Acute Chagas' disease

Overview

Diagnosis

Management

Special Populations

Key Recommendations

References

Showing 100 most recent of 480 indexed papers.

1 Martins SM, Macedo CT, Meira CS, Paim Santos LH, Larocca TF, Cavalcanti da Silva FF et al.. Prospective cohort study of TIMP-1 and myocardial fibrosis in Chagas disease at a reference clinic in Pernambuco, Brazil: PTICH trial protocol. BMJ open 2026. link 2 Romero-Acero LM, Mangalesh S, Nanna M, Medina-Mur R, Manrique Espinel FT, Libreros RC et al.. Echocardiographic Strain Analysis Compared With Assessment of Fibrosis by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in the Evaluation of Chagas Cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2026. link 3 Caplan H, Johnson T, Mysore M. A Case of Sudden Cardiac Arrest Due to Chagas Disease: Management and Decision for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2026. link 4 Cardozo ME, Cirilo TM, Souza JLN, Rihs JBDR, Duval IB, Oliveira FBR et al.. IL-33/ST2 Signaling Protects the Heart by Restraining Inflammation and Parasite Burden during . ACS infectious diseases 2026. link 5 Hosannah da Silva E Silva MR, de Sousa DRT, Ortiz JV, Monteiro MM, Brandão ARJ, Silva E Silva MR et al.. Evaluation of the autonomic nervous system in autochthonous patients from Amazon with acute Chagas disease treated with benznidazole. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2026. link 6 Choudhuri S, Garg NJ. Hypercoagulability and vascular proinflammatory activation promote cardiac-cerebral fibrinogenesis in a rodent model of Chagas disease. Emerging microbes & infections 2026. link 7 Soares ISB, Câmara E, Barral-Netto M, Quintero CR, Carvalho BG, Bulhões F et al.. Serum cytokines and tissue doppler imaging as markers of prognosis of chronic myocarditis due to chagas disease. The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases 2026. link 8 Bestetti RB, Cardinalli-Neto A, Otaviano AP, Machado MN, Pavarino PR, Nakazone MA. Non-dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy in patients with chronic Chagas disease and heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. ESC heart failure 2026. link 9 Souza-Silva TG, Figueiredo A, Morais KLP, Apostólico J, Pantaleao A, Mutarelli A et al.. Single-Cell Targeted Transcriptomics Reveals Subset-Specific Immune Signatures Differentiating Asymptomatic and Cardiac Patients With Chronic Chagas Disease. The Journal of infectious diseases 2025. link 10 Zelachowski KA, Collins S, Henderson M, Auckland LD, Lim S, Jeffery ND et al.. Electrocardiographic abnormalities are associated with seropositive Trypanosoma cruzi infection status using a simplified cardiac diagnostic evaluation in dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2025. link 11 Minhas AMK, Marcus R, Virani SS, Shapiro MD, Mentz RJ, Echeverria LE et al.. Worldwide prevalence of chagas cardiomyopathy-an analysis from the global burden of disease dataset. Infection 2025. link 12 Gonçalves OR, Dominici S, Monteiro JDS, Weba ETP, Hong A, Santos AB et al.. Stratifying clinically relevant risk factors for acute ischemic stroke and cerebrovascular events in chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-Analysis. Current problems in cardiology 2025. link 13 Lira MTSS, Furquim SR, Marchi DC, Maciel PC, Dantas RCT, Biselli B et al.. Left ventricular reverse remodeling: A predictor of survival in chagasic cardiomyopathy patients with a reduced ejection fraction. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2025. link 14 Maciel BC, Gallo-Jr L, Schmidt A, Marin-Neto JA. II - Evaluation of Autonomic Control of Heart Rate in Various Clinical Conditions. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 2025. link 15 Cunha DMD, Mediano MFF, Rimolo LDSM, da Costa AR, Diogo DB, Sangenis LHC et al.. Predictors of Incident Heart Failure in Patients With Chronic Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2025. link 16 Serrano CJ, Lisbôa-Marques ME, Cerqueira-Silva T, B Santos LS, Oliveira MA, Ferreira Felix I et al.. Cognitive impairment in Chagas disease patients in Brazil, 2007-2021: A cross-sectional study. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2025. link 17 Gadioli LP, Schmidt A, Maciel BC, Volpe GJ, Simões MV, Marin-Neto JA. Chagas Cardiomyopathy and Myocardial Sympathetic Denervation. Current cardiology reports 2024. link 18 França EB, Ishitani LH, Carneiro M, Machado IE, Nascimento BR, Martins-Melo FR et al.. Chagas disease deaths detected among garbage codes registered in mortality statistics in Brazil: a study from the buRden of ChAgas dISEase in the contemporary world (RAISE) project. Public health 2024. link 19 de Melo ES, de Paiva Bezerra R, de Holanda AC, Lira E Silva MJ, Travassos PP, da Silva TFL et al.. Chagas disease stroke and associated risk factors: A case-control study. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association 2024. link 20 Pinto Diniz C, Felix Mediano MF, Rodrigues Junior LF, Mendes FSNS, Magalhães Saraiva R, Horta Veloso H et al.. Inspiratory muscle endurance is similarly reduced in the early and late stages of chronic Chagas heart disease. Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH 2024. link 21 Viana AMN, Vieira MC, Mazzoli-Rocha F, Silva RS, Frota AX, Costa HS et al.. Comparative effects of a cardiovascular rehabilitation program on functional capacity in patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy with or without heart failure. Disability and rehabilitation 2023. link 22 Ambrosio LF, Volpini X, Quiroz JN, Brugo MB, Knubel CP, Herrera MR et al.. Association between altered tryptophan metabolism, plasma aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists, and inflammatory Chagas disease. Frontiers in immunology 2023. link 23 Bocchi EA, Veiga Guimarães G, Espinoza Romero C, Sato PK, de Freitas VLT, Yamashiro Kanashiro EH et al.. Assessment of biomarkers and clinical parameters as predictors of survival in patients with chagasic heart failure. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2023. link 24 Ralston K, Zaidel E, Acquatella H, Barbosa MM, Narula J, Nakagama Y et al.. WHF Recommendations for the Use of Echocardiography in Chagas Disease. Global heart 2023. link 25 Paiva AM, Reis GBB, Perillo PHÁ, Souza DHS, Oliveira EC, Rezende Filho J. PREVALENCE OF COMORBIDITIES IN PATIENTS WITH CHAGASIC MEGAESOPHAGUS. Arquivos de gastroenterologia 2023. link 26 Jimenez A, Winokur EJ. Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy. Dimensions of critical care nursing : DCCN 2023. link 27 Andrade MV, Noronha KVMS, de Souza A, Motta-Santos AS, Braga PEF, Bracarense H et al.. The economic burden of Chagas disease: A systematic review. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2023. link 28 González NL, Moscatelli G, Moroni S, Ballering G, Jurado L, Falk N et al.. Long-term cardiology outcomes in children after early treatment for Chagas disease, an observational study. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2022. link 29 Hamilton MM, Sciaudone M, Chang PP, Bowman NM, Andermann TM, Bartelt LA et al.. Unexpected case of chagas disease reactivation in endomyocardial biopsy for evaluation of cardiac allograft rejection. Cardiovascular pathology : the official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology 2022. link 30 Almeida GG, Rimkute I, do Vale INPC, Liechti T, Henriques PM, Roffe E et al.. Chagasic cardiomyopathy is marked by a unique signature of activated CD4. Journal of translational medicine 2022. link 31 Olivo Freites C, Sy H, Gharamti A, Higuita NIA, Franco-Paredes C, Suárez JA et al.. Chronic Chagas Disease-the Potential Role of Reinfections in Cardiomyopathy Pathogenesis. Current heart failure reports 2022. link 32 Figueiredo CS, de Melo RMV, Viana TT, de Jesus AGQ, da Silva TC, da Silva VM et al.. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics after six months of sacubitril/valsartan in Chagas heart disease - A case series. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2022. link 33 Araujo-Jorge TC, Rivera MT, Vanderpas J, Garzoni LR, Carvalho ACC, Waghabi MC et al.. Selenium, TGF-Beta and Infectious Endemic Cardiopathy: Lessons from Benchwork to Clinical Application in Chagas Disease. Biomolecules 2022. link 34 Díaz ML, Burgess K, Burchmore R, Gómez MA, Gómez-Ochoa SA, Echeverría LE et al.. Metabolomic Profiling of End-Stage Heart Failure Secondary to Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy. International journal of molecular sciences 2022. link 35 Lage TAR, Tupinambás JT, Pádua LB, Ferreira MO, Ferreira AC, Teixeira AL et al.. Stroke in Chagas disease: from pathophysiology to clinical practice. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2022. link 36 Vieira MC, Mendes FSNS, Mazzoli-Rocha F, Silva RS, Viana AMN, Frota AX et al.. Factors related to the discontinuation and mortality rates of a cardiac rehabilitation programme in patients with Chagas disease: a 6-year experience in a Brazilian tertiary centre. Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH 2021. link 37 Echavarría NG, Echeverría LE, Stewart M, Gallego C, Saldarriaga C. Chagas Disease: Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy. Current problems in cardiology 2021. link 38 Borges JP, Mendes FSNS, Rangel MVDS, Lopes GO, da Silva GMS, da Silva PS et al.. Exercise training improves microvascular function in patients with Chagas heart disease: Data from the PEACH study. Microvascular research 2021. link 39 Hernández M, Wicz S, Pérez Caballero E, Santamaría MH, Corral RS. Dual chemotherapy with benznidazole at suboptimal dose plus curcumin nanoparticles mitigates Trypanosoma cruzi-elicited chronic cardiomyopathy. Parasitology international 2021. link 40 Silva MC, da Silva Medina T, Fuzo CA, Dias FC, Freitas-Castro F, Fukutani KF et al.. Polymorphism in the catalytic subunit of the PI3Kγ gene is associated with Trypanosoma cruzi-induced chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 2021. link 41 Mangano VD, Prato M, Marvelli A, Moscato G, Bruschi F. Screening of at-risk blood donors for Chagas disease in non-endemic countries: Lessons from a 2-year experience in Tuscany, Italy. Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) 2021. link 42 de Oliveira Vieira A, Nascentes GAN, de Morais Oliveira AC, Correia D, Cabrine-Santos M. Biomarkers assessment in patients with Chagas disease and systemic arterial hypertension. Parasitology research 2021. link 43 Wang Y, Wessel N, Kohse F, Khan A, Schultheiss HP, Moreira MDCV et al.. Measurement of multiple cytokines for discrimination and risk stratification in patients with Chagas' disease and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021. link 44 Issa VS, Ayub-Ferreira SM, Schroyens M, Chizzola PR, Soares PR, Lage SHG et al.. The course of patients with Chagas heart disease during episodes of decompensated heart failure. ESC heart failure 2021. link 45 Rodeles LM, Castro M, Zamora MAG, Savarino R, Peverengo LM, Prochetto ES et al.. Increased epicardial adipose tissue thickness associated with increased metabolic risk and the presence of heart failure in patients with Chronic Chagas disease. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2021. link 46 Garcia KO, Silva TC, Nunes MCP, Felix IF, Oliveira MA, Marques MEL et al.. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Is Increased in Chagasic Cardiomyopathy. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2021. link 47 Velasco A, Morillo CA. Chagas heart disease: A contemporary review. Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology 2020. link 48 Barizon GC, Simões MV, Schmidt A, Gadioli LP, Murta Junior LO. Relationship between microvascular changes, autonomic denervation, and myocardial fibrosis in Chagas cardiomyopathy: Evaluation by MRI and SPECT imaging. Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology 2020. link 49 Pérez-Antón E, Egui A, Thomas MC, Simón M, Segovia M, López MC. Immunological exhaustion and functional profile of CD8. Acta tropica 2020. link 50 Bizai ML, Romina P, Antonela S, Olivera LV, Arias EE, Josefina DC et al.. Geographic distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi genotypes detected in chronic infected people from Argentina. Association with climatic variables and clinical manifestations of Chagas disease. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 2020. link 51 Benvenuti LA, Roggério A, Nishiya AS, Mangini S, Levi JE. Sequential measurement of Trypanosoma cruzi parasitic load in endomyocardial biopsies for early detection and follow-up of Chagas disease reactivation after heart transplantation. Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society 2020. link 52 Santos É, Menezes Falcão L. Chagas cardiomyopathy and heart failure: From epidemiology to treatment. Revista portuguesa de cardiologia 2020. link 53 de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes F, Mediano MFF, de Castro E Souza FC, da Silva PS, Carneiro FM, de Holanda MT et al.. Effect of Physical Exercise Training in Patients With Chagas Heart Disease (from the PEACH STUDY). The American journal of cardiology 2020. link 54 Cianciulli TF, Saccheri MC, Papantoniou A, Prado NG, Riarte AR, Méndez RJ et al.. Clinical significance of tissue Doppler imaging in chronic Chagas disease. Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2020. link 55 Costa GC, Rocha MODC, Souza PEA, Melo DFS, Moreira PR, Gollob KJ et al.. CD14 genotype and functional dichotomy of CD14+ and CD14- cells are associated with activated immune response and development of Chagas dilated cardiomyopathy. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 2020. link 56 Alves SMM, Alvarado-Arnês LE, Cavalcanti MDGAM, Carrazzone CFV, Pacheco AGF, Sarteschi C et al.. Influence of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Gene Polymorphism in Progression of Chagas Heart Disease. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2020. link 57 García-Orozco VH, García-Sánchez D, López-Flores JF, Sánchez-Mata R. Pediatric sigmoid volvulus due to Chagas disease. Cirugia y cirujanos 2019. link 58 Caminha MA, de Lorena VMB, de Oliveira Júnior W, Perales J, Carvalho PC, Lima DB et al.. Trypanosoma cruzi immunoproteome: Calpain-like CAP5.5 differentially detected throughout distinct stages of human Chagas disease cardiomyopathy. Journal of proteomics 2019. link 59 Bonney KM, Luthringer DJ, Kim SA, Garg NJ, Engman DM. Pathology and Pathogenesis of Chagas Heart Disease. Annual review of pathology 2019. link 60 Tanaka DM, de Oliveira LFL, Marin-Neto JA, Romano MMD, de Carvalho EEV, de Barros Filho ACL et al.. Prolonged dipyridamole administration reduces myocardial perfusion defects in experimental chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy. Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology 2019. link 61 Jiménez P, Jaimes J, Poveda C, Ramírez JD. A systematic review of the Trypanosoma cruzi genetic heterogeneity, host immune response and genetic factors as plausible drivers of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy. Parasitology 2019. link 62 Bey E, Paucara Condori MB, Gaget O, Solano P, Revollo S, Saussine C et al.. Lower urinary tract dysfunction in chronic Chagas disease: clinical and urodynamic presentation. World journal of urology 2019. link 63 Edwards MS, Abanyie FA, Montgomery SP. Survey of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Members About Congenital Chagas Disease. The Pediatric infectious disease journal 2018. link 64 M Ferrão P, M Nisimura L, C Moreira O, G Land M, Pereira MC, de Mendonça-Lima L et al.. Inhibition of TGF-β pathway reverts extracellular matrix remodeling in T. cruzi-infected cardiac spheroids. Experimental cell research 2018. link 65 Gadioli LP, Miranda CH, Pintya AO, de Figueiredo AB, Schmidt A, Maciel BC et al.. The severity of ventricular arrhythmia correlates with the extent of myocardial sympathetic denervation, but not with myocardial fibrosis extent in chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy : Chagas disease, denervation and arrhythmia. Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology 2018. link 66 Moraes DN, Nascimento BR, Beaton AZ, Soliman EZ, Lima-Costa MF, Dos Reis RCP et al.. Value of the Electrocardiographic (P Wave, T Wave, QRS) Axis as a Predictor of Mortality in 14 Years in a Population With a High Prevalence of Chagas Disease from the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging. The American journal of cardiology 2018. link 67 Iacobas DA, Iacobas S, Tanowitz HB, Campos de Carvalho A, Spray DC. Functional genomic fabrics are remodeled in a mouse model of Chagasic cardiomyopathy and restored following cell therapy. Microbes and infection 2018. link 68 Gray EB, La Hoz RM, Green JS, Vikram HR, Benedict T, Rivera H et al.. Reactivation of Chagas disease among heart transplant recipients in the United States, 2012-2016. Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society 2018. link 69 Petruccelli KC, Tavares GC, Lima MP, Ortiz JV, Brandão AR, Couceiro KDN et al.. Type 1 cardiorenal syndrome in a patient with an acute infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi in the Brazilian Amazon region - a case report. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2018. link 70 Mediano MFF, Mendes FSNS, Pinto VLM, Silva PSD, Hasslocher-Moreno AM, Sousa AS. Reassessment of quality of life domains in patients with compensated Chagas heart failure after participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2017. link 71 Cruz JS, Machado FS, Ropert C, Roman-Campos D. Molecular mechanisms of cardiac electromechanical remodeling during Chagas disease: Role of TNF and TGF-β. Trends in cardiovascular medicine 2017. link 72 Shrestha D, Bajracharya B, Paula-Costa G, Salles BC, Leite AL, Menezes AP et al.. Expression and production of cardiac angiogenic mediators depend on the Trypanosoma cruzi-genetic population in experimental C57BL/6 mice infection. Microvascular research 2017. link 73 de Oliveira AP, Ayo CM, Mimura KK, Oliani SM, Bernardo CR, Camargo AV et al.. Plasma concentrations of CCL3 and CCL4 in the cardiac and digestive clinical forms of chronic Chagas disease. Cytokine 2017. link 74 Lima MS, Voos MC, Mathias W, Tsutsui JM. Indeterminate form of Chagas disease: is left ventricular torsional mechanics a clue to subclinical myocardial abnormalities?. Journal of echocardiography 2017. link 75 Bocchi EA, Bestetti RB, Scanavacca MI, Cunha Neto E, Issa VS. Chronic Chagas Heart Disease Management: From Etiology to Cardiomyopathy Treatment. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2017. link 76 Shen L, Ramires F, Martinez F, Bodanese LC, Echeverría LE, Gómez EA et al.. Contemporary Characteristics and Outcomes in Chagasic Heart Failure Compared With Other Nonischemic and Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation. Heart failure 2017. link 77 Pereira MB, Batista AM, Aguiar C, Marcon GE, Martins LC, Guariento ME et al.. The detection of Trypanosoma cruzi by nested-PCR in elderly patients: relationship to the clinical and epidemiological profile. Pathogens and global health 2016. link 78 Ayala MA, Casasco A, González M, Postan M, Corral RS, Petray PB. Trypanosoma cruzi infection induces the expression of CD40 in murine cardiomyocytes favoring CD40 ligation-dependent production of cardiopathogenic IL-6. Parasitology research 2016. link 79 Cardoso R, Garcia D, Fernandes G, He LI, Lichtenberger P, Viles-Gonzalez J et al.. The Prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation and Conduction Abnormalities in Chagas' Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 2016. link 80 Cevey ÁC, Mirkin GA, Penas FN, Goren NB. Low-dose benznidazole treatment results in parasite clearance and attenuates heart inflammatory reaction in an experimental model of infection with a highly virulent Trypanosoma cruzi strain. International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance 2016. link 81 Bestetti RB, Restini CB, Couto LB. Carlos Chagas Discoveries as a Drop Back to Scientific Construction of Chronic Chagas Heart Disease. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 2016. link 82 Furtado RG, Frota Ddo C, Silva JB, Romano MM, Almeida Filho OC, Schmidt A et al.. Right ventricular Doppler echocardiographic study of indeterminate form of chagas disease. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 2015. link 83 Pastore CA, Samesima N, Pereira Filho HG, Varoni LP, Rochitte CE, Vieira ML et al.. Rare Association: Chagas' Disease and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc 2015. link 84 González FB, Villar SR, Fernández Bussy R, Martin GH, Pérol L, Manarin R et al.. Immunoendocrine dysbalance during uncontrolled T. cruzi infection is associated with the acquisition of a Th-1-like phenotype by Foxp3(+) T cells. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2015. link 85 Torreão JA, Ianni BM, Mady C, Naia E, Rassi CH, Nomura C et al.. Myocardial tissue characterization in Chagas' heart disease by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2015. link 86 Vannucchi V, Tomberli B, Zammarchi L, Fornaro A, Castelli G, Pieralli F et al.. Chagas disease as a cause of heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias in patients long removed from endemic areas: an emerging problem in Europe. Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.) 2015. link 87 Rodríguez-Angulo HO, Toro-Mendoza J, Marques JA, Concepción JL, Bonfante-Cabarcas R, Higuerey Y et al.. Evidence of reversible bradycardia and arrhythmias caused by immunogenic proteins secreted by T. cruzi in isolated rat hearts. PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2015. link 88 Yager JE, Lozano Beltran DF, Torrico F, Gilman RH, Bern C. Prevalence of Chagas heart disease in a region endemic for Trypanosoma cruzi: evidence from a central Bolivian community. Global heart 2015. link 89 Imai K, Maeda T, Sayama Y, Osa M, Mikita K, Kurane I et al.. Chronic Chagas disease with advanced cardiac complications in Japan: Case report and literature review. Parasitology international 2015. link 90 Delgado-Osorio N, Vera-Polania F, Lopez-Isaza AF, Martinez-Pulgarin DF, Murillo-Abadia J, Munoz-Urbano M et al.. Bibliometric assessment of the contributions of literature on Chagas disease in Latin America and the Caribbean. Recent patents on anti-infective drug discovery 2014. link 91 Salvador F, Treviño B, Sulleiro E, Pou D, Sánchez-Montalvá A, Cabezos J et al.. Trypanosoma cruzi infection in a non-endemic country: epidemiological and clinical profile. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 2014. link 92 Raadschilders L, Rocha MO, Sousa L, Nouwen J, Ribeiro AL. Is autonomic function associated with left ventricular systolic function in Chagas heart disease patients undergoing treatment for heart failure?. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2014. link 93 Magalhães LM, Villani FN, Nunes Mdo C, Gollob KJ, Rocha MO, Dutra WO. High interleukin 17 expression is correlated with better cardiac function in human Chagas disease. The Journal of infectious diseases 2013. link 94 Caldas IS, da Matta Guedes PM, dos Santos FM, de Figueiredo Diniz L, Martins TA, da Silva do Nascimento AF et al.. Myocardial scars correlate with eletrocardiographic changes in chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection for dogs treated with Benznidazole. Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH 2013. link 95 Báez AL, Lo Presti MS, Fretes R, Díaz C, Pons P, Bazán PC et al.. Chronic indeterminate phase of Chagas' disease: mitochondrial involvement in infection with two strains. Parasitology 2013. link 96 Souza AC, Rocha MO, Teixeira AL, Dias Júnior JO, Sousa LA, Nunes MC. Depressive symptoms and disability in chagasic stroke patients: impact on functionality and quality of life. Journal of the neurological sciences 2013. link 97 Regueiro A, García-Álvarez A, Sitges M, Ortiz-Pérez JT, De Caralt MT, Pinazo MJ et al.. Myocardial involvement in Chagas disease: insights from cardiac magnetic resonance. International journal of cardiology 2013. link 98 Roman-Campos D, Sales-Junior P, Duarte HL, Gomes ER, Lara A, Campos P et al.. Novel insights into the development of chagasic cardiomyopathy: role of PI3Kinase/NO axis. International journal of cardiology 2013. link 99 Vicco MH, Ferini F, Rodeles L, Cardona P, Bontempi I, Lioi S et al.. Assessment of cross-reactive host-pathogen antibodies in patients with different stages of chronic Chagas disease. Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.) 2013. link 100 Abuhab A, Trindade E, Aulicino GB, Fujii S, Bocchi EA, Bacal F. Chagas' cardiomyopathy: the economic burden of an expensive and neglected disease. International journal of cardiology 2013. link