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Neurosurgery902 papers

Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) is characterized by narrowing of the spinal canal in the lumbar region, leading to nerve root compression and symptoms such as lower back pain, leg pain, and neurological deficits. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61

Diagnosis

Clinical Presentation: Lower extremity pain, neurogenic claudication, and intermittent numbness or weakness.

Imaging: MRI is preferred for detailed assessment of spinal canal narrowing and neural compression. 1 14 22 34

Grading Systems: Utilize grading systems like the Schober test and Meyerding classification for severity assessment. 1 14

Dynamic Imaging: Consider dynamic MRI to evaluate changes in spinal canal dimensions with flexion. 1

Management

Nonoperative: Physical therapy, weight management, and pain management with NSAIDs or muscle relaxants. 10 32

Surgical:

- Decompression: Laminectomy or laminotomy for neural decompression. - Stabilization Techniques: - Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (ALIF): Lower incidence of adjacent segment pathology compared to posterior fusion methods. 17 - Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF): Reduced incidence of radiologic adjacent segment pathology. 3 - Endoscopic Techniques: Minimally invasive options like Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic (UBE) fusion show promising clinical outcomes. 4 20 28 52

Preoperative Pregabalin: 150 mg or 300 mg dose may improve postoperative pain control. (Evidence: Moderate) 10

Special Populations

Elderly Patients: Consider minimally invasive techniques like endoscopic approaches to reduce surgical trauma and recovery time. 16 28 54

Comorbidities: Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores correlate with increased risk of pseudoarthrosis post-fusion. (Evidence: Moderate) 37

Vitamin D Levels: Lower preoperative vitamin D levels may correlate with poorer postoperative pain control and quality of life outcomes. 15

Key Recommendations

Primary Treatment: Consider nonoperative management initially, including physical therapy and pharmacological interventions for pain control. (Evidence: Moderate) 10 32

Surgical Indication: Proceed with surgical decompression and stabilization if conservative measures fail, favoring minimally invasive techniques like LLIF or endoscopic methods to minimize complications. (Evidence: Moderate) 3 4 20 28 52

Preoperative Pregabalin: Administer pregabalin preoperatively to potentially reduce postoperative pain. (Evidence: Moderate) 10

Monitor Comorbidities: Assess and manage comorbidities, particularly noting the impact of higher Charlson scores on fusion outcomes. (Evidence: Moderate) 37

Evaluate Vitamin D: Screen for and optimize vitamin D levels preoperatively to potentially improve postoperative outcomes. (Evidence: Moderate) 15

References

Showing 100 most recent of 520 indexed papers.

