Overview
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for the vast majority of vulvar cancers, which are diagnosed annually in an estimated 6,470 individuals and comprise 5% to 8% of gynecologic malignancies 1. Known risk factors include increasing age, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, cigarette smoking, inflammatory vulvar conditions, and immunodeficiency 1. Most vulvar SCCs are diagnosed at early stages 1.Diagnosis
Histologic confirmation of squamous cell carcinoma is required 1.
Rarer histologies include melanoma, extramammary Paget's disease, Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and sarcoma 1.Management
Treatment recommendations are outlined in the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology 1.
Management includes treatment, surveillance, systemic therapy options, and gynecologic survivorship 1.Key Recommendations
Treatment, surveillance, systemic therapy options, and gynecologic survivorship are addressed in the NCCN Guidelines 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
Known risk factors for vulvar cancer include increasing age, HPV infection, cigarette smoking, inflammatory vulvar conditions, and immunodeficiency 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
Most vulvar neoplasias are diagnosed at early stages 1. (Evidence: Expert opinion)References
1 Abu-Rustum NR, Yashar CM, Arend R, Barber E, Bradley K, Brooks R et al.. Vulvar Cancer, Version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN 2024. link