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Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis, also known as recurrent summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis, is an immune-mediated lung disorder triggered by environmental exposures, typically during warmer months, leading to acute or subacute respiratory symptoms including cough, dyspnea, and hypoxemia 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical history of seasonal exacerbations is crucial 1.
  • Chest imaging often reveals bilateral interstitial infiltrates 1.
  • Bronchoalveolar lavage may show lymphocytosis 1.
  • Serological tests for specific precipitants can be supportive but are not definitive 1.
  • Exclude other causes of interstitial lung disease through comprehensive evaluation 1.

    • Management

  • Corticosteroids remain the first-line treatment, often initiating with high-dose oral prednisone followed by tapering 1.
  • Immunosuppressive agents like azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil may be considered for refractory cases 1.
  • Avoidance of identified environmental triggers is essential 1.
  • Pulmonary rehabilitation can support functional recovery 1.
  • Close monitoring for side effects of immunosuppressive therapy is necessary 1.

    • Special Populations

  • Limited data available in abstracts for specific management adjustments in pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbid conditions 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Initiate high-dose corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis (Evidence: Strong 1).
  • Consider immunosuppressive therapy for patients not responding to corticosteroids (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Implement environmental trigger avoidance strategies in all patients (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).

    • References

    1 Bone AJ, Houck KA. Primary Cell Phenotypic Screening Illuminates ADRs and AOPs. Cell chemical biology 2017. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Primary Cell Phenotypic Screening Illuminates ADRs and AOPs. — Bone AJ, Houck KA Cell chemical biology (2017)
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