link 15 Sengupta P, Dutta S, Bagchi S, Hegde P, Sebastian S, Taylor DC et al.. Strategic Guidelines to Integrate Artificial Intelligence in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Best Practices and Ethical Considerations. Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) 2025. link 16 . ACOG Committee Statement No. 20:Ethical Considerations With Telehealth in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Obstetrics and gynecology 2025. link 17 Larkin S, Harness E, Arora KS, Qasba N, Chesnokova A, Banks E et al.. Payer-Based Segregation in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ambulatory Care: Implications for Quality, Safety, and Equity. Obstetrics and gynecology 2025. link 18 Ługowski F, Babińska J, Ludwin A, Stanirowski PJ. Comparative analysis of ChatGPT 3.5 and ChatGPT 4 obstetric and gynecological knowledge. Scientific reports 2025. link 19 Lin H, Deng X, Song D. Research trends of global artificial intelligence application in obstetrics and gynecology from 1999 to 2025: a bibliometric analysis based on web of science. Journal of robotic surgery 2025. link 20 Wilson-Liverman A, Stec M, Cocco AS, Smith M. Rise of Advanced Practice Professionals in Women's Health. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 2025. link 21 Duhm L, Wittek A, Walter A, Plöger R, Haverkamp N, Marinova M et al.. Factors influencing medical students' interest in obstetrics and gynecology: a longitudinal study on career preferences. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2025. link 22 Kawakita T, Wong MS, Gibson KS, Gupta M, Gimovsky AC, Moussa HN et al.. Application of Generative AI to Enhance Obstetrics and Gynecology Research. American journal of perinatology 2025. link 23 Cohen A, Burns J, Gabra M, Gordon A, Deebel N, Terlecki R et al.. Performance of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer on Personal Review of Learning in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Southern medical journal 2025. link 24 Yapıcı Coşkun Z, Kıyak YS, Coşkun Ö, Budakoğlu Iİ, Özdemir Ö. Large language models for generating script concordance test in obstetrics and gynecology: ChatGPT and Claude. Medical teacher 2025. link 25 O'Sullivan OE, Leitao S, Harney S, Abdalla ME, O'Donoghue K. Introducing outcome-based education in obstetrics and gynaecology training: Perspectives of trainees and trainers. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology 2025. link 26 Schaffir J, Sonn T, Sutton J, Baecher-Lind L, Chen KT, Fleming A et al.. Trends in Duty Hour Requirements for Obstetrics and Gynecology Clerkships. Journal of surgical education 2025. link 27 Komatsu H, Ueki M, Yamada N, Taniguchi F, Harada T. Implementation and educational impact of the step ladder system: A structured clinical competency framework for obstetrics and gynecology. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2025. link 28 Van Der Hock S, Holbeach N, Coghlan E. 'Fostering the Future': Exploring Barriers and Enablers to Doctors Pursuing a Clinician Educator Pathway in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology 2025. link 29 Kennedy C, Abubakr K, Al-Tikriti S, O'Higgins A, McNulty J, Cooney N et al.. Exploring patient involvement in obstetrics and gynaecology medical education: a scoping review. BMC medical education 2025. link 30 Allaert E, Robbrecht M, Hamerlynck T, Weyers S. Development of a competency framework for postgraduate training in obstetrics and gynaecology using a Delphi study. International journal of medical education 2025. link 31 Wei L, Yu X, Wang Y, Shan N. Application of BOPPPS and Flipped Classroom Joint Teaching Model into Clinical Practice Ability of Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents in Standardized Training. BMC medical education 2025. link 32 Kamijo K, Suemitsu T, Hayashi M, Iida Y, Ogawa A, Kashima Y et al.. Gender differences in factors influencing specialty choice in obstetrics and gynecology: A national survey of graduating senior residents. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2025. link 33 Chesnokova AE, Apple A, Kaur K, Schachter A, Clement EA, Schapira MM et al.. Integrating Payor-Segregated Outpatient Obstetrics and Gynecology Care Models: The Patient Perspective. American journal of perinatology 2025. link 34 Wright D, Boedeker D, Ulfers A, Peterson L. Pilot Study: Developing Curriculum to Prepare Fourth-Year Medical Students Applying for OBGYN Residency Within the Defense Health Agency. Military medicine 2025. link 35 Kumar AP, Rizk D, Al Jufairi Z, Garadah T, Alsubaiei AAK, Atwa H et al.. Validating simulated patient programmes in Obstetrics and Gynaecology education: a mixed-method study on training effectiveness and stakeholder perceptions in the GCC. BMC medical education 2025. link 36 Parker N, Falconieri N, Shah H, Lees C, Timmerman D, Van Calster B et al.. Burnout, wellbeing and defensive medical practice in obstetricians and gynecologists in the UK before and after the COVID pandemic: A repeated cross-sectional survey study. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica 2025. link 37 Guarna G, Murphy J, Sharma S. Proceed with Caution: Assessing for and Increasing Psychological Safety in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Teaching and Learning Environments. Journal of surgical education 2025. link 38 Tarasi B, Oubaid V, Baud D. Defining competence profiles in obstetrics and gynecology using the modified requirement tracking questionnaire. BMC medical education 2025. link 39 Rewis K, Truong N, Lal A, Sprawka N, Alrahmani L. Virtual Impressions: An Examination of OBGYN Programs' Online Presence in the Match Process: OBGYN Residency Program Websites and Social Media. Journal of surgical education 2025. link 40 Lan L, Yang L, Li J, Hou J, Yan Y, Zhang Y. Establishing a novel score system and using it to assess and compare the quality of ChatGPT-4 consultation with physician consultation for obstetrics and gynecology: A pilot study. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2025. link 41 Cohen ES, Grandiek F, Kringos DS, Kouwenberg LHJA, Sperna Weiland NH, Richie C et al.. Attitudes towards addressing environmental sustainability in patient-provider interactions: a qualitative study among Dutch physicians. BMJ open 2025. link 42 Sun M, George K, Keller JM, Connolly A, Keating L, Banks E. Exploring Presenteeism in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency. Journal of surgical education 2025. link 43 Rao X, Wu QQ, Yang J, Li X. Application of augmented reality technology for obstetrics and gynecology teaching among undergraduates. BMC medical education 2025. link 44 Wagoner K, Dempsey A, Dunn F, Chardukian M. A Flipped Classroom Case to Introduce OB/GYN Clerkship Students to Contraception, Postpartum Care, and Intimate Partner Violence Screening. MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources 2025. link 45 MacKinnon R, Boedeker D, Chatfield L, Owens A. A Novel, Low-Fidelity, Low-Cost Residency "Simulation Festival" Competition. Military medicine 2025. link 46 Topcu EG, Kapustin R, Ami O, Ramirez A, Gabor P, Ubom AE. Assessment of obstetrics and gynecology training during residency: A global perspective. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2025. link 47 Hou MY, Hodgens TM, Nguyen M, Westervelt MJ, Toland MA, Boatright D et al.. Cross-sectional study of obstetrics and gynecology-bound students in visiting rotations. BMC medical education 2025. link 48 Krischer B, Brechbühl-Litzel R, Breuer GD, Favero M, Foessleitner P, Friemann AM et al.. Postgraduate medical education in obstetrics and gynecology in Switzerland in comparison to Germany and Austria: the results of an international survey. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2025. link 49 Dantas S. Career Realignment: When Obstetrics and Gynecology Practice Becomes Less Rewarding. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 2025. link 50 Brennand EA, Hernandez-Ceron N, Hurava I, Kain N. Patient complaints differ for male and female obstetrician-gynecologists: an exploration of 20 years of complaints data in Alberta, Canada. International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care 2025. link 51 Fawzi HW. Governance in obstetrics and gynecology associations in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and adaptive strategies for enhanced organizational effectiveness. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2025. link 52 Farid H, Spiel M, Febres-Cordero D, Neill S, Young BC. "Giving Them the Right Tools:" Obstetrics and Gynecology Program Directors' Perspectives on Resident Remediation. Journal of surgical education 2025. link 53 Romero IL, Phelan ST, Xierali IM, Kenton K, Tucker JM, Rayburn WF. Changes in the Numbers of Male and Female Obstetricians-Gynecologists and Their Implications. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 2025. link 54 Morosky CM, Baecher-Lind L, Chen KT, Fleming A, Sims SM, Morgan HK et al.. Practical applications of artificial intelligence chatbots in obstetrics and gynecology medical education. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2025. link 55 Bost BW, Harvey J, Borgert E, Jones J. Ob/Gyn physician perspectives on maintenance of certification. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology 2025. link 56 O'Sullivan OE, Daykan Y, Rotem R. Advancing obstetrics and gynecology training: The shift toward outcome and based education, a narrative review of literature. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2025. link 57 Field K, Shuber H, Shields M. A Multimodel, Resident-Run Medical Student Curriculum in Obstetrics and Gynaecology: Does It Improve NBME (National Board of Medical Examiners) Exam Scores?. The clinical teacher 2025. link 58 Zhang W, Hao Y, Zhang T, Jiao X, Mao Z, Zhang Y et al.. Standardized training assessment of residents in obstetrics and gynecology on entrustable professional activities. BMC medical education 2025. link 59 Holtzman S, McCarthy L, Chess IS, Sifri Y, Nentin F, Friedman F. Resident perception of Obstetrics and Gynecology(OBGYN) residency pelvic anatomy curriculum: a national study. BMC medical education 2025. link 60 Reischer T, Dorittke T, Klebermaß-Schrehof K, Berger A, Dremsek P, Ragossnig J et al.. Clinical course and perinatal management of fetuses and newborns affected by trisomy 13 and 18: a retrospective single-centre cohort study. European journal of pediatrics 2025. link 61 Cohen ES, Kouwenberg LHJA, Moody KS, Sperna Weiland NH, Kringos DS, Timmermans A et al.. Environmental sustainability in obstetrics and gynaecology: A systematic review. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 2024. link 62 Rayburn WF. Diversity in Academic Obstetrics and Gynecology. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 2024. link 63 Collins SA. Excluding Male Trainees in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Why We Do It and Why It's Wrong. International urogynecology journal 2024. link 64 Leksa V. Piccadilly full of people and other foul things : On heroism and perversion in the post-pandemic era. EMBO reports 2024. link 65 Brown HL. Who's Haywood? Path to Leadership: I Am NO Jackie Robinson. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 66 Chikazawa K, Imai K, Kuwata T. Why don't we follow influencers in obstetrics and gynaecology on Twitter to obtain information on the most recent international congresses?. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2024. link 67 Napoé GS, Parviainen KEL, Gosman GG, Olawaiye AB, Edwards RP. A Framework for Diversifying Obstetrics and Gynecology Training Programs. Obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 68 Kacperczyk-Bartnik J, Urban A, Bartnik P, Teliga-Czajkowska J, Janowska E, Dobrowolska-Redo A et al.. Good teaching practices for organizing and conducting clinical classes in obstetrics and gynaecology for medical undergraduate students at the English Division. BMC medical education 2024. link 69 Adkoli A, Eng S, Stephenson R. Need for formalized robotic training and curriculum in obstetrics and gynecology residency: an examination of current resident outlooks and perspectives. Journal of robotic surgery 2024. link 70 Atiomo WU, Casper G, Symonds I, Obermair HM, Gwako G, Vash-Margita A et al.. A common curriculum in obstetrics and gynecology for medical students globally. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2024. link 71 Sein E, Belsi A, Morgenstern C, Terzidou V, Patel RR. The early determinants of career choices for medical students following an obstetrics and gynaecology placement: Mixed methods study. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 2024. link 72 Harris BS, Harris HM, Baldwin MA, Dotters-Katz SK. Medical Student Duty Hours and Shelf Performance: Is There a Correlation?. American journal of perinatology 2024. link 73 Friedman CL, Boulos ME, Garber AB, Craig C, Mueller V. Learning to Lead: An Exploration of Leadership Development in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC 2024. link 74 Chen KT, Royce CS, Baecher-Lind L, Bhargava R, Fleming A, Morgan HK et al.. Changes and challenges in the residency application process in obstetrics and gynecology. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 75 Kraus AC, Dalrymple JL, Schwartz E, Marzan G, Nelson S, Morgan HK et al.. Mixed Signals: Navigating the Obstetrics and Gynecology Signaling Initiative. Journal of surgical education 2024. link 76 Levin G, Brezinov Y, Tzur Y, Meyer R. Open access transition in obstetrics and gynecology journals-The international impact. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2024. link 77 Young OM, DeGaia AGR, Akingbola OA, Staples H. Beyond the Recruitment Pipeline: A Call to Action for Centering the Success of Under-represented Minority Trainees in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 78 Mori K, Komatsu H, Shimizu M, Sakaguchi K, Koga K, Taniguchi F et al.. What preferences do potential obstetrics-gynecology specialists have regarding their working environment? Results of a questionnaire survey of participants in the Summer School 2023 of the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2024. link 79 Chen KT, Baecher-Lind L, Morosky CM, Bhargava R, Fleming A, Royce CS et al.. Current practices and perspectives on clerkship grading in obstetrics and gynecology. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 80 Karakoc H, Özerdoğan N. The privacy protection scale in obstetrics and gynecology: A scale development study. Health care for women international 2024. link 81 Cai F, Southworth E, Santiago S, Stephenson-Famy A, Fay E, Wang EY et al.. The golden tickets: impact of preference signaling on obstetrics and gynecology residency applicants. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 82 Shah N, Shah N, Rabab UE, Tariq H, Ayaz S, Fahim T. Assessing emergency room leadership of ObGyn residents in a public university teaching hospital of Sindh, Pakistan: a cross-sectional survey. BMC medical education 2024. link 83 Li L, Zhang S, Fan J, Cao Y, Li T, Lang J et al.. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on teaching and research activities in obstetrics and gynecology: a national two-stage, stratified, cluster sampling survey in China. BMC medical education 2024. link 84 Levin G, Brezinov Y, Guigue PA, Meyer R. Converting to Open Access in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Journal: A Bibliometric Analysis. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC 2024. link 85 Matsubara S. A clinic doctor transferring a patient as a coauthor of a case report: A preliminary study. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research 2024. link 86 Havránek E, Anton M, Hruban L. Simulation medicine in obstetrics and gynaecology, possibilities for its use and the current state at the obstetrics and gynaecology departments in the Czech Republic. Ceska gynekologie 2024. link 87 Daxenbichler M. The "oldest and the newest of nurses": Nursing and the Professionalization of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Journal of the history of medicine and allied sciences 2024. link 88 Levin G, Meyer R, Guigue PA, Brezinov Y. It takes one to know one-Machine learning for identifying OBGYN abstracts written by ChatGPT. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2024. link 89 Oyelese Y. Randomized controlled trials: not always the "gold standard" for evidence in obstetrics and gynecology. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 90 Cai F, Santiago S, Southworth E, Stephenson-Famy A, Fay E, Wang EY et al.. Taking the Express Lane: Student Attitudes Towards Tracking in Ob/Gyn Residency. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 91 Fischer NM, Handelsman R, Schointuch M, Vitez S, Szczupak A, Sanfilippo J. An Assessment of Business of Medicine Knowledge in Obstetrics and Gynecology Fellows: A Pilot Study. Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology 2024. link 92 Abbate AM, Knittel AK, Haas DM, Moore Simas TA, Learman LA, Bienstock JL et al.. Fellowship for Academic Generalists in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Is It Overdue?. Obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 93 Meyer B, Riedel F, Amann N, Graf A, Stuehrenberg A, Ritter V et al.. Exploring the current state of clinical and practical teaching in obstetrics and gynecology in the era of competency-based education: a nationwide survey among German teaching coordinators. BMC medical education 2024. link 94 Vintzileos AM, Mylonas IH. Revisiting the evolution of the Hippocratic Oath in obstetrics and gynecology. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 95 Zhong Z. A comparison of two different remote OSCEs during the COVID-19 pandemic: A candidate's perspective. Medical teacher 2024. link 96 Kyllo HM, Bresnitz W, Bickner M, Matous MA, Mulenga NM, O'Brien EA et al.. Access to general obstetrics and gynecology care among Medicaid beneficiaries and the privately insured: a nationwide mystery caller study in the USA. Minerva obstetrics and gynecology 2024. link 97 von Waldenfels G, Beck MH, Semmler J, Gerber A, Hennigs A, Vochem R et al.. Training in obstetrics and gynecology between reality and vision: results of a JAGO-NOGGO survey in 601 physicians (NOGGO-Monitor-12 trial). Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2024. link 98 Jacques LH, Cowley ES, Hebgen SM, Spencer RJ, Hale CM. Obstetrics and gynecology applicant perceptions of residency program culture with virtual interviews: a qualitative analysis of social media posts. BMC medical education 2024. link 99 Liang AC, Malone A, Kobernik EK, Holman E, Hammoud MM, Majszak C et al.. Certified Nurse-Midwives as Teachers: Expanding Interprofessional Collaboration Learning Opportunities for Medical Students on the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clerkship. Journal of midwifery & women's health 2024. link 100 Morgan HK, Banks E, Gressel GM, Winkel AF, Hammoud MM, Akingbola B et al.. Inequities at the Transition to Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency. Journal of surgical education 2024. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Teaching Quality Improvement Initiatives in Obstetrics and Gynecology.DeAgostino-Kelly M, Combs CA, Hamm RF Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America (2026)
