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Nephrology9 papers

Duplex kidney with reflux in both ureters

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Duplex kidney with reflux in both ureters refers to a congenital anomaly where a kidney has two collecting systems, often accompanied by vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in both ureters, potentially leading to urinary tract infections and renal damage 1.

Diagnosis

  • Standard excretory urogram: Essential for detecting ectopic ureters and duplex systems 1.
  • Ultrasound: Initial imaging modality to identify duplex kidney structures 1.
  • Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG): Confirms presence and grade of reflux 1.
  • Renal scan with diuretic function: Evaluates renal function and differential function between moieties 1.

    • Management

  • Antibiotic prophylaxis: To prevent recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) 1.
  • Surgical intervention: Considered for high-grade reflux refractory to medical management, aiming to correct anatomical abnormalities 1.
  • Follow-up imaging: Regular VCUG and ultrasound to monitor reflux and kidney function 1.

    • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Early diagnosis and management crucial to prevent renal scarring and long-term complications 1.
  • Pregnancy: Requires careful monitoring for UTIs and potential complications related to anatomical anomalies 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Utilize standard excretory urograms for initial detection of duplex kidneys and ectopic ureters (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Implement antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with reflux to reduce UTI recurrence (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • Consider surgical correction for patients with high-grade reflux unresponsive to medical therapy to prevent renal damage (Evidence: Moderate 1).

    • References

    1 Simms MH, Higgins PM. Diagnosis of the occult ectopic ureter in a duplex kidney. The Journal of urology 1975. link67121-0)

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Diagnosis of the occult ectopic ureter in a duplex kidney. — Simms MH, Higgins PM The Journal of urology (1975)
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