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Dermatology782 papers

Pleural scarring

Last edited: 4/17/2026

Overview

Atrophic acne scars result from the destruction of skin tissue during inflammatory acne lesions, leading to depressions in the skin that can be categorized into icepick, boxcar, and rolling types. These scars significantly impact patients' quality of life and self-esteem 29 30.

Diagnosis

Clinical Assessment: Identification of scar morphology (icepick, boxcar, rolling) 29.

Grading Systems: Use of standardized scales like the Goodman grading system for severity assessment 29.

Histopathology: Biopsy may be considered for atypical or complex scarring patterns 55.

Management

First-Line Treatments:

- Microneedling: Effective for mild to moderate scarring 56 61. - Fractional CO2 Laser: Demonstrates efficacy in improving scar texture and depth 10 23 51.

Adjunctive Treatments:

- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): Combined with microneedling or laser treatments to enhance collagen production 6 7 26 56. - Autologous Fat Grafting: Utilized for its filling properties in deeper scars 4. - Topical Agents: Use of insulin or hyaluronic acid in conjunction with microneedling 3 24.

Special Populations

Pregnancy: Limited data; caution with ablative laser treatments due to potential systemic absorption [Expert opinion].

Pediatrics: Microneedling and non-ablative laser treatments are generally considered safe but require careful monitoring [Expert opinion].

Elderly: Focus on minimally invasive techniques like microneedling and fractional lasers due to reduced healing capacity [Expert opinion].

Comorbidities: Patients with compromised skin healing (e.g., diabetes) may benefit more from non-ablative methods to minimize risk [Expert opinion].

Key Recommendations

Use Microneedling as a First-Line Treatment for mild to moderate atrophic acne scars due to its efficacy and safety profile (Evidence: Moderate 56 61).

Combine Fractional CO2 Laser Therapy with adjunctive treatments like PRP to enhance scar remodeling and improve outcomes (Evidence: Moderate 6 26 51).

Consider Autologous Fat Grafting for deeper scars where volume restoration is crucial (Evidence: Expert opinion).

Select Non-Ablative Treatments for elderly patients and those with compromised skin healing to minimize complications (Evidence: Expert opinion).

Exercise Caution with Ablative Treatments in pregnant patients due to potential systemic effects (Evidence: Expert opinion).

References

Showing 100 most recent of 166 indexed papers.

