Overview
Filoviridae are a family of RNA viruses that cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates 1. Diseases caused by Filoviridae, such as Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease, are zoonotic, meaning they can transmit between animals and humans 1.Diagnosis
Diagnosis is typically made through laboratory testing, including reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and virus isolation 1.
Clinical presentation can include fever, severe headache, muscle aches, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and unexplained hemorrhage 1.Management
There are no specific antiviral treatments approved for filoviral hemorrhagic fevers, and management is primarily supportive 1.
Supportive care includes fluid and electrolyte replacement, oxygen therapy, and management of symptoms such as pain and fever 1.
Experimental treatments, including monoclonal antibodies and antiviral drugs, are under investigation 1.Special Populations
No specific information regarding special populations (pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, comorbidities) was found in the provided abstracts.Key Recommendations
Early diagnosis and supportive care are critical for improving outcomes in patients with filoviral hemorrhagic fevers 1. (Evidence: Weak)
Public health measures, including contact tracing and isolation of infected individuals, are essential to control outbreaks 1. (Evidence: Weak)
Further research is needed to identify effective treatments and vaccines for filoviral diseases 1. (Evidence: Weak)References
1 Braam DH, Jephcott FL, Wood JLN. Identifying the research gap of zoonotic disease in displacement: a systematic review. Global health research and policy 2021. link