1 Baldo Clemot I, Briola C, Ekiri AB, Cappello R, Marinelly R, Brocal J et al.. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine in neutral and flexed position for presurgical assessment of clinically affected dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis. Veterinary surgery : VS 2026. link 2 Zhao W, Zheng S, Su Y, Yang X, Zhou C, Song Y. Revision surgical treatments and classification system for cage retropulsion in degenerative lumbar disease. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2026. link 3 Soh J, Ahn J, Lee JC, Song MG, Shin BJ. Minimally Invasive Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Shows a Lower Incidence of Radiologic Adjacent Segment Pathology Than Conventional Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion. Journal of Korean medical science 2026. link 4 Diao W, Feng X, Li Y, Gao J, Chen H, Li Q. Evaluation of three methods of coaxial endoscopic lumbar fusion for treating lumbar degenerative diseases: a retrospective cohort study. Neurosurgical review 2026. link 5 Liu M, Feng D, Yan X, Zhang M, Li Z. Clinical and biomechanical outcomes of single-position anterior fixation in anterior lumbar interbody fusion. BMC surgery 2026. link 6 Lv P, Li L, Cheng S, Bai J, Chang J. Advancements in unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion: a narrative review. European journal of medical research 2026. link 7 Rajkovic C, Koltenyuk V, Davidar AD, Sacknovitz A, Tracz J, Gopal A et al.. Infectious complications of stereotactic navigation in posterior or posterolateral thoracic and lumbar spinal fusion and posterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative spinal disease: an ACS-NSQIP study. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2026. link 8 Haddas R, Goheer H, Santangelo G, Yang PT, Rubery P, Rogerson A et al.. The role of the lower extremity on patient's cone of economy: an innovative approach. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2026. link 9 Liu C, Yang X, Yan X, Zhang Y, Long H. Does Dynesys Dynamic System Actually Prevent the Adjacent Segment Degeneration? Results of a Comparative Study with Average 6-Year Follow-Up. World neurosurgery 2026. link 10 Ruangchainikom M, Santipas B, Sanansilp V, Zinboonyahgoon N, Luksanapruksa P, Wilartratsami S. The Effect of Perioperative Pregabalin Administration in Postoperative Pain Control After Laminectomy and Instrumented Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Clinical spine surgery 2026. link 11 Yaltırık CK, Öndüç GG, Álvarez Noval MK, Etli MU, Sarıkaya C, Bakirezer SD et al.. Regulatory function of HSA-miR-186-5p on interleukin-2 expression in lumbar degenerative disc disease: a case-control study and subgroups analysis. Neurosurgical review 2026. link 12 Jiao W, Yin W, Cui X, Wang W, Cui Y, Sun X et al.. Innovative method for efficient placement of a working cannula in uniportal transarticular full-endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion: transarticular trephonic plasty (TTP). BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2026. link 13 Zhang Y, Ju J, Wu J. Uniportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of medical research 2026. link 14 Jiang Z, Zhu Y, Wang W, Li Z, Li Y, Zhang M. Evaluation of MRI-based synthetic CT for lumbar degenerative disease: a comparison with CT. Scientific reports 2025. link 15 Cui L, Zhou J, Qin Y, Yang Y, Yu Z, Chen X et al.. A study on the correlation between preoperative vitamin D levels and postoperative pain and quality of life in middle-aged and young patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences 2025. link 16 Wang C, Wang X, Gao F, Xu A, Jiang Y, Wang M. Effects of percutaneous large-channel spinal endoscopic decompression on stress response, lumbar stability, and disability index in elderly patients with single-segment degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Medicine 2025. link 17 Huang P, Ye B, Xie F, Zhou J, Tan Z, Luo Z et al.. Comparative analysis of anterior lumbar interbody fusion and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in clinical outcomes: ALIF associated with lower rates of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) in a long-term follow-up study. International orthopaedics 2025. link 18 Alhaug OK, Furunes H, Kaur S, Blomfeldt N, Dolatowski FC. Reliability of surgeon-reported MRI findings to a national spine register. Acta neurochirurgica 2025. link 19 Lin CH, Wu YJ, Chang CW, Tam KW, Loh EW. Unilateral versus bilateral pedicle screw fixation in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 2025. link 20 Feng X, Wang B, Ding J, Niu B, Muhetaer W, Yang H et al.. Unilateral biportal endoscopic versus microscopic discectomy in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: A prospective cohort study. Medicine 2025. link 21 Jacob A, Ion N, Bocea B, Zderic I, Gueorguiev B, Wirtz CR et al.. Loosening of stand-alone ALIF versus TLIF in degenerated lumbar human spines: an in vitro biomechanical study. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 22 Guven AE, Schönnagel L, Chiapparelli E, Camino-Willhuber G, Zhu J, Caffard T et al.. Relationship Between Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis and Multifidus Muscle Atrophy: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Spine 2025. link 23 Hu X, Yan L, Chai J, Zhao X, Liu H, Zhu J et al.. Comparison of the Outcomes of Endoscopic Posterolateral Interbody Fusion and Lateral Interbody Fusion in the Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Orthopaedic surgery 2025. link 24 Nong J, Li Z, Mu X, Jin J, Shi D, Li H et al.. Comparison of oblique lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation versus stress endplate augmentation and anterolateral screw fixation for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis in osteoporotic patients. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 25 Feng KK, Xiang XB, Li CP, Gao KY, Zhang WW, Nie ZY et al.. The biomechanical effects of treating double-segment lumbar degenerative diseases with unilateral fixation through interlaminar fenestration interbody fusion surgery: a three-dimensional finite element study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2025. link 26 Baig Mirza A, Khizar Khoja A, Naidu V, Ullah S, Plume J, Iyer PS et al.. Prognostic factors and surgical outcomes of foot drop secondary to lumbar degenerative disease: A systematic review and Individual patient data meta-analysis. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 27 Tuerxunyiming M, Wang X, Zhou S, Xu X, Zheng J, Guan M et al.. Surgical Invasiveness, Hidden Blood Loss, and Outcomes of 2 Endoscopic Lumbar Fusion Techniques for Degenerative Disease: A Comparative Study. World neurosurgery 2025. link 28 Wei WB, Dang SJ, Duan DP, Zhao W, Wei L. Comparison of clinical efficacy and surgeon's neck flexion time between unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar fusion versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar fusion in the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative diseases: a single center retrospective study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2025. link 29 Huang Y, He B, Zhao Z, Cheng Z, Yan L, Chang Z. Robot-Assisted vs Fluoroscopy-Guided Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases: A Comparative Study. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research 2025. link 30 Chen H, Ding Y, Wang X, Zhu L, Wu G, Hou C et al.. Comparison of Coflex dynamic stabilization with bacfuse static stabilization for lumbar degenerative disease. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2025. link 31 Hirose T, Ikuma H, Otsuka K, Kawasaki K. Advantages of Single-Position Surgery over Posterior Fusion for Single-Level Degenerative Lumbar Diseases. Acta medica Okayama 2025. link 32 Li K, Dzhumabekov A, Dyusembekov Y, Nurbakyt A, Glushkova N. The prevalence of depression in patients with lumbar degenerative disk disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one 2025. link 33 Chung NS, Lee HD, Jeon JM, Sunwoo J, Chung HW. Oblique lateral interbody fusion using angle-adjustable cage. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 34 Sun K, Zhou G, Jiang Z, Wang L, Wei G, Wang H. Initial Efficacy After Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Classified as Schizas Grade A to D. World neurosurgery 2025. link 35 Kim D, Jang HJ, Moon BJ, Kim KH, Kuh SU, Chin DK et al.. Expandable Cage in Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Comparative Data with Static Cage from a Single Institution and a Single Surgeon. World neurosurgery 2025. link 36 Yakdan S, Benedict B, Javeed S, K Zhang J, A Ruiz-Cardozo M, P Kelly M et al.. Utility of the psychache scale in patients undergoing surgery for degenerative lumbar disease: a prospective single-center study. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 37 Ekşi MŞ, Tanriverdi N, Topaloğlu F, Duymaz UC, Yeşilyurt SC, Bektaşoğlu PK et al.. Higher charlson comorbidity index score correlates with higher rate of pseudoarthrosis following short-segment lumbar fusion surgery. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 38 Wang S, Pan J, Zhuang X, Chang Z. Treatment of degenerative lumbar spine diseases with percutaneous PEEK rod and UBE: Four case reports. Medicine 2025. link 39 Liu L, Ma C, Jiang L, Chen L, Zhou X, Wang D. Early radiological adjacent segment changes following L4/5 fusion: a retrospective comparative study of oblique lateral interbody fusion and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. PeerJ 2025. link 40 Lou C, Hu Q, Lee KS, Ma H, Liu F, Yu W et al.. Comparison of Biportal Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (BE-TLIF) and Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF) for Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Disease: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study. World neurosurgery 2025. link 41 Huan Z, Lei L. Does incidental durotomy affect clinical outcome in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases after posterior open lumbar interbody fusion? a multicenter observational study. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2025. link 42 MacLean MA, Charest-Morin R, Stratton A, Singh S, Kelly AM, Pickett GE et al.. Gender differences in spine surgery for degenerative lumbar disease: prospective cohort study. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2025. link 43 Moghib K, Altalab G, Jader A, Ghanm TIE, Hijazy M, Tarawneh DY et al.. Comparison between spinal fusion vs. nonoperative treatment for lumbar degenerative pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurgical review 2025. link 44 Wang Y, Ai Y, Chen Q, Wang J, Ding H, Luo D et al.. Analysis of the correlation between ABO blood type and three bone mineral density measurements in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 45 Klukowska AM, Ciobanu-Caraus O, Germans MR, Vandertop WP, Schröder ML, Staartjes VE. Measurement properties of the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test in patients with lumbar degenerative disorders: COSMIN systematic review. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2025. link 46 Chen S, Xiong Y, Qiu Z, Feng N, Jiang G, Yang J et al.. Can Wallis topping-off surgery reduce radiographic adjacent segment degeneration? a single-center study with at least 8 years of long-term follow-up. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2025. link 47 Huang YT, Chen SH, Chen CY, Wang SM, Wu PY, Lai DM et al.. Evaluating Degenerative Lumbar Disease with Markerless 3D Motion Capture: Reliability and Validity in Sit-to-Stand Test. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2025. link 48 Zhang Z, Shao J, Su N, Li X, Fei Q, Yang Y et al.. The clinical efficacy of hybrid surgery based on the Waveflex semi-rigid dynamic internal fixation system for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: over three-year follow-up study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2025. link 49 Feng T, Zhao J, Li J, Wang Y, Wang L, Liu X. Clarifying the impact of spine-specific sarcopenia and generalized sarcopenia on clinical features in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2025. link 50 Deshpande V, Simpson E, Caballero J, Haddad C, Smith J, Gardner V. Cost-utility of lumbar interbody fusion surgery: a systematic review. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2025. link 51 Gong Y, Liu H, Zhou Z, Liang D, Jiang X, Cheng Z et al.. Comparison of clinical efficacy of modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (M-TLIF) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with bone cement-reinforced pedicle screws for osteoporosis combined with lumbar degenerative disease. European journal of medical research 2025. link 52 Huang Y, Chang Z, Wang S, He B. Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy or Minimally Invasive Surgery for Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion? A Comparative Cohort Study. World neurosurgery 2025. link 53 Chen Y, Jiang W, Ma X. The treatment of continuous double-level lumbar degenerated disease with PE-TLIF: A case report. Medicine 2025. link 54 Wang Z, Guo W, Yang W, Liu X, Liang S, Zhang J et al.. Mid-term efficacy of OLIF combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. Scientific reports 2025. link 55 Ham CH, Choi SJ, Kwon WK, Moon HJ, Kim JH, Park YK. Instrumented Facet Fusion in the Lumbosacral Spine: Long-Term Clinical and Radiographic Results. World neurosurgery 2025. link 56 Yuan X, Tao R, Zhu M, Zhu J. Comparative Efficacy of 3 Methods of Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases in a Tertiary Public Hospital. World neurosurgery 2025. link 57 Gao Y, Zhang S, Liu L, Li J, Wu H, Zhang F et al.. Analysis of the effect of modified bone grafting in lateral lumbar interbody fusion: A retrospective comparative cohort study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2025. link 58 Soh J, Roh YH, Lee JC, Kim DW, Shin BJ. Spontaneous facet fusion following lateral lumbar interbody fusion supplemented with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in degenerative lumbar disease. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 59 Zhu M, Shi M, Li S, Zheng W, Gao S, Jin S et al.. Relationship between global muscle atrophy and sagittal imbalance in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis: a study based on three-dimensional reconstruction. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 60 Deng C, Li X, Wu C, Xie W, Chen M. One-hole split endoscopy versus unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar degenerative disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and complications. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2025. link 61 Kou N, Zhang R, Liu F, Zhou H, Ren L. Efficacy and safety of lateral lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative diseases with or without auxiliary posterior fixation: a meta-analysis and systematic review. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2025. link 62 Xie Y, Yu Q, Wang W, Han Z, Chen Y, Ye X et al.. Comparison of learning curves and clinical efficacy of two endoscopic techniques for single segment lumbar degenerative disease. Scientific reports 2025. link 63 Qian M, Li R, Jiang W, Hua L, Zou Q, Jin C et al.. Correlation between perioperative glycemic variability and early postoperative functional recovery in elderly patients with lumbar degenerative disease: A prospective cohort study. Scientific reports 2025. link 64 Chen Y, Lei S, Lin W, Huang Y, Cheng P, Gu S et al.. Decompression with interbody fusion versus decompression alone for degenerative lumbar diseases: A meta-analysis. PloS one 2025. link 65 Wang S, Wang Y, Wang Z, Ai Y, Chen Q, Zhao Y et al.. Comparative analysis of the correlation between paraspinal muscles fat infiltration and vertebral bone quality in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 66 Ye B, Ma Y, Tu Z, Huang P, Yao Z, Wang Z et al.. Effect of vertebral rotation on adjacent segment degeneration after the early stage of lumbar fusion surgery. BMC surgery 2025. link 67 Zhang X, Yuan Q, Zhang Y, Gu Z, Li G. Comparison of mid-term outcomes between unilateral biportal endoscopic and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative disease. PloS one 2025. link 68 An B, Ren B, Liu Y, Liu Q, Liu C, Han Z et al.. Minimally Invasive Unilateral Pedicle Combined With Contralateral Translaminar Facet Joint Screw Fixation for Single-Segment Lumbar Degenerative Disease: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study. Spine 2025. link 69 Xie BL, Nie LZ, Zhong B, Xiong J, Nie M, Ai QX et al.. Longitudinal Trends in the Incidence of Hyperactive Delirium and Its Causes of Change After Surgery for Degenerative Lumbar Disease: A Population-Based Study of 7250 Surgical Patients Over 11 Years. Orthopaedic surgery 2025. link 70 Ciobanu-Caraus O, Grob A, Rohr J, Stumpo V, Ricciardi L, Maldaner N et al.. Sex Differences in Patient-Rated Outcomes After Lumbar Spinal Fusion for Degenerative Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study. Spine 2025. link 71 Duigou M, Terrier LM, Planty-Bonjour A, Destrieux C, Zemmoura I, François P et al.. Decompensation of degenerative lumbar stenosis: do patients need immediate surgery?. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 72 Zhou Y, Dai Y, Shen G, Si L, Wang K, Chen Y et al.. Meta-analysis of TiRobot-assisted lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar disease: a comprehensive evaluation of screw placement accuracy and clinical safety. Journal of robotic surgery 2025. link 73 Yang Y, Wang SJ, Luo T, Dong JW, Liu B, Zhang LM et al.. Uniportal versus unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis in elderly people: A retrospective study. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2025. link 74 Kitaori T, Ota M, Tamura J, Asada Y, Saji T, Ishibashi M et al.. "Risk factors for early-onset adjacent segment disease at L5-S1 segment after isolated L4-5 lumbar fusion surgery". European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 75 Dai Z, Yang H, Yan Y, Zhu S, Qian W. Differences in radiographic and clinical outcomes of different oblique lumbar interbody fusions for lumbar degenerative diseases: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Neurosurgical review 2025. link 76 Jacob CC, Eaton R, Ward J, Sette K, Wilson S, Weber MD et al.. 3D printed titanium banana interbody cages versus titanium-coated PEEK bullet cages for TLIF. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2025. link 77 Liu Y, Guan HP, Yu J, Li NH. How to prevent preoperative adjacent segment degeneration L5/S1 segment occuring postoperative adjacent segment disease? A retrospective study of risk factor analysis. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2025. link 78 Haddas R, Goheer HE, Wang C, Rubery P, Ramirez G, Puvanesarajah V. Characterizing gait abnormalities in patients with symptomatic lumbar degenerative disc disease. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 79 Hiyama A, Sakai D, Katoh H, Sato M, Watanabe M. Evaluating single-level vs. multi-level lateral lumbar interbody fusion: Clinical outcomes and complications. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 2025. link 80 Li X, Qu Y, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Peng B, Duo J. Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Lumbar Interbody Fusion versus Endoscopic Lumbar Interbody Fusion for the Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Diseases. World neurosurgery 2025. link 81 Huang YC, Liu PC, Lin HH, Wang ST, Su YP, Chou PH et al.. Risk prediction model of pedicle screw loosening within 2 years after decompression and instrumented fusion surgery for degenerative lumbar disease. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2025. link 82 Chen X, Xie J, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Shi L, Hu L. Unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion versus minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: a retrospective multicenter cohort study. PloS one 2025. link 83 Yang L, Wang B, Zang L, Du P, Yuan S, Fan N et al.. Full-endoscopic posterior lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: a technical note with 2-year follow-up. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2025. link 84 Khalid SI, Massaad E, Thomson K, Shin JH. Semaglutide exposure and its association with adverse outcomes in diabetic patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2025. link 85 Yue Y, Liu Y, Dong C, Wang Z. Comparative study of modified midline lumbar interbody fusion and modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative diseases. BMC surgery 2025. link 86 Sun H, Zhang Q, Xu K, Zhou Z, Jiang D, He S et al.. A retrospective study on safety and clinical outcomes of unilateral biportal endoscopic technique for spinal degenerative diseases. PeerJ 2025. link 87 Wang Y, Zhu C, Ai Y, Wang J, Wang L, Zhou C et al.. MRI-based endplate bone quality scores outperform vertebral bone quality scores in predicting adjacent segment disease following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 88 Song J, Wang F, Yu X, Ma Y, Xu L, Jiang G et al.. Effects of dynamic stabilization and fusion on postoperative paraspinal muscle degeneration and lumbar function recovery. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2025. link 89 Onishi FJ, de Vasconcelos VT. ALIF vs. posterior fusion for lumbar degenerative disease: comparable efficacy but elevated risk of severe complications-a systematic review and meta-analysis. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 90 Yu J, Zhang C, Zhou Y, Li C. Analysis of the association between lumbar paraspinal muscle atrophy, facet joint degeneration, and degenerative lumbar scoliosis. European journal of medical research 2025. link 91 Li CP, Feng KK, Xiang XB, Gao KY, Zhang WW, Nie ZY et al.. Clinical efficacy and quality of life in elderly patients with lumbar degenerative disease treated with TLIF combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation: a randomized controlled study. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2025. link 92 Chen Z, Pei F. Learning Curve of Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery: A Retrospective 2-Center Study. World neurosurgery 2024. link 93 Karaaslan A, Biber N, Özdemir B, Altaş K, Kaya E, Çifci ES et al.. Comparison posterior lumbar stabilization with dynamic rod system and rigid rod system for lumbar degenerative disease. Cirugia y cirujanos 2024. link 94 Duan Y, Feng D, Zou K, Yang F, Chen R, Huang Y. The Relationship Between Modic Changes and Endplate Sclerosis in Patients with Lumbar Degenerative Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. World neurosurgery 2024. link 95 Lei Y, Chen J, Liu Z, Luo M, Yang Y, Liang C et al.. Effect of Lateral Surgery Compared with Posterior Surgery on Lumbar Degenerative Disease: A Meta-Analysis of 41 Cohort Studies. World neurosurgery 2024. link 96 Staartjes VE, Klukowska AM, Stumpo V, Vandertop WP, Schröder ML. Identifying clusters of objective functional impairment in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal disease using unsupervised learning. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2024. link 97 Sato K, Iwabuchi M, Endo T, Miura T, Ito T, Shirado O. Association between acute pain trajectory and patient-reported outcomes at 6-months following lumbar surgery for patients with lumbar degenerative disease. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2024. link 98 Hiyama A, Sakai D, Katoh H, Sato M, Watanabe M. The Role of Cage Placement Angle in Optimizing Short-Term Clinical Outcomes in Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion. World neurosurgery 2024. link 99 Şerifoğlu L, Yılmaz SG, Karaaslanlı A, Düzkalır AH, Etli MU, Özdoğan S. Association of TaqI (rs731236) Polymorphism of Vitamin D Receptor Gene with Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease. World neurosurgery 2024. link 100 Zhou Y, Zhou C, Li Q, Cai L, Kou B, Fang W et al.. Efficacy of PE-PLIF with a novel ULBD approach for lumbar degeneration diseases: a large-channel endoscopic retrospective study. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2024. link