1 Lee SD, Ahn HJ, Lee SJ, Suh DH, Song KY, Shin MK. Comparison of a Single Treatment of Needleless Microsubcision With Hyaluronic Acid and Carbon Dioxide Pinhole Method for Atrophic Acne Scars. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2026. link 2 Argobi Y, Tobeigei F, Alasiri FI. Fractional CO2 Laser Versus Micro Needling Radiofrequency for Post Acne Scarring: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2026. link 3 Rageh MA, Elrewiny EM, Kadah AS, Zakaria HB, Abdelshakour M, Mohy SM et al.. Fractional CO2 laser with topical insulin versus PRP for atrophic acne scars: a randomized split-face study. Archives of dermatological research 2025. link 4 Tawfik AA, Rageh MA. The Role of Autologous Fat Grafting in the Treatment of Atrophic Post-Acne Scars: A Narrative Review. Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery 2025. link 5 Mohamed MAA, Darwish HMA, Abd-Elhafiz HS. Combined subcision with polydioxanone monofilament (PDO) threads versus polydioxanone monofilament (PDO) threads alone in treatment of atrophic post-acne scars. Archives of dermatological research 2025. link 6 Sun C, Lim D. Complications of Subcision for Acne Scarring: Experience From Clinical Practice and Review of the Literature. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2025. link 7 Abdin R, Gaumond SI, Yaghi M, Mahmoud RH, Rodriguez M, Issa NT et al.. Utility of Adding Platelet-Rich Plasma to Microneedling vs Microneedling Alone in the Treatment of Acne Scarring. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD 2025. link 8 Bashir A, Choudhery MS, Afzaal S, Ali S, Afzaal S. Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Dermogenesis of Post-Acne Depressed Spots. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2025. link 9 Ahramiyanpour N, Kaveh R, Lotfi E, Rastaghi F. Optimizing Post-Acne Scar Treatment: A Pilot Comparative Study of Endo-Radiofrequency Subcision With and Without Platelet-Rich Plasma. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2025. link 10 Ke R, Cai B, Ni X, Lin Q, Chen L, Xie Y et al.. Efficacy and safety of non-ablative vs. ablative lasers for acne scarring: A meta-analysis. Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG 2025. link 11 Qu L, Sha S, He C, Chen HD, Wu Y. Comparison of Non-insulated Microneedle Fractional Radiofrequency and Ablative Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser for the Treatment of Facial Atrophic Acne Scarring: A Pilot Randomized Split-face Clinical Study. Acta dermato-venereologica 2025. link 12 Darji K, Zarbafian M, Ishii L, Zubair R, Cho S, Zhou X et al.. Evaluating the Picosecond 755-nm Alexandrite Laser With Diffractive Lens Array and Radiofrequency Microneedling for the Treatment of Atrophic Acne Scarring. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2025. link 13 Barone M, De Bernardis R, Persichetti P. Minimally Invasive Post-Acne Scars Treatment with the Hybrid Filler HArmonyCa™. Aesthetic plastic surgery 2025. link 14 Wu B, Gao M, Zhang Y, Bai X. Optimal treatment options for acne scars in patients with historic acne: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. PeerJ 2025. link 15 Duan X, Ding C, Wu J, Bao W, Gao Y, Liu F et al.. Recombinant Type III Humanized Collagen Solution for Injection Promotes Skin Repair in Chinese Population: A Case Series. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2025. link 16 Hassan AR, Binsaleh AY, El-Tahlawi SM, El-Amir AM, Ishak MM, Alsubaie N et al.. Impact of Vitamin D Injection on Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2025. link 17 Hartman N, Loyal J, Borsack S, Goldman M. Alternating Treatment With Nonablative Fractional Laser and Radiofrequency Microneedling for the Treatment of Acne Scars: A Prospective, Randomized, Split-Face Study. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2024. link 18 Ziebart RL, Antezana LA, Crum OM, Lynch M, Wyles SP. Laser and Energy Treatments for Acne Scarring: A Review of Clinical Trials. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD 2024. link 19 Salem FA, Ali Al Musawi MS, Kattoof WM. The efficacy of combined Intense pulsed light plus high-intensity focussed ultrasound with two different powers in the treatment of atrophic and Icepick acne scars. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 2024. link 20 Renzi M, McLarney M, Jennings T, Duffy R, Heymann WR, Lawrence N et al.. Procedural and surgical treatment modalities for acne scarring: Part II. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2024. link 21 Khan F, Kashif M, Shadman M. ROLE OF AUTOLOGOUS NANOFAT GRAFTING IN THE TREATMENT OF POST ACNE AND POST BURN SCARRING OF THE FACE. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC 2024. link 22 Kim GH, Lee WJ, Jung JM, Won CH, Chang SE, Lee MW et al.. Morphological characteristics of facial scars: A retrospective analysis according to scar location, onset, age, and cause. International wound journal 2024. link 23 Bernstein E, Alajmi A, Wang J, Hochman E, Biesman B, Sanzo JF. The 2910-nm Fiber Laser Is Safe and Effective for Improving Acne Scarring. Lasers in surgery and medicine 2024. link 24 Ali M, Ahmed N, Khan S, Kiran A. Simple Microneedling Versus Microneedling With Topical Insulin In The Treatment Of Post Acne Atrophic Scars; A Split Face Comparative Study. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC 2024. link 25 Rageh MA, Tawfik AA, Abdallah N, Ibrahim SMA. Fractional CO 2 Laser Combined With Autologous Nanofat Injection Versus Fractional CO 2 Laser Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Atrophic Acne Scars: A Split-Face Comparative Study With Optical Skin Imaging. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2024. link 26 Gaumond SI, Abdin R, Yaghi M, Mahmoud RH, Rodriguez M, Eber AE et al.. Platelet-rich plasma as an adjuvant therapy to fractional ablative carbon dioxide lasers for cutaneous repair: a complementary treatment for atrophic acne scarring. Lasers in medical science 2024. link 27 Chen B, Haq M, Ma MS, Ahmed A, Shi VJ, Koza E et al.. Split face randomized, evaluator blinded study on the effect of multiple subcisions on rolling acne scars. Archives of dermatological research 2024. link 28 Zaccardelli A, Harb JL, Papathanasiou E, Scott AR. Presentation, Management, and Outcomes of Pathologic Scars Within a Pediatric Otolaryngology Practice. The Laryngoscope 2024. link 29 Kim EY, Wong JH, Hussain A, Khachemoune A. Evidence-based management of cutaneous scarring in dermatology part 2: atrophic acne scarring. Archives of dermatological research 2023. link 30 Sun C, Lim D. Chemical peels for atrophic acne scarring: Evolution of peel types and methods. The Australasian journal of dermatology 2023. link 31 Havelin A, Seukeran DC. Laser treatment of acne scarring in skin of colour. Clinical and experimental dermatology 2023. link 32 Albalat W, Ghonemy S, Saleh A, Elradi M. Microneedling combined with botulinum toxin-A versus microneedling combined with platelet-rich plasma in treatment of atrophic acne scars: a comparative split face study. Archives of dermatological research 2023. link 33 Teymour S, Kania B, Lal K, Goldberg D. Energy-based devices in the treatment of acne scars in skin of color. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2023. link 34 Salame N, Brody HJ. Highly Purified Microdroplet Liquid Injectable Silicone for the Treatment of Acne Scars in Lighter and Darker Skin Types: A Retrospective Review. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2023. link 35 Ahramiyanpour N, Rastaghi F, Parvar SY, Sisakht AK, Hosseini SA, Amani M. Subcision in acne scarring: A review of clinical trials. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2023. link 36 Shen YC, Chiu WK, Kang YN, Chen C. Microneedling Monotherapy for Acne Scar: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Aesthetic plastic surgery 2022. link 37 Mohamed MM, Sabry HH, Salem RM. Treatment of atrophic acne scars: Topical or intralesional plasma gel?. Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine 2022. link 38 Privalle AN, MacLaughlin KL, Thanarajasingam U, Wetter DA. Extensive scarring alopecia and widespread rash. The Journal of family practice 2022. link 39 Sun C, Lim D. Trichloroacetic Acid Paint for Boxcar and Polymorphic Acne Scars. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2022. link 40 Nassar A, El-Shaarawy W, Salah E. Autologous plasma gel injection combined with scar subcision is a successful technique for atrophic post-acne scars: a split-face study. The Journal of dermatological treatment 2022. link 41 Lu K, Cai S. Efficacy and safety comparison between 1927 nm thulium laser and 2940 nm Er:YAG laser in the treatment of facial atrophic acne scarring: a prospective, simultaneous spilt-face clinical trial. Lasers in medical science 2022. link 42 Eubanks SW, Solomon JA. Safety and efficacy of fractional radiofrequency for the treatment and reduction of acne scarring: A prospective study. Lasers in surgery and medicine 2022. link 43 Wang Y, Yu W, Zhang J, Li J. Effect and Safety Analysis of PRP and Yifu Combined with Ultrapulsed CO. Journal of healthcare engineering 2022. link 44 Sabry HH, Hegazy MS, Ahmed E, Salem RM. Q-Switched 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser versus fractional carbon dioxide laser for post acne scarring: A split-face comparative study. Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine 2022. link 45 Ismail SA, Khella NAH, Abou-Taleb DAE. Which is more effective in atrophic acne scars treatment microneedling alone or platelet rich plasma alone or combined both therapeutic modalities?. Dermatologic therapy 2022. link 46 Ebrahim HM, Artima AY, Elardi A, Mohamed Morsi H. Clinical and Histopathological evaluation of different tools for the Subcision of Atrophic Acne Scars. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2022. link 47 Salameh F, Shehadeh W, Sprecher E, Artzi O. A stereoscopic optical system for objective quantification of the change in cumulative acne scar depth following various treatment interventions. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2022. link 48 Judodihardjo H, Rajpar S. Retrospective study on the safety and tolerability of clinical treatments with a novel Thermomechanical Ablation device on 150 patients. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2022. link 49 Mohammed GF, Al-Dhubaibi MS. Triple steps acne scar revision technique: A new combination therapeutic modality for atrophic acne scars. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2022. link 50 Mandavia R, Cariati M, Shahidi S, Spencer C, Somenek M, Lapa T. Combination radiofrequency microneedling and carbon dioxide laser for acne scarring: A systematic review and retrospective case series across two centers. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2022. link 51 Puaratanaarunkon T, Asawanonda P. Efficacy of a one-session fractional picosecond 1064-nm laser for the treatment of atrophic acne scar and enlarged facial pores. Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy : official publication of the European Society for Laser Dermatology 2021. link 52 Arruda S, Swearingen A, Medrano K, Sadick N. Subject satisfaction following treatment with nanofractional radiofrequency for the treatment and reduction of acne scarring and rhytids: A prospective study. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2021. link 53 Lee YJ, Lee CY, Shin MK. A Neglected Acne Scar Type: Papular Acne Scars and Their Correlations With Keloid Scars. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2021. link 54 Casabona G, Alfertshofer MG, Kaye KO, Frank K, Mercado-Perez A, Hargiss JB et al.. Safety and efficacy of microneedling technology in the treatment of acne scars. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2021. link 55 Kim J. Topographic computer analysis for acne scar treatment on face accompanying biopsy study after dermal injection of hydrotoxin mixture. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2021. link 56 Amer A, Elhariry S, Al-Balat W. Combined autologous platelet-rich plasma with microneedling versus microneedling with non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid in the treatment of atrophic acne scars: Split-face study. Dermatologic therapy 2021. link 57 Cannarozzo G, Silvestri M, Tamburi F, Sicilia C, Del Duca E, Scali E et al.. A new 675-nm laser device in the treatment of acne scars: an observational study. Lasers in medical science 2021. link 58 Wang B, Deng YX, Yan S, Xie HF, Li J, Jian D. Efficacy of non-ablative fractional 1440-nm laser therapy for treatment of facial acne scars in patients with rosacea: a prospective, interventional study. Lasers in medical science 2021. link 59 Falk H, Vissing M, Wooler G, Gehl J. Calcium Electroporation for Keloids: A First-in-Man Phase I Study. Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2021. link 60 de Oliveira GV, Gold MH. Hydrocolloid dressings can be used to treat hypertrophic scars: An outpatient dermatology service devoted to treat keloids and challenging scars. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2020. link 61 Mujahid N, Shareef F, Maymone MBC, Vashi NA. Microneedling as a Treatment for Acne Scarring: A Systematic Review. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2020. link 62 Villani A, Carmela Annunziata M, Antonietta Luciano M, Fabbrocini G. Skin needling for the treatment of acne scarring: A comprehensive review. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2020. link 63 Bahl A, O'Connor K, Chung HJ. Treatment of atrophic acne scars with combination therapy of chemical reconstruction of skin scars method and fractionated nonablative laser: A retrospective analysis. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2020. link 64 Abdel-Magiud EM, Taha EA, Bakr RM, Ismail SA, Sayed SK, Makboul M et al.. Effects of different therapeutic modalities for postacne scars on circulating collagen III. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2020. link 65 Kwon HH, Yang SH, Cho YJ, Shin E, Choi M, Bae Y et al.. Comparison of a 1064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet picosecond laser using a diffractive optical element vs. a nonablative 1550-nm erbium-glass laser for the treatment of facial acne scarring in Asian patients: a 17-week prospective, randomized, split-face, controlled trial. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2020. link 66 Mahamoud WA, El Barbary RA, Ibrahim NF, Akmal EM, Ibrahim SM. Fractional carbon dioxide laser combined with intradermal injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma versus noncross-linked hyaluronic acid in the treatment of atrophic postacne scars: A split face study. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2020. link 67 An MK, Hong EH, Suh SB, Park EJ, Kim KH. Combination Therapy of Microneedle Fractional Radiofrequency and Topical Poly-Lactic Acid for Acne Scars: A Randomized Controlled Split-Face Study. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2020. link 68 Elfar NN, Hasby EA. Efficacy and safety of plasma gel as a new modality in treatment of atrophic acne scars. International journal of dermatology 2020. link 69 Akoh CC, Orlow SJ. A Review of Vitamin D and Scarring: The Potential for New Therapeutics. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD 2020. link 70 Joseph JH, Shamban A, Eaton L, Lehman A, Cohen S, Spencer J et al.. Polymethylmethacrylate Collagen Gel-Injectable Dermal Filler for Full Face Atrophic Acne Scar Correction. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2019. link 71 Abou Eitta RS, Ismail AA, Abdelmaksoud RA, Ghezlan NA, Mehanna RA. Evaluation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells vs. fractional carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of post acne scars: a split-face study. International journal of dermatology 2019. link 72 Soliman YS, Horowitz R, Hashim PW, Nia JK, Farberg AS, Goldenberg G. Update on acne scar treatment. Cutis 2018. link 73 Walocko FM, Eber AE, Kirsner RS, Badiavas E, Nouri K. Systematic review of the therapeutic roles of adipose tissue in dermatology. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2018. link 74 Ngaage M, Agius M. The Psychology of Scars: A Mini-Review. Psychiatria Danubina 2018. link 75 Ibrahim MK, Ibrahim SM, Salem AM. Skin microneedling plus platelet-rich plasma versus skin microneedling alone in the treatment of atrophic post acne scars: a split face comparative study. The Journal of dermatological treatment 2018. link 76 Dierickx C, Larsson MK, Blomster S. Effectiveness and Safety of Acne Scar Treatment With Nonanimal Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid Gel. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2018. link 77 Bhargava S, Cunha PR, Lee J, Kroumpouzos G. Acne Scarring Management: Systematic Review and Evaluation of the Evidence. American journal of clinical dermatology 2018. link 78 Sadick NS, Cardona A. Laser treatment for facial acne scars: A review. Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy : official publication of the European Society for Laser Dermatology 2018. link 79 Al Qarqaz F, Al-Yousef A. Skin microneedling for acne scars associated with pigmentation in patients with dark skin. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2018. link 80 Moftah NH, El Khayyat MAM, Ragai MH, Alaa H. Carboxytherapy Versus Skin Microneedling in Treatment of Atrophic Postacne Scars: A Comparative Clinical, Histopathological, and Histometrical Study. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2018. link 81 Dierickx C. Using normal and high pulse coverage with picosecond laser treatment of wrinkles and acne scarring: Long term clinical observations. Lasers in surgery and medicine 2018. link 82 Petit L, Zugaj D, Bettoli V, Dreno B, Kang S, Tan J et al.. Validation of 3D skin imaging for objective repeatable quantification of severity of atrophic acne scarring. Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) 2018. link 83 El-Domyati M, Abdel-Wahab H, Hossam A. Microneedling combined with platelet-rich plasma or trichloroacetic acid peeling for management of acne scarring: A split-face clinical and histologic comparison. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2018. link 84 Lan T, Xiao Y, Tang L, Hamblin MR, Yin R. Treatment of atrophic acne scarring with fractional micro-plasma radio-frequency in Chinese patients: A prospective study. Lasers in surgery and medicine 2018. link 85 Ng QX, Koh SSH, Shin D, De Deyn MLZQ, Ho CYX. Use of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microspheres collagen to treat atrophic acne scars. Medical hypotheses 2017. link 86 Thomas CL, Kim B, Lam J, Richards S, See A, Kalouche S et al.. Objective severity does not capture the impact of rosacea, acne scarring and photoaging in patients seeking laser therapy. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 2017. link 87 Tanghetti E, Mirkov M, Sierra RA. Delivery of light to the skin through ablated conduits. Lasers in surgery and medicine 2017. link 88 Ochi H, Tan L, Tan WP, Goh CL. Treatment of Facial Acne Scarring With Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser in Asians, a Retrospective Analysis of Efficacy and Complications. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2017. link 89 Wat H, Wu DC, Chan HH. Fractional resurfacing in the Asian patient: Current state of the art. Lasers in surgery and medicine 2017. link 90 Fife D. Evaluation of Acne Scars: How to Assess Them and What to Tell the Patient. Dermatologic clinics 2016. link 91 Cohen BE, Brauer JA, Geronemus RG. Acne scarring: A review of available therapeutic lasers. Lasers in surgery and medicine 2016. link 92 Goodman GJ, Van Den Broek A. The modified tower vertical filler technique for the treatment of post-acne scarring. The Australasian journal of dermatology 2016. link 93 Werschler WP, Few JW, Jacob CI, Joseph JH, Spencer JM, Taub AF. Advancing the Care of Post-Acne Scarring: Expert Insights Into New Treatment Options. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD 2016. link 94 Asif M, Kanodia S, Singh K. Combined autologous platelet-rich plasma with microneedling verses microneedling with distilled water in the treatment of atrophic acne scars: a concurrent split-face study. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2016. link 95 Anupama YG, Wahab AJ. Effectiveness of CO. Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy : official publication of the European Society for Laser Dermatology 2016. link 96 Zaleski-Larsen LA, Fabi SG, McGraw T, Taylor M. Acne Scar Treatment: A Multimodality Approach Tailored to Scar Type. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2016. link 97 Faghihi G, Keyvan S, Asilian A, Nouraei S, Behfar S, Nilforoushzadeh MA. Efficacy of autologous platelet-rich plasma combined with fractional ablative carbon dioxide resurfacing laser in treatment of facial atrophic acne scars: A split-face randomized clinical trial. Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology 2016. link 98 Alexis AF, Coley MK, Nijhawan RI, Luke JD, Shah SK, Argobi YA et al.. Nonablative Fractional Laser Resurfacing for Acne Scarring in Patients With Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes IV-VI. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2016. link 99 Kang S, Lozada VT, Bettoli V, Tan J, Rueda MJ, Layton A et al.. New Atrophic Acne Scar Classification: Reliability of Assessments Based on Size, Shape, and Number. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD 2016. link 100 Lanoue J, Goldenberg G. Acne scarring: a review of cosmetic therapies. Cutis 2015. link