    2. [2]
      Transparency only from authors? Insights from 'mysterious' retractions in obstetrics and gynecology.Somigliana E, Viganò P Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E (2026)
    3. [3]
      Beyond "Women's" Health: A Natural Language Processing Analysis of Trends in Gender-Neutral Language Use.Guérin Y, Maguire F, Clancy A, Stairs J Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC (2026)
    4. [4]
      Medical Education Research in Japanese Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014-2024: A Bibliometric Analysis.Kamijo K, Kondo Y, Sakaguchi K, Isobe M, Watari T The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research (2026)
    5. [5]
      Family Planning and Parental Leave in Obstetrics and Gynecology Fellowships: A Nation-Wide Survey of Fellows and Program Directors in the United States.Levytska K, Chen SF, Cerda VR, Huang DS, Kim KH, Liang MI The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research (2026)
    6. [6]
      Medical education in obstetrics and gynecology: A global update from 2025.Recker F, Neubauer R, Adams J, Ludwig S, Taran FA, Groten T Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica (2026)
    7. [7]
      Gender dynamics in authorship of scientific publications in obstetrics and gynaecology: a 10-year bibliometric analysis of six high-impact journals.Bobotis S, Stathi D, Verigos E, Geropoulos G, Arsenaki E, Paraskevaidi M et al. BMJ open (2026)
    8. [8]
    9. [9]
      Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency: A Time Motion Analysis Evaluating Time Allocation and Duty Hours.Cacheiro A, Cadish LA, Zayed A, Chang J, Lane F Journal of surgical education (2026)
    10. [10]
      Nationwide Faculty Development Seminars in Obstetrics and Gynecology in Japan: An Observational Study of Practical Initiatives and Educational Outcomes.Suemitsu T, Nagayasu Y, Shinagawa M, Komatsu H, Maki J, Hirose Y et al. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research (2026)
    11. [11]
      Bridging women's emergency and primary healthcare: Factors associated with prolonged obstetrics and gynecology emergency room stay in a Saudi university hospital.AlShamlan NA, AlOmar RS, Al Qahtani NH, Badghaish FS, Alghamdi RF, Almukhadhib OY et al. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2026)
    12. [12]
      Evaluating the impact of Taiwan's medical education reform: A milestone-based comparison of two Ob-Gyn training models.Huang MC, Huang JP, Lee HL Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology (2026)
    13. [13]
      When Should I Rotate? Clerkship Timing of Students Who Successfully Match in OBGYN.Dotters-Katz SK, Schroeder B, Rusk D, Avery L, Sutton JM, Hou MY et al. American journal of perinatology (2026)
    14. [14]
      Problem-based learning in obstetrics and gynecology: a systematic review.Fernandes I, Rodrigues CIS, Korkes HA, de Sampaio LF Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia (2025)
    15. [15]
      Strategic Guidelines to Integrate Artificial Intelligence in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Best Practices and Ethical Considerations.Sengupta P, Dutta S, Bagchi S, Hegde P, Sebastian S, Taylor DC et al. Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) (2025)
    16. [16]
    17. [17]
      Payer-Based Segregation in Obstetrics and Gynecology Ambulatory Care: Implications for Quality, Safety, and Equity.Larkin S, Harness E, Arora KS, Qasba N, Chesnokova A, Banks E et al. Obstetrics and gynecology (2025)
    18. [18]
      Comparative analysis of ChatGPT 3.5 and ChatGPT 4 obstetric and gynecological knowledge.Ługowski F, Babińska J, Ludwin A, Stanirowski PJ Scientific reports (2025)
    19. [19]
    20. [20]
      Rise of Advanced Practice Professionals in Women's Health.Wilson-Liverman A, Stec M, Cocco AS, Smith M Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America (2025)
    21. [21]
      Factors influencing medical students' interest in obstetrics and gynecology: a longitudinal study on career preferences.Duhm L, Wittek A, Walter A, Plöger R, Haverkamp N, Marinova M et al. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics (2025)
    22. [22]
      Application of Generative AI to Enhance Obstetrics and Gynecology Research.Kawakita T, Wong MS, Gibson KS, Gupta M, Gimovsky AC, Moussa HN et al. American journal of perinatology (2025)
    23. [23]
