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Emergency Medicine5 papers

Open fracture of hyoid bone

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Hyoid bone fractures are uncommon injuries typically resulting from strangulation, neck trauma, or motor vehicle accidents. They often present with dysphagia, odynophagia, and neck pain or tenderness 1.

Diagnosis

  • Key Symptoms: Dysphagia, odynophagia, neck pain, and tenderness 1.
  • Signs: Anterior neck swelling and tenderness 1.
  • Diagnostic Imaging: CT and MRI are crucial for confirming the diagnosis 1.
  • Initial Misses: Can be misdiagnosed as other conditions, such as mandibular dislocation 2.
  • Management

  • Surgical Intervention: Indicated in displaced or unstable fractures 1.
  • Conservative Treatment: For stable fractures, immobilization and pain management are common 1.
  • Pain Management: Analgesics (specific drug classes/doses not detailed in abstracts) 1.
  • Nutritional Support: Ensuring adequate nutrition due to potential dysphagia 1.
  • Special Populations

  • No Specific Guidance: Abstracts do not provide detailed management for pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or specific comorbidities 12.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Imaging Confirmation: Use CT or MRI to definitively diagnose hyoid bone fractures (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Surgical vs Conservative: Consider surgical intervention for displaced or unstable fractures, while stable fractures may be managed conservatively (Evidence: Weak 1).
  • Symptom Management: Address dysphagia and pain aggressively with appropriate analgesics and nutritional support (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • References

    1 Ramchand T, Choudhry OJ, Shukla PA, Tomovic S, Kuperan AB, Eloy JA. Management of hyoid bone fractures: a systematic review. Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2012. link 2 David S, Corrigan AM. Fracture of the hyoid bone presenting as a dislocated mandible. Dento maxillo facial radiology 1989. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Management of hyoid bone fractures: a systematic review.Ramchand T, Choudhry OJ, Shukla PA, Tomovic S, Kuperan AB, Eloy JA Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (2012)
    2. [2]
      Fracture of the hyoid bone presenting as a dislocated mandible.David S, Corrigan AM Dento maxillo facial radiology (1989)

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