Original source

[1]
Comparison of a Single Treatment of Needleless Microsubcision With Hyaluronic Acid and Carbon Dioxide Pinhole Method for Atrophic Acne Scars. — Lee SD, Ahn HJ, Lee SJ, Suh DH, Song KY, Shin MK Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] (2026)
[2]
Fractional CO2 Laser Versus Micro Needling Radiofrequency for Post Acne Scarring: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs. — Argobi Y, Tobeigei F, Alasiri FI Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2026)
[3]
Fractional CO2 laser with topical insulin versus PRP for atrophic acne scars: a randomized split-face study. — Rageh MA, Elrewiny EM, Kadah AS, Zakaria HB, Abdelshakour M, Mohy SM et al. Archives of dermatological research (2025)
[4]
The Role of Autologous Fat Grafting in the Treatment of Atrophic Post-Acne Scars: A Narrative Review. — Tawfik AA, Rageh MA Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery (2025)
[5]
Combined subcision with polydioxanone monofilament (PDO) threads versus polydioxanone monofilament (PDO) threads alone in treatment of atrophic post-acne scars. — Mohamed MAA, Darwish HMA, Abd-Elhafiz HS Archives of dermatological research (2025)
[6]
Complications of Subcision for Acne Scarring: Experience From Clinical Practice and Review of the Literature. — Sun C, Lim D Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2025)
[7]
Utility of Adding Platelet-Rich Plasma to Microneedling vs Microneedling Alone in the Treatment of Acne Scarring. — Abdin R, Gaumond SI, Yaghi M, Mahmoud RH, Rodriguez M, Issa NT et al. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD (2025)
[8]
Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Dermogenesis of Post-Acne Depressed Spots. — Bashir A, Choudhery MS, Afzaal S, Ali S, Afzaal S Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2025)
[9]
Optimizing Post-Acne Scar Treatment: A Pilot Comparative Study of Endo-Radiofrequency Subcision With and Without Platelet-Rich Plasma. — Ahramiyanpour N, Kaveh R, Lotfi E, Rastaghi F Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2025)
[10]
Efficacy and safety of non-ablative vs. ablative lasers for acne scarring: A meta-analysis. — Ke R, Cai B, Ni X, Lin Q, Chen L, Xie Y et al. Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG (2025)
[11]
Comparison of Non-insulated Microneedle Fractional Radiofrequency and Ablative Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser for the Treatment of Facial Atrophic Acne Scarring: A Pilot Randomized Split-face Clinical Study. — Qu L, Sha S, He C, Chen HD, Wu Y Acta dermato-venereologica (2025)
[12]
Evaluating the Picosecond 755-nm Alexandrite Laser With Diffractive Lens Array and Radiofrequency Microneedling for the Treatment of Atrophic Acne Scarring. — Darji K, Zarbafian M, Ishii L, Zubair R, Cho S, Zhou X et al. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] (2025)
[13]
Minimally Invasive Post-Acne Scars Treatment with the Hybrid Filler HArmonyCa™. — Barone M, De Bernardis R, Persichetti P Aesthetic plastic surgery (2025)
[14]
Optimal treatment options for acne scars in patients with historic acne: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. — Wu B, Gao M, Zhang Y, Bai X PeerJ (2025)
[15]
Recombinant Type III Humanized Collagen Solution for Injection Promotes Skin Repair in Chinese Population: A Case Series. — Duan X, Ding C, Wu J, Bao W, Gao Y, Liu F et al. Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2025)
[16]
Impact of Vitamin D Injection on Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars. — Hassan AR, Binsaleh AY, El-Tahlawi SM, El-Amir AM, Ishak MM, Alsubaie N et al. Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2025)
[17]
Alternating Treatment With Nonablative Fractional Laser and Radiofrequency Microneedling for the Treatment of Acne Scars: A Prospective, Randomized, Split-Face Study. — Hartman N, Loyal J, Borsack S, Goldman M Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] (2024)
[18]
Laser and Energy Treatments for Acne Scarring: A Review of Clinical Trials. — Ziebart RL, Antezana LA, Crum OM, Lynch M, Wyles SP Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD (2024)
[19]
The efficacy of combined Intense pulsed light plus high-intensity focussed ultrasound with two different powers in the treatment of atrophic and Icepick acne scars. — Salem FA, Ali Al Musawi MS, Kattoof WM JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association (2024)
[20]
Procedural and surgical treatment modalities for acne scarring: Part II. — Renzi M, McLarney M, Jennings T, Duffy R, Heymann WR, Lawrence N et al. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
[21]
ROLE OF AUTOLOGOUS NANOFAT GRAFTING IN THE TREATMENT OF POST ACNE AND POST BURN SCARRING OF THE FACE. — Khan F, Kashif M, Shadman M Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC (2024)
[22]
Morphological characteristics of facial scars: A retrospective analysis according to scar location, onset, age, and cause. — Kim GH, Lee WJ, Jung JM, Won CH, Chang SE, Lee MW et al. International wound journal (2024)
[23]
The 2910-nm Fiber Laser Is Safe and Effective for Improving Acne Scarring. — Bernstein E, Alajmi A, Wang J, Hochman E, Biesman B, Sanzo JF Lasers in surgery and medicine (2024)
[24]
Simple Microneedling Versus Microneedling With Topical Insulin In The Treatment Of Post Acne Atrophic Scars; A Split Face Comparative Study. — Ali M, Ahmed N, Khan S, Kiran A Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC (2024)
[25]
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