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Emergency Medicine70 papers

Osteoarthritis of first metatarsophalangeal joint

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) involves degenerative changes leading to pain, stiffness, and functional limitations in the forefoot, commonly affecting gait and daily activities 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical history and physical examination focusing on pain, swelling, and limited range of motion 1.
  • Radiographic imaging (X-rays) to assess joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and subchondral bone changes 1.
  • Grading systems like the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale for severity assessment 1.
  • Management

  • First-line treatments:
  • - Conservative management including footwear modifications, orthotics, and weight management 1. - Physical therapy focusing on strengthening and flexibility exercises 1.
  • Adjunctive treatments:
  • - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief 1. - Intra-articular corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and pain 1.

    Special Populations

  • No specific guidance provided for pregnancy, pediatrics, elderly, or comorbidities related to first MTPJ osteoarthritis in the given abstracts 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Utilize conservative management strategies including physical therapy and footwear modifications as initial treatment approaches (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Consider intra-articular corticosteroid injections for symptomatic relief in refractory cases (Evidence: Weak 1).
  • Radiographic assessment with X-rays is essential for grading disease severity and guiding treatment decisions (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • References

    1 Capobianco CM. Surgical treatment approaches to second metatarsophalangeal joint pathology. Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery 2012. link 2 Pavlovich LJ, Cox MJ, Thacker JG, Edlich RF. Ease of donning surgical gloves: an important consideration in glove selection. The Journal of emergency medicine 1995. link00017-5)

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Surgical treatment approaches to second metatarsophalangeal joint pathology.Capobianco CM Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery (2012)
    2. [2]
      Ease of donning surgical gloves: an important consideration in glove selection.Pavlovich LJ, Cox MJ, Thacker JG, Edlich RF The Journal of emergency medicine (1995)

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