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Cardiology343 papers

Bacterial endocarditis

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Bacterial endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, often caused by bacteria from the bloodstream that colonize the endocardium, leading to the formation of vegetations and potential severe complications. 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Symptoms: Fever, heart murmur, petechiae, splinter hemorrhages, and signs of systemic infection. 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677
  • Laboratory Tests: Blood cultures are essential for identifying the causative organism. 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677
  • Imaging: Echocardiography is crucial for visualizing vegetations and assessing valve function. 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677
  • Management

  • Antibiotics: Initial
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 277 indexed papers.

    1 Feuerstein JD, Sethi S, Tapper EB, Belkin E, Lewandowski JJ, Singla A et al.. Current knowledge of antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines regarding GI open-access endoscopic procedures is inadequate. Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2015. link 2 Chaudhry-Waterman N, Bergersen L, Buber J. Bacterial Endocarditis Manifesting as Outflow Tract Obstruction in Two Patients Implanted With Percutaneous Prosthetic Pulmonary Valves. The Canadian journal of cardiology 2015. link 3 Akkus NI, Mina GS, Fereidoon S, Rajpal S. Tattooing complicated by multivalvular bacterial endocarditis. Herz 2014. link 4 Tsaganos T, Pelekanou A, Skiadas I, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ. Differences in cytokine stimulation between methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental endocarditis model. Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy 2013. link 5 Kornreich BG, Craven M, McDonough SP, Nydam DV, Scorza V, Assarasakorn S et al.. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization for the identification of bacterial species in archival heart valve sections of canine bacterial endocarditis. Journal of comparative pathology 2012. link 6 Rabellino M, García-Nielsen L, Zander T, Baldi S, Llorens R, Maynar M. Stent-assisted coil embolization of a mycotic renal artery aneurysm by use of a self-expanding neurointerventional stent. Cardiovascular and interventional radiology 2011. link 7 Yang EH, Poon K, Pillutla P, Budoff MJ, Chung J. Pulmonary embolus caused by Suttonella indologenes prosthetic endocarditis in a pulmonary homograft. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2011. link 8 Tse DM, Khan S, Clarke S. Bacterial endocarditis and body art: active prevention or antibiotic prophylaxis. International journal of cardiology 2010. link 9 Tsutsumi T, Hiraoka E, Kanazawa K, Akita H, Eron LJ. Diagnosis of E. coli tricuspid valve endocarditis: a case report. Hawaii medical journal 2010. link 10 Kluger N. Bacterial endocarditis and body art: suggestions for an active prevention. International journal of cardiology 2009. link 11 Kunavarapu C, Olkovsky Y, Lafferty JC, Homayuni AR, Mohan SS, McGinn J. Unusual cardiac complications of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2008. link 12 McMahon JH, O'keeffe JM, Grayson ML. Is hospital-in-the-home (HITH) treatment of bacterial endocarditis safe and effective?. Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases 2008. link 13 Peddle GD, Boger L, Van Winkle TJ, Oyama MA. Gerbode type defect and third degree atrioventricular block in association with bacterial endocarditis in a dog. Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology 2008. link 14 Dimitrakakis G, Von Oppell U, Zilidis G, Srivastava A. Splenic rupture complicating aortic valve replacement for bacterial endocarditis. Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery 2008. link 15 Tomás Carmona I, Diz Dios P, Scully C. Efficacy of antibiotic prophylactic regimens for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis of oral origin. Journal of dental research 2007. link 16 Fenollar F, Goncalves A, Esterni B, Azza S, Habib G, Borg JP et al.. A serum protein signature with high diagnostic value in bacterial endocarditis: results from a study based on surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The Journal of infectious diseases 2006. link 17 Wang L, Lopes LG, Oliveira GC, Navarro MF, Santos CF. Antibiotic prophylaxis in a patient with penicillin allergy and recurrent bacterial endocarditis: a case report. Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry 2004. link 18 Panizzi P, Friedrich R, Fuentes-Prior P, Bode W, Bock PE. The staphylocoagulase family of zymogen activator and adhesion proteins. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2004. link 19 Halkos ME, Symbas JD, Felner JM, Symbas PN. Aneurysm of the mitral valve: a rare complication of aortic valve endocarditis. The Annals of thoracic surgery 2004. link 20 Tessier-Vetzel D, Carlos C, Dandrieux J, Boulouis HJ, Pouchelon JL, Chetboul V. Spontaneous vegetative endocarditis due to Enterococcus faecalis in a rottweiler puppy. Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde 2003. link 21 Mirzaie M, Gunawan B, Schwartz P, Coulibaly M, Schöndube F. Ultrastructural changes of cardiac valves in bacterial endocarditