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Cardiology23 papers

Hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Alexithymia is a personality characteristic defined by difficulty identifying and expressing emotions. It has been associated with an increased risk of hypertension 1.

Diagnosis

  • A greater prevalence of alexithymia has been observed in individuals with hypertension compared to those without 1.
  • Studies have shown a higher prevalence of alexithymia in people with HTN (26.3%) versus those without HTN (15.0%) 1.
  • Management

  • No specific management strategies for hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter were discussed in the provided abstracts.
  • Special Populations

  • No significant relationship was detected between alexithymia prevalence and sex or age in individuals with hypertension 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Consider the association between alexithymia and hypertension, as alexithymia may contribute to the onset and persistence of hypertensive symptomatology 1. (Evidence: Moderate)
  • Future research is needed to clarify the association between alexithymia and hypertension 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
  • References

    1 Di Tella M, Benfante A, Airale L, Castelli L, Milan A. Alexithymia and Hypertension: Does Personality Matter? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Current cardiology reports 2023. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Alexithymia and Hypertension: Does Personality Matter? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Di Tella M, Benfante A, Airale L, Castelli L, Milan A Current cardiology reports (2023)

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