Original source

[1]
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine in neutral and flexed position for presurgical assessment of clinically affected dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis. — Baldo Clemot I, Briola C, Ekiri AB, Cappello R, Marinelly R, Brocal J et al. Veterinary surgery : VS (2026)
[2]
Revision surgical treatments and classification system for cage retropulsion in degenerative lumbar disease. — Zhao W, Zheng S, Su Y, Yang X, Zhou C, Song Y BMC musculoskeletal disorders (2026)
[3]
Minimally Invasive Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Shows a Lower Incidence of Radiologic Adjacent Segment Pathology Than Conventional Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion. — Soh J, Ahn J, Lee JC, Song MG, Shin BJ Journal of Korean medical science (2026)
[4]
Evaluation of three methods of coaxial endoscopic lumbar fusion for treating lumbar degenerative diseases: a retrospective cohort study. — Diao W, Feng X, Li Y, Gao J, Chen H, Li Q Neurosurgical review (2026)
[5]
Clinical and biomechanical outcomes of single-position anterior fixation in anterior lumbar interbody fusion. — Liu M, Feng D, Yan X, Zhang M, Li Z BMC surgery (2026)
[6]
Advancements in unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion: a narrative review. — Lv P, Li L, Cheng S, Bai J, Chang J European journal of medical research (2026)
[7]
Infectious complications of stereotactic navigation in posterior or posterolateral thoracic and lumbar spinal fusion and posterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative spinal disease: an ACS-NSQIP study. — Rajkovic C, Koltenyuk V, Davidar AD, Sacknovitz A, Tracz J, Gopal A et al. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society (2026)
[8]
The role of the lower extremity on patient's cone of economy: an innovative approach. — Haddas R, Goheer H, Santangelo G, Yang PT, Rubery P, Rogerson A et al. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society (2026)
[9]
Does Dynesys Dynamic System Actually Prevent the Adjacent Segment Degeneration? Results of a Comparative Study with Average 6-Year Follow-Up. — Liu C, Yang X, Yan X, Zhang Y, Long H World neurosurgery (2026)
[10]
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