      Performance of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer on Personal Review of Learning in Obstetrics and Gynecology.Cohen A, Burns J, Gabra M, Gordon A, Deebel N, Terlecki R et al. Southern medical journal (2025)
    24. [24]
      Large language models for generating script concordance test in obstetrics and gynecology: ChatGPT and Claude.Yapıcı Coşkun Z, Kıyak YS, Coşkun Ö, Budakoğlu Iİ, Özdemir Ö Medical teacher (2025)
    25. [25]
      Introducing outcome-based education in obstetrics and gynaecology training: Perspectives of trainees and trainers.O'Sullivan OE, Leitao S, Harney S, Abdalla ME, O'Donoghue K European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (2025)
    26. [26]
      Trends in Duty Hour Requirements for Obstetrics and Gynecology Clerkships.Schaffir J, Sonn T, Sutton J, Baecher-Lind L, Chen KT, Fleming A et al. Journal of surgical education (2025)
    27. [27]
      Implementation and educational impact of the step ladder system: A structured clinical competency framework for obstetrics and gynecology.Komatsu H, Ueki M, Yamada N, Taniguchi F, Harada T International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2025)
    28. [28]
      'Fostering the Future': Exploring Barriers and Enablers to Doctors Pursuing a Clinician Educator Pathway in Obstetrics and Gynaecology.Van Der Hock S, Holbeach N, Coghlan E The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology (2025)
    29. [29]
      Exploring patient involvement in obstetrics and gynaecology medical education: a scoping review.Kennedy C, Abubakr K, Al-Tikriti S, O'Higgins A, McNulty J, Cooney N et al. BMC medical education (2025)
    30. [30]
      Development of a competency framework for postgraduate training in obstetrics and gynaecology using a Delphi study.Allaert E, Robbrecht M, Hamerlynck T, Weyers S International journal of medical education (2025)
    31. [31]
    32. [32]
      Gender differences in factors influencing specialty choice in obstetrics and gynecology: A national survey of graduating senior residents.Kamijo K, Suemitsu T, Hayashi M, Iida Y, Ogawa A, Kashima Y et al. The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research (2025)
    33. [33]
      Integrating Payor-Segregated Outpatient Obstetrics and Gynecology Care Models: The Patient Perspective.Chesnokova AE, Apple A, Kaur K, Schachter A, Clement EA, Schapira MM et al. American journal of perinatology (2025)
    34. [34]
    35. [35]
    36. [36]
      Burnout, wellbeing and defensive medical practice in obstetricians and gynecologists in the UK before and after the COVID pandemic: A repeated cross-sectional survey study.Parker N, Falconieri N, Shah H, Lees C, Timmerman D, Van Calster B et al. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica (2025)
    37. [37]
    38. [38]
    39. [39]
    40. [40]
      Establishing a novel score system and using it to assess and compare the quality of ChatGPT-4 consultation with physician consultation for obstetrics and gynecology: A pilot study.Lan L, Yang L, Li J, Hou J, Yan Y, Zhang Y International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2025)
    41. [41]
      Attitudes towards addressing environmental sustainability in patient-provider interactions: a qualitative study among Dutch physicians.Cohen ES, Grandiek F, Kringos DS, Kouwenberg LHJA, Sperna Weiland NH, Richie C et al. BMJ open (2025)
    42. [42]
      Exploring Presenteeism in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency.Sun M, George K, Keller JM, Connolly A, Keating L, Banks E Journal of surgical education (2025)
    43. [43]
    44. [44]
      A Flipped Classroom Case to Introduce OB/GYN Clerkship Students to Contraception, Postpartum Care, and Intimate Partner Violence Screening.Wagoner K, Dempsey A, Dunn F, Chardukian M MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources (2025)
    45. [45]
      A Novel, Low-Fidelity, Low-Cost Residency "Simulation Festival" Competition.MacKinnon R, Boedeker D, Chatfield L, Owens A Military medicine (2025)
    46. [46]
      Assessment of obstetrics and gynecology training during residency: A global perspective.Topcu EG, Kapustin R, Ami O, Ramirez A, Gabor P, Ubom AE International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2025)
    47. [47]
      Cross-sectional study of obstetrics and gynecology-bound students in visiting rotations.Hou MY, Hodgens TM, Nguyen M, Westervelt MJ, Toland MA, Boatright D et al. BMC medical education (2025)
    48. [48]
      Postgraduate medical education in obstetrics and gynecology in Switzerland in comparison to Germany and Austria: the results of an international survey.Krischer B, Brechbühl-Litzel R, Breuer GD, Favero M, Foessleitner P, Friemann AM et al. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics (2025)
