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Pediatrics2518 papers

Acquired megacolon in child

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Acquired megacolon in children, also known as toxic megacolon, is a severe complication characterized by colonic dilation and impaired motility, often secondary to inflammatory conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or infections. It requires urgent medical intervention due to the risk of perforation and sepsis. 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Severe abdominal pain, distension, fever, and signs of systemic toxicity.
  • Imaging: Abdominal X-ray showing dilated colon (>6 cm diameter).
  • Laboratory Tests: Elevated white blood cell count, electrolyte imbalances, and markers of inflammation.
  • Endoscopy: May be necessary to rule out other causes and assess mucosal changes.
  • Grading: Often assessed based on clinical severity and imaging findings, though standardized grading systems vary. 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576
  • Management

  • First-Line Treatment: Intravenous fluids, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and bowel rest.
  • Adjunctive Therapies: Corticosteroids for severe cases, especially if inflammatory in origin.
  • Surgical Intervention: Indicated for perforation, persistent sepsis, or failure to respond to medical management.
  • Monitoring: Close hemodynamic and metabolic monitoring in intensive care settings.
  • Supportive Care: Pain management and electrolyte correction.
  • Targeted Therapy: Adjust based on underlying cause (e.g., immunomodulators for IBD). 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667686970717273747576
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Management closely mirrors adults but requires careful fluid and electrolyte management due to developmental differences. 123456789101112[13
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 1089 indexed papers.

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A reflection on and call for involving children in the process of valuing child health. The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care 2026. link 8 Özhüner Y, Akıncı M. Shaping Tomorrow's Care: Assessing the Influence of Future Midwives' Knowledge and Concerns About Climate Change on Maternal and Child Health. Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) 2026. link 9 Bhattacharjee B, Bhattacharjee B, Bhattacharjee D, Choudhury S. Understanding the Inequalities in Child Health Status: State-Level Insights for Policy Intervention in India. International journal of social determinants of health and health services 2026. link 10 Dobamo AG. Framing health inequalities through the political economy: a case study of Ethiopia's public policy landscape. International journal for equity in health 2026. link 11 Silva MTD, Tejada CAO, Aristides AM, Matijasevich A, Santos IS, Bertoldi AD. Out-of-pocket expenditures on child health during an economic recession in Brazil. Revista de saude publica 2026. link 12 Miklaucic I, Borkhoff CM, Akbar S, Buchanan F, Hattangadi N, Giannarakos A et al.. Data Sources and Analytic Approaches Used to Evaluate the Impact of Patient and Public Involvement in Child Health Research: Simple Random Survey of Individual Studies in Published Reviews. Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy 2026. link 13 Makris KC, Philippou C, Vasileiou C, Tornaritis M, Michaelidou SC, Hadjigeorgiou C et al.. Reforming schools into health promoting schools: perspective based on expert consensus from a European multistakeholder consultation. European journal of pediatrics 2026. link 14 Kohlmann T, Chen A, Armsby P, Copeland CAF, Gentry T, Jordan M et al.. A comparison of institutional review board models and study efficiency in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort Consortium. Contemporary clinical trials 2026. link 15 Mandizadza OO, Phebeni RT, Ji C. Global patterns and disparities in maternal and child health: a panel analysis of global health observatory and world development indicators data, 2000-2023. BMJ open 2026. link 16 Murosko D, Lugo N, Leifheit KM. Building health from the foundation: centering housing in place-based child health initiatives. Current opinion in pediatrics 2026. link 17 Gansallo P, Bryant M, Mansukoski L, Padgett L, Sheringham J, Islam S et al.. Mapping ActEarly: Using a child health map to evaluate a City Collaboratory programme on early promotion of good health and wellbeing. PloS one 2026. link 18 Salah S, Francis LA. Shared Decision-Making in Children's Healthcare by Parents' Immigrant Status: Findings from the 2021-2022 U.S. National Survey of Children's Health. 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Global health action 2026. link 23 Agu IC, Agwu P, Obi C, Orjiakor C, Mbachu C, Hutchinson E et al.. Is the Health Security of Children Assured in Nigerian Schools? Assessment of Urban Schools' Responses to the Health Needs of Schoolchildren. Child: care, health and development 2026. link 24 Brandstetter S, Kabesch M, Köninger A, Melter M, Apfelbacher C. Parents' Receipt of and Satisfaction With Preventive Counselling During 'Child Health Checks': Findings From the KUNO-Kids Health Study. Child: care, health and development 2026. link 25 Collins E, Paton C, Gallagher S. Extended reality technologies in child health education for undergraduate healthcare students: A scoping review. Nurse education in practice 2026. link 26 Masetti M, Lato F, Menoni M, Esposito S. Safeguarding future generations: a One Health perspective on children, climate change, and infectious threats. Frontiers in public health 2026. link 27 Chagoma N, Sweeney R, Mazumdar S, Suhrcke M. The impact of official development assistance for health on health outcomes: a rapid systematic review. Health policy and planning 2026. link 28 Gürgen Şimşek H, Dağhan Ş. Improving the Awareness of Midwives and Nurses Working in Primary Health Care Services Regarding the Relationship Between Environment and Child Health: A Quasi-Experimental Research. Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) 2026. link 29 Tan CS, Roberts G, Garvey W, D'Abaco E, D'Aprano A. Understanding the Experience of Clinical Supervision in Community Child Health: A Mixed-Methods Cross Sectional Study. Journal of paediatrics and child health 2026. link 30 Ahmed A, Venkatesh U, Bera OP, Grover A. District-level maternal and child health index in Uttar Pradesh: a GIS-based analysis using AHP-TOPSIS on NFHS-5 data. Primary health care research & development 2026. link 31 Poehlmann J, Johnson EI, Ossorio PN, Highsmith K, Harden BJ, Terplan M et al.. 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