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Angioneurotic edema of larynx

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Angioneurotic edema of the larynx, also known as laryngeal edema, involves rapid swelling of the laryngeal tissues, potentially leading to airway obstruction and respiratory distress. 1

Diagnosis

  • Rapid onset of hoarseness, stridor, and dysphagia
  • Physical examination revealing laryngeal tenderness and swelling
  • Laryngoscopy to visualize edema and assess airway patency
  • Exclusion of other causes such as allergic reactions, trauma, or malignancy 1

    • Management

  • First-line: Immediate administration of epinephrine (0.3-0.5 mg intramuscularly) for acute airway compromise 1
  • Adjunctive treatments:
    • - Intravenous corticosteroids (e.g., methylprednisolone 125 mg) to reduce inflammation 1 - Antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine) for allergic reactions, if applicable 1 - Maintenance of airway patency with intubation or tracheostomy if necessary 1

    Special Populations

  • Oral thiamine exposure: Caution in patients receiving oral thiamine, as rare cases of laryngeal edema have been reported 1

    • Key Recommendations

  • Initiate emergency airway management with epinephrine for suspected laryngeal edema (Evidence: Weak) 1
  • Administer intravenous corticosteroids to manage inflammation (Evidence: Weak) 1
  • Consider antihistamines in cases where an allergic mechanism is suspected (Evidence: Weak) 1

    • References

    1 Osman M, Casey P. Angioneurotic oedema secondary to oral thiamine. BMJ case reports 2013. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Angioneurotic oedema secondary to oral thiamine. — Osman M, Casey P BMJ case reports (2013)
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