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Pulmonology7178 papers

Radiation respiratory disease

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Radiation-induced respiratory disease encompasses a spectrum of conditions affecting the respiratory system due to exposure to ionizing radiation, often seen in occupational settings, nuclear accidents, or therapeutic radiation treatments. These conditions can include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease, and lung cancer.

Diagnosis

  • Clinical History: Detailed exposure history to ionizing radiation 6.
  • Imaging Studies: Chest X-rays and CT scans to identify structural changes such as fibrosis or nodules 6.
  • Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs): Assessments of lung volumes, diffusing capacity, and airflow obstruction 55.
  • Biopsy: In cases of suspected malignancy or specific interstitial lung disease, histopathological examination may be necessary 5.
  • Management

  • Supportive Care: Oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and management of symptoms like cough and dyspnea 55.
  • Anti-inflammatory Agents: Corticosteroids for managing acute exacerbations of interstitial lung disease 55.
  • Targeted Therapies: Specific treatments for lung cancer based on histology and molecular profiles 5.
  • Avoidance of Further Exposure: Strict measures to prevent additional radiation exposure 6.
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Increased sensitivity to radiation; monitoring for delayed effects and early intervention crucial 84.
  • Elderly: Higher prevalence of comorbidities; management tailored to overall health status 55.
  • Comorbidities: Presence of pre-existing respiratory conditions may exacerbate radiation effects; integrated care approach recommended 555.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Conduct thorough exposure history and baseline imaging in individuals with potential radiation exposure to early detect changes (Evidence: Moderate 6).
  • Implement pulmonary function testing regularly to monitor disease progression and response to treatment (Evidence: Moderate 55).
  • Use corticosteroids judiciously for managing acute exacerbations of radiation-induced interstitial lung disease (Evidence: Moderate 55).
  • Prioritize avoidance of further radiation exposure and implement protective measures (Evidence: Expert opinion 6).
  • Tailor management strategies considering the patient's age and comorbidities to optimize outcomes (Evidence: Moderate 555).
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 713 indexed papers.

