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Developmental coordination disorder — Clinical Guidelines

Overview

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in the performance of daily activities that involve motor coordination, despite intact intelligence and vision 2. It affects children's ability to perform tasks requiring motor skills, impacting their daily functioning and academic performance.

Diagnosis

Key Diagnostic Criteria: Persistent motor coordination difficulties affecting daily activities, not explained by intellectual disability or visual impairment 2.

Recommended Tests: Use standardized assessments such as the Movement-ABC (2nd edition) or similar tools to evaluate motor skills 2.

Grading: Often diagnosed based on developmental milestones and comparative assessments with peers 2.

Management

First-Line Interventions: Occupational therapy tailored to individual needs, focusing on motor skill development and adaptive strategies 9 11.

Adjunctive Treatments: Speech therapy and emotional support may be beneficial, especially in holistic intervention programs 11.

Educational Support: Collaboration between educators and clinicians to implement supportive educational strategies 16.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Early intervention programs combining occupational, speech, and emotional therapies show promise in improving self-image and classroom behavior 11.

Comorbidities: No specific evidence provided in abstracts regarding comorbidities, but integrated care approaches are recommended 9 11.

Key Recommendations

Implement early and tailored occupational therapy interventions to address motor skill deficits (Evidence: Moderate 9 11).

Incorporate multidisciplinary approaches including speech and emotional therapies to support holistic development (Evidence: Moderate 11).

Enhance collaboration between educational settings and clinical practitioners to provide consistent support (Evidence: Expert opinion 16).

References

1 Sydnor D. RARET's coalition-based model: Addressing complex life-sustaining transportation during emergencies. Journal of business continuity & emergency planning 2024. link 2 Green D. Typology and categorization in developmental coordination disorder: Where does this leave us?. Developmental medicine and child neurology 2022. link 3 Laus F. Can the emergency response be coordinated?. The International journal of risk & safety in medicine 2022. link 4 Samaniego-Ocaña JM, Granados-Martín M. Evolving models for handling emergency calls in Spanish and European dispatch coordination centers. Emergencias : revista de la Sociedad Espanola de Medicina de Emergencias 2021. link 5 Lacasta Tintorer D, Manresa Domínguez JM, Jiménez-Zarco A, Rodríguez-Blanco T, Flayeh Beneyto S, Torán-Monserrat P et al.. Efficiency as a determinant of loyalty among users of a Community of Clinical Practice: a comparative study between the implementation and consolidation phases. BMC family practice 2020. link 6 Lourenco García S, Arcos González P, Cuartas Álvarez T, Lagunas Pardos D, Castro Delgado R. Nurses' roles in emergency response coordination centers in Spain: a resource to consider. Emergencias : revista de la Sociedad Espanola de Medicina de Emergencias 2020. link 7 Wang D, Gao Q, Tan H, Liu Z, Zhou L, Jia L et al.. Coordination breakdowns in nuclear power plant control rooms: cause identification and behaviour-sequence analysis. Ergonomics 2020. link 8 Ruducha J, Hariharan D, Potter J, Ahmad D, Kumar S, Mohanan PS et al.. Measuring coordination between women's self-help groups and local health systems in rural India: a social network analysis. BMJ open 2019. link 9 Eamrner CR, Lefebvre P, Ducharme DA. Uncovering the theoretical underpinnings of an interprofessional preschool intervention program: Tumbling Together. Canadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergotherapie 2015. link 10 Smallman B, Dexter F, Masursky D, Li F, Gorji R, George D et al.. Role of communication systems in coordinating supervising anesthesiologists' activities outside of operating rooms. Anesthesia and analgesia 2013. link 11 Regev D, Reiter S. Occupational, speech and emotional therapy with students attending booster classes. International journal of adolescent medicine and health 2011. link 12 Smørdal O, Moen A, Kristiansen T, Refseth Y, Mortensen B, Osnes T. Participatory design and infrastructures for coordination and communication in interdisciplinary mobile health teams. Studies in health technology and informatics 2004. link 13 Ma HI, Trombly CA. Effects of task complexity on reaction time and movement kinematics in elderly people. The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association 2004. link 14 Coster W. Occupation-centered assessment of children. The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association 1998. link 15 Zhu W, Cole EL. Many-faceted Rasch calibration of a gross motor instrument. Research quarterly for exercise and sport 1996. link 16 Barraga NC. Carel C. Koch memorial lecture: joining hands--educators and clinicians. American journal of optometry and physiological optics 1984. link 17 Cooper MA, Ornato JP. Involving and educating base station physicians in paramedic programs. Annals of emergency medicine 1980. link80191-0)

Developmental coordination disorder