    49. [49]
      Career Realignment: When Obstetrics and Gynecology Practice Becomes Less Rewarding.Dantas S Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America (2025)
    50. [50]
      Patient complaints differ for male and female obstetrician-gynecologists: an exploration of 20 years of complaints data in Alberta, Canada.Brennand EA, Hernandez-Ceron N, Hurava I, Kain N International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care (2025)
    51. [51]
      Governance in obstetrics and gynecology associations in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and adaptive strategies for enhanced organizational effectiveness.Fawzi HW International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2025)
    52. [52]
      "Giving Them the Right Tools:" Obstetrics and Gynecology Program Directors' Perspectives on Resident Remediation.Farid H, Spiel M, Febres-Cordero D, Neill S, Young BC Journal of surgical education (2025)
    53. [53]
      Changes in the Numbers of Male and Female Obstetricians-Gynecologists and Their Implications.Romero IL, Phelan ST, Xierali IM, Kenton K, Tucker JM, Rayburn WF Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America (2025)
    54. [54]
      Practical applications of artificial intelligence chatbots in obstetrics and gynecology medical education.Morosky CM, Baecher-Lind L, Chen KT, Fleming A, Sims SM, Morgan HK et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology (2025)
    55. [55]
      Ob/Gyn physician perspectives on maintenance of certification.Bost BW, Harvey J, Borgert E, Jones J European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (2025)
    56. [56]
      Advancing obstetrics and gynecology training: The shift toward outcome and based education, a narrative review of literature.O'Sullivan OE, Daykan Y, Rotem R International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2025)
    57. [57]
    58. [58]
      Standardized training assessment of residents in obstetrics and gynecology on entrustable professional activities.Zhang W, Hao Y, Zhang T, Jiao X, Mao Z, Zhang Y et al. BMC medical education (2025)
    59. [59]
      Resident perception of Obstetrics and Gynecology(OBGYN) residency pelvic anatomy curriculum: a national study.Holtzman S, McCarthy L, Chess IS, Sifri Y, Nentin F, Friedman F BMC medical education (2025)
    60. [60]
      Clinical course and perinatal management of fetuses and newborns affected by trisomy 13 and 18: a retrospective single-centre cohort study.Reischer T, Dorittke T, Klebermaß-Schrehof K, Berger A, Dremsek P, Ragossnig J et al. European journal of pediatrics (2025)
    61. [61]
      Environmental sustainability in obstetrics and gynaecology: A systematic review.Cohen ES, Kouwenberg LHJA, Moody KS, Sperna Weiland NH, Kringos DS, Timmermans A et al. BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology (2024)
    62. [62]
      Diversity in Academic Obstetrics and Gynecology.Rayburn WF Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America (2024)
    63. [63]
      Excluding Male Trainees in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Why We Do It and Why It's Wrong.Collins SA International urogynecology journal (2024)
    64. [64]
    65. [65]
      Who's Haywood? Path to Leadership: I Am NO Jackie Robinson.Brown HL Clinical obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    66. [66]
    67. [67]
      A Framework for Diversifying Obstetrics and Gynecology Training Programs.Napoé GS, Parviainen KEL, Gosman GG, Olawaiye AB, Edwards RP Obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    68. [68]
      Good teaching practices for organizing and conducting clinical classes in obstetrics and gynaecology for medical undergraduate students at the English Division.Kacperczyk-Bartnik J, Urban A, Bartnik P, Teliga-Czajkowska J, Janowska E, Dobrowolska-Redo A et al. BMC medical education (2024)
    69. [69]
    70. [70]
      A common curriculum in obstetrics and gynecology for medical students globally.Atiomo WU, Casper G, Symonds I, Obermair HM, Gwako G, Vash-Margita A et al. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2024)
    71. [71]
      The early determinants of career choices for medical students following an obstetrics and gynaecology placement: Mixed methods study.Sein E, Belsi A, Morgenstern C, Terzidou V, Patel RR BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology (2024)
    72. [72]
      Medical Student Duty Hours and Shelf Performance: Is There a Correlation?Harris BS, Harris HM, Baldwin MA, Dotters-Katz SK American journal of perinatology (2024)
    73. [73]
      Learning to Lead: An Exploration of Leadership Development in Obstetrics and Gynaecology.Friedman CL, Boulos ME, Garber AB, Craig C, Mueller V Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC (2024)