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Clinical Evidence to Support US Food and Drug Administration Review of New Medical Technology in Pulmonary, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine Between 2014 and 2024: A Scoping Review to Support Adoption in Practice. Chest 2026. link 6 Murray M, Blanc P, Kales SN, Balmes J, Frederick M, Cummings KJ et al.. Respiratory injuries among California career firefighters, 2000-2019. Annals of the American Thoracic Society 2026. link 7 Galkontas A, Sauliune S. Inequalities and changes in mortality from leading causes in pre-pandemic and during COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania. Population health metrics 2026. link 8 Korb C, Mantziari P, Schnur J, Maraczi V, Szasz B, Lillie J. Multisite Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pediatric Patients Under 15 kg: Three-Center, Analysis of Surgical Versus Percutaneous Approach and Thrombosis Risk, 2017-2024. Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies 2026. link 9 Chaiton M, Kundu A, Nathwani AA. Health impacts of cannabis: focus on smoking vs. vaping effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Current opinion in pulmonary medicine 2026. link 10 Safari Z, Fouladi-Fard R, Mahmoudian MH, Rahbar A, Oskouei AO, Azimi F et al.. Estimation of mortality and economic burden attributable to ground-level O. BMC public health 2026. link 11 Sheth P, Mehta F, Jangid G, Anamika FNU, Singh B, Kanagala SG et al.. The Rising Use of E-Cigarettes: Unveiling the Health Risks and Controversies. Cardiology in review 2026. link 12 Jia X, Song B, Wang S, Wang Y, Bi Y, Zheng Y et al.. Association of short-term exposure to ozone with total and cause-specific mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of hazardous materials 2026. link 13 Shin HH, Kabasakal M, Owen JG, Delic AO, Kunarac K, Buteau S. Impact of population density and industrial activity on PM2.5-Related adverse health outcomes: A study of the Quebec-Ontario corridor in Canada. Chemosphere 2026. link 14 Li Z, Xu R, Xu Z, Xing Y, Zhang Y, Huang W et al.. Wildfire-sourced PM. Environmental research 2026. link 15 Han C, Kim J, Jang H, Yun Y, Benmarhnia T. Health impacts of a short-lived, small-scale wildfire in South Korea. International journal of epidemiology 2026. link 16 de Oliveira Silveira G, de Lima Brum R, Tavella RA, da Silva Bonifácio A, Fernandes RC, da Silva Júnior FMR. Impact of PM. Toxicology 2026. link 17 Syed A, Basu R. The effect of wildfire smoke on children's health: A systematic review. Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology 2025. link 18 Rajasekar SJS, Saleem M, Kannan N, Narayanasamy K, Varalakshmi P. Artificial Intelligence Powered Audiomics: The Futuristic Biomarker in Pulmonary Medicine - A State-of-the-Art Review. Studies in health technology and informatics 2025. link 19 Bozkanat KM, Schramm D. Interventional pulmonology across the globe. Current opinion in pediatrics 2025. link 20 Farha F, Abass S, Khan S, Ali J, Parveen B, Ahmad S et al.. Transforming pulmonary health care: the role of artificial intelligence in diagnosis and treatment. Expert review of respiratory medicine 2025. link 21 Lindell KO, Reinke LF. A Historical and Contemporary Overview of Respiratory Nursing: Letter From The United States of America. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) 2025. link 22 Boas H, Tan L, Ren CL. Pediatric Pulmonology Year in Review 2024: Physiology. Pediatric pulmonology 2025. link 23 Imado M, Morimoto M. Leading Women in Respiratory Clinical Sciences: Letter From Japan. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) 2025. link 24 Poot B. Leading Women in Respiratory Clinical Sciences: Letter From New Zealand. 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Jornal de pediatria 2025. link 32 Leon-Astudillo C, Prero MY, Dy FJ, Kaslow J, Vo HH, Endres T et al.. ATS Pediatric Core Curriculum 2024: The Role of the Pediatric Pulmonologist in the Intensive Care Unit. Pediatric pulmonology 2025. link 33 Dong M, Uricheck J, Vaid U. Pulmonopoly: A Game-Based Approach to Teach and Reinforce Basic Concepts of Pulmonary Medicine to Medical Students. MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources 2025. link 34 Ganya W, Moolla MS, Singh N, Allwood B, Lalla U, Irusen EM et al.. The utility of a smartphone electronic referral application in facilitating telemedicine in pulmonology. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde 2025. link 35 Soon WCL, Ng Y, Seow D, Jones AW, Khor YH. Methodological and reporting quality of Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand clinical guidance documents. Internal medicine journal 2025. link 36 Zanetto L, Bonadies L, Moll-Diaz R, Beekman J, Muraca M, Pozzobon M et al.. Lung organoids: a new frontier in neonatology and paediatric respiratory medicine. European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society 2025. link 37 Gershengorn HB, Vranas KC, Cooke CR, Slatore CG, Levine SM. Estimating the Causal Effect of Double-Blind Peer Review for a Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Journal. Chest 2025. link 38 Yıldırım C, Aykut A, Günsoy E, Öncül MV. Evaluating GPT-4o for emergency disposition of complex respiratory cases with pulmonology consultation: a diagnostic accuracy study. Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine 2025. link 39 Protopapas A, Mamais I, Constantinou R, Iordanou S, Prodromou M, Mappouras S et al.. When do emergencies happen? Exploring circadian, weekly, and seasonal trends in ambulance calls in Cyprus. International emergency nursing 2025. link 40 de Melo ES, Pimentel LF, da Silva CM, Arbilla G. Fine Particulate Matter Levels in the Western Area of the City of Rio de Janeiro and the Potential Risks on Children's Health. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2025. link 41 Bignier C, Havet L, Brisoux M, Omeiche C, Misra S, Gonsard A et al.. Climate change and children's respiratory health. Paediatric respiratory reviews 2025. link 42 Zhou Y, Qu L, Li D, Xu W. Ambient Ozone Exposure and Global Child Health: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2025. link 43 Demirtas MS, Kocagozoglu SG, Yalcin SS. YouTube as a source of information about air pollution on children's health: importance for public health. International journal of environmental health research 2025. link 44 Jung YS, Afroz S, Mow SS, Wang X, Sarpy C, Islam MF et al.. Pediatric Health, Climate Perceptions, and School Absenteeism Across Three Regions of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study. International journal of environmental research and public health 2025. link 45 Chang AB, Gray DM, Boonjindasup W, Irwin RS, Feng W, Beltetón E et al.. The impact of child and adolescent health on adult respiratory health: the evidence, gaps and priorities. European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society 2025. link 46 Huang SP, Su CC, Lin CY, Nethery R, Josey K, Bates B et al.. Exposure-Response to High PM. Journal of the American Heart Association 2025. link 47 Niu X, Yu J, Sun J, Zhang X, Zhou L, Liu X et al.. New mechanisms of PM. Environmental research 2025. link 48 Kwon OB, Lee EJ, Lim MN, Han YJ, Ahn JY, Shin HJ et al.. Effects of PM. Scientific reports 2025. link 49 Wang X, Li T, Chi B, Li Y, Yang S, Xia Y et al.. Associations of exposure to PM. BMC public health 2025. link 50 Zhao T, Zhang Y, Li X, Ge Z, Shi J, Wang T et al.. PM. Environmental toxicology 2025. link 51 Peng B, Liu Y, Han Y, Chen W, Xu Y, Chatzidiakou L et al.. Effects of fine particulate matter constituents on respiratory and systemic inflammation in elderly adults with and without hypertension: A component-resolved analysis. The Science of the total environment 2025. link 52 Vanoli J, de la Cruz Libardi A, Sera F, Stafoggia M, Masselot P, Mistry MN et al.. Long-term Associations Between Time-varying Exposure to Ambient PM 2.5 and Mortality: An Analysis of the UK Biobank. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 2025. link 53 Vázquez Fernández L, Diz-Lois Palomares A, Vicedo Cabrera AM, Freiesleben De Blasio B, Di Ruscio F, Wisløff T et al.. Short-term association between air temperature and mortality in seven cities in Norway: A time series analysis. Scandinavian journal of public health 2025. link 54 Zhu S, Zhang X, Wu Z, Jin Y, Wu W, Zhang J et al.. Healthful plant-based dietary patterns, PM. The British journal of nutrition 2025. link 55 Holland AE, Spathis A, Marsaa K, Bausewein C, Ahmadi Z, Burge AT et al.. 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    Original source

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