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Infectious Disease14 papers

Cutaneous complication of BCG immunization

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is administered to over 100 million children annually worldwide. While its effectiveness in preventing tuberculosis (TB) is debated, particularly in older individuals, it remains a common immunization.

Diagnosis

Management

Special Populations

Key Recommendations

  • BCG vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of developing tuberculosis throughout the lifespan 1.
  • The effectiveness of BCG vaccination in preventing tuberculosis and death varies by age, with less protection observed in older children and adults 1.

    • References

    1 Martinez L, Cords O, Liu Q, Acuna-Villaorduna C, Bonnet M, Fox GJ et al.. Infant BCG vaccination and risk of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis throughout the life course: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. The Lancet. Global health 2022. link00283-2)

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Infant BCG vaccination and risk of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis throughout the life course: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. — Martinez L, Cords O, Liu Q, Acuna-Villaorduna C, Bonnet M, Fox GJ et al. The Lancet. Global health (2022)
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