    74. [74]
      Changes and challenges in the residency application process in obstetrics and gynecology.Chen KT, Royce CS, Baecher-Lind L, Bhargava R, Fleming A, Morgan HK et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    75. [75]
      Mixed Signals: Navigating the Obstetrics and Gynecology Signaling Initiative.Kraus AC, Dalrymple JL, Schwartz E, Marzan G, Nelson S, Morgan HK et al. Journal of surgical education (2024)
    76. [76]
      Open access transition in obstetrics and gynecology journals-The international impact.Levin G, Brezinov Y, Tzur Y, Meyer R International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2024)
    77. [77]
    78. [78]
    79. [79]
      Current practices and perspectives on clerkship grading in obstetrics and gynecology.Chen KT, Baecher-Lind L, Morosky CM, Bhargava R, Fleming A, Royce CS et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    80. [80]
      The privacy protection scale in obstetrics and gynecology: A scale development study.Karakoc H, Özerdoğan N Health care for women international (2024)
    81. [81]
      The golden tickets: impact of preference signaling on obstetrics and gynecology residency applicants.Cai F, Southworth E, Santiago S, Stephenson-Famy A, Fay E, Wang EY et al. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    82. [82]
    83. [83]
    84. [84]
      Converting to Open Access in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Journal: A Bibliometric Analysis.Levin G, Brezinov Y, Guigue PA, Meyer R Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC (2024)
    85. [85]
      A clinic doctor transferring a patient as a coauthor of a case report: A preliminary study.Matsubara S The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research (2024)
    86. [86]
    87. [87]
      The "oldest and the newest of nurses": Nursing and the Professionalization of Obstetrics and Gynecology.Daxenbichler M Journal of the history of medicine and allied sciences (2024)
    88. [88]
      It takes one to know one-Machine learning for identifying OBGYN abstracts written by ChatGPT.Levin G, Meyer R, Guigue PA, Brezinov Y International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (2024)
    89. [89]
    90. [90]
      Taking the Express Lane: Student Attitudes Towards Tracking in Ob/Gyn Residency.Cai F, Santiago S, Southworth E, Stephenson-Famy A, Fay E, Wang EY et al. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    91. [91]
      An Assessment of Business of Medicine Knowledge in Obstetrics and Gynecology Fellows: A Pilot Study.Fischer NM, Handelsman R, Schointuch M, Vitez S, Szczupak A, Sanfilippo J Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology (2024)
    92. [92]
      Fellowship for Academic Generalists in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Is It Overdue?Abbate AM, Knittel AK, Haas DM, Moore Simas TA, Learman LA, Bienstock JL et al. Obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    93. [93]
    94. [94]
      Revisiting the evolution of the Hippocratic Oath in obstetrics and gynecology.Vintzileos AM, Mylonas IH American journal of obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    95. [95]
    96. [96]
      Access to general obstetrics and gynecology care among Medicaid beneficiaries and the privately insured: a nationwide mystery caller study in the USA.Kyllo HM, Bresnitz W, Bickner M, Matous MA, Mulenga NM, O'Brien EA et al. Minerva obstetrics and gynecology (2024)
    97. [97]
      Training in obstetrics and gynecology between reality and vision: results of a JAGO-NOGGO survey in 601 physicians (NOGGO-Monitor-12 trial).von Waldenfels G, Beck MH, Semmler J, Gerber A, Hennigs A, Vochem R et al. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics (2024)
    98. [98]
    99. [99]
      Certified Nurse-Midwives as Teachers: Expanding Interprofessional Collaboration Learning Opportunities for Medical Students on the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clerkship.Liang AC, Malone A, Kobernik EK, Holman E, Hammoud MM, Majszak C et al. Journal of midwifery & women's health (2024)
    100. [100]
      Inequities at the Transition to Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency.Morgan HK, Banks E, Gressel GM, Winkel AF, Hammoud MM, Akingbola B et al. Journal of surgical education (2024)

    HemoChat

    by SPINAI

    Evidence-based clinical decision support powered by SNOMED-CT, Neo4j GraphRAG, and NASS/AO/NICE guidelines.

    ⚕ For clinical reference only. Not a substitute for professional judgment.

    © 2026 HemoChat. All rights reserved.
    Research·Pricing·Privacy & Terms·Refund·SNOMED-CT · NASS · AO Spine · NICE · GraphRAG