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Anesthesiology6352 papers

Gastrointestinal complications of care

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Gastrointestinal complications of care encompass a range of adverse events that can occur during and after gastrointestinal procedures, including hypoxemia, dizziness, and postoperative infections, impacting patient safety and recovery outcomes.

Diagnosis

  • Key Symptoms: Hypoxemia, dizziness, postoperative infections, and nutritional deficiencies 115162029.
  • Recommended Tests: Blood tests for nutritional markers (e.g., geriatric nutritional risk index), imaging for complications, and monitoring respiratory status 82930.
  • Grading: Severity often assessed based on clinical presentation and impact on patient recovery 129.
  • Management

  • First-Line Treatments:
  • - Hypoxemia Prevention: Use of nasal clips combined with nasal cannulas, high flow nasal oxygen, and capnographic monitoring 15666755. - Sedation Management: Intravenous dextrose during emergence from sedation to reduce dizziness 1, multimodal analgesia including esketamine or remimazolam to minimize hypoxia and hypotension 1816.
  • Adjunctive Treatments:
  • - Nutritional Support: Early oral feeding post-surgery, monitoring immune-nutritional indicators 1030. - Infection Prevention: Antibiotic prophylaxis for specific procedures like third molar extraction, though efficacy varies 25.

    Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: Limited specific guidance; focus on minimizing trauma and optimizing nutritional status 440.
  • Pediatrics: Not extensively covered in abstracts; emphasis on safe sedation practices and monitoring 15.
  • Elderly: Geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) predictive of postoperative outcomes; careful monitoring of complications 829.
  • Comorbidities: Special attention to nutritional status and perioperative management to prevent complications 829.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Implement Capnographic Monitoring to detect early changes in ventilation status during gastrointestinal endoscopy under sedation to reduce hypoxia incidence 55 (Evidence: Strong).
  • Use Intravenous Dextrose during emergence from sedation to mitigate postprocedural dizziness in adults undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy 1 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Consider High Flow Nasal Oxygen over conventional oxygen therapy to prevent hypoxemia during gastrointestinal endoscopy with conscious sedation 67 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Monitor Immune-Nutritional Indicators preoperatively in older patients to predict short-term mortality after emergency gastrointestinal surgery 8 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • Utilize Multimodal Analgesia including agents like esketamine to reduce hypoxia and shorten recovery time during sedated procedures 1816 (Evidence: Moderate).
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 471 indexed papers.

    1 Wang L, Cheng L, Jiang Y, Qin S, Liu Y, Liu Y et al.. Intravenous dextrose during emergence from deep sedation reduces postprocedural dizziness in adults undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy: a randomized controlled trial. Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2026. link 2 Montredon C, Marchal M, Poupon-Bourdy S, Garnier-Crussard A, Tripoz-Dit-Masson S, Goubet V et al.. Implementing meaningful activity facilitators to prevent hospital-acquired complications in French geriatric short-stay wards: A qualitative analysis of the context and stakeholder representations. Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) 2026. link 3 van de Wijgert IH, Fenten MGE, Rood A, van Boekel RLM, van Hooff ML, Vissers KCP. Erector Spinae Plane Block in Multimodal Analgesia After Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Anesthesia and analgesia 2026. link 4 Kofman YB, Cha L, Dunkel Schetter C, Sumner JA. The Impact of Potentially Traumatic Perinatal Complications on Postpartum Psychological Distress and Cardiometabolic Risk: Implications for Women's Heart Health. Biopsychosocial science and medicine 2026. link 5 Post W. A Concept Analysis on Failure to Rescue in Maternal Health: Implications for Practice and Policy. Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) 2025. link 6 Sarma D, Rali AS, Jentzer JC. Key Concepts in Machine Learning and Clinical Applications in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit. Current cardiology reports 2025. link 7 Heidepriem KW. Medical Malpractice Epidemiology: Adults and Pediatrics. Emergency medicine clinics of North America 2025. link 8 Jin Z, Yang T, Wang Z. Immune-nutritional indicators predict short-term mortality in older patients after emergency gastrointestinal surgery: a retrospective study. BMC gastroenterology 2025. link 9 Parajulee A, Souraya A, Humber N, Ebert S, Williams K, Skinner T et al.. Quality indicators for rural surgical and obstetrical care: A modified Delphi consensus study. PloS one 2025. link 10 Kalata M, Jones A, Pak A, Zeineddine S. Addressing Racial Disparities in Maternal Health Through an Anti-Racism Grand Rounds Curriculum. Journal of health care for the poor and underserved 2025. link 11 Gelaw TT, Getahun MA, Bayih AM, Hailu KG, Tadesse GA, Adamu GL et al.. The impact of civil unrest on child health care: Evidenced by acute medical complications at presentation - A retrospective comparative study. PloS one 2025. link 12 Foster J, Aakalu VK, Freitag SK, McCulley TJ, Tao JP, Vagefi MR et al.. Vision-Threatening Complications of Soft Tissue Fillers: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology 2025. link 13 McKnight G, Daoud HA, Friebel R, Hargest R. Training needs analysis of surgical teams in Somaliland. The British journal of surgery 2025. link 14 Hensman T, Otto M, Bellomo R. Future Directions in Sedation and Analgesia. Critical care clinics 2025. link 15 Lu R, Xiang H, Zhu M, Cao Y, Shao X, Yu G et al.. Efficacy of nasal clips combined with nasal cannulas in preventing hypoxemia during gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation: a randomized controlled trial. BMC anesthesiology 2025. link 16 Zou HD, Luo C, Hu ZL, Zhou P, Luo RY. Combined Use of Remimazolam and Ciprofol Reduces Hypoxemia and Shortens Recovery Time During Sedated Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Drug design, development and therapy 2025. link 17 Zhang Y, Shi M, Qu Y, Cheng X, Zhang J, Guo S et al.. Efficacy and safety of the COMBO endoscopy oropharyngeal airway in gastrointestinal endoscopy: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Trials 2025. link 18 Li TT, He XL, Tang HL, Li QJ, Lian SR, Wang X. Esketamine versus sufentanil as analgesics for sedation during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Trials 2025. link 19 Rudisill SS, Massel DH, Hornung AL, Kia C, Patel K, Aboushaala K et al.. Is ABO blood type a risk factor for adjacent segment degeneration after lumbar spine fusion?. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 20 Borgemenke S, Newsom D, Scheatzle P, Durstock N, Beverly EA. Modeling the importance of physician training in practice location for Ohio otolaryngologists. Journal of osteopathic medicine 2025. link 21 Glassman SD, Carreon LY, Djurasovic M, Chappell D, Saasouh W, Daniels CL et al.. Intraoperative Hypotension Is an Important Modifiable Risk Factor for Major Complications in Spinal Fusion Surgery. Spine 2025. link 22 Dramowski A, Erasmus L, Fataar A, Cotton MF, Whitelaw AC, Coffin S et al.. Impact of a care bundle on short peripheral catheter-associated complications in a resource-limited neonatal unit. 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Progress in cardiovascular diseases 2024. link 27 Suhail FK, Luo Y, Williams K, Advani R, Campbell K, Dunleavy K et al.. Sex differences impact ergonomic endoscopic training for gastroenterology fellows. Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2024. link 28 Gimpaya N, Tran WT, Grover SC. Ergonomic wellness for the trainee in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Current opinion in gastroenterology 2024. link 29 Takano Y, Kobayashi Y, Kudo T, Takahashi S, Kanno H, Hanyu N. The role of geriatric nutritional risk index as a predictor for postoperative outcomes in gastrointestinal emergencies. World journal of surgery 2024. link 30 Akanbi OO, Oguntola AS, Adeoti ML, Olaogun JG, Idris OL, Fadiora SO. Early Versus Delayed Oral Feeding in Emergency Gastrointestinal Surgeries. West African journal of medicine 2024. link 31 Hubble T, Huseyin A, Kersey J, Bath MF, Nair M. Impact of intra-abdominal drains in emergency gastrointestinal surgery: a scoping review. 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