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Fracture dislocation of thumb

Last edited: 4/15/2026

Overview

Bennett's fracture dislocation involves the disruption of the ulnar collateral ligament and fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone, commonly affecting the thumb's stability and function 1.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Pain, swelling, and deformity at the base of the thumb, difficulty with thumb opposition 1.
  • Imaging: Radiographs essential for diagnosis, typically showing a fracture at the base of the first metacarpal and ligamentous injury 1.
  • Grading: Often classified based on the severity of ligament injury and displacement of the fracture fragment 1.

    • Management

  • First-Line Treatment: Immobilization in moderate adduction to stabilize the thumb and promote healing 1.
  • Adjunctive Treatments: Surgical intervention may be considered for displaced fractures or significant ligamentous injury 1.

    • Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: Specific management considerations not addressed in the provided abstracts 1.
  • Pediatrics: No specific guidelines mentioned in the abstracts 1.
  • Elderly: No unique considerations noted in the abstracts 1.
  • Comorbidities: Impact on treatment approach not detailed in the abstracts 1.

    • Key Recommendations

  • Use immobilization in moderate adduction for conservative treatment of Bennett's fracture to enhance stability and healing (Evidence: Moderate 1).
  • Consider surgical intervention for cases with significant displacement or ligamentous injury (Evidence: Expert opinion 1).
  • Radiographic evaluation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and assessment of fracture and ligamentous involvement (Evidence: Strong 1).

    • References

    1 Harvey FJ, Bye WD. Bennett's fracture. The Hand 1976. link90060-7)

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Bennett's fracture. — Harvey FJ, Bye WD The Hand (1976)
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