Overview
Infected diverticulum of the urinary bladder is a rare condition characterized by the formation of a pouch within the bladder wall that can become inflamed or infected, often presenting as a pelvic mass 1.Diagnosis
Imaging studies (e.g., ultrasound, CT scan) are essential for identifying bladder diverticula and associated complications 1.
Cystoscopy may be required for direct visualization and to rule out other bladder pathologies 1.
Laboratory tests including urinalysis and blood tests (CBC, inflammatory markers) help confirm infection 1.Management
First-line treatment: Conservative management, including antibiotics tailored to culture and sensitivity results, is recommended unless complications arise 1.
Adjunctive treatments: Surgical intervention (e.g., diverticulectomy, diverticulectomy with bladder augmentation) may be necessary for persistent infection, recurrent diverticula, or complications like hemorrhage 1.Special Populations
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: Patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome may be at higher risk for complications due to connective tissue abnormalities; conservative treatment is still preferred unless complications occur 1.Key Recommendations
Initiate conservative management with targeted antibiotic therapy for infected bladder diverticula unless complications necessitate surgical intervention (Evidence: Weak) 1.
Utilize imaging studies (ultrasound, CT) for diagnosis and monitoring of bladder diverticula (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1.
Consider surgical options such as diverticulectomy in cases of recurrent infection or complications like hemorrhage (Evidence: Weak) 1.References
1 Bade JJ, Ypma AF, van Elk P, Mensink HJ. A pelvic mass: bladder diverticulum with haemorrhage in Ehlers-Danlos patient. Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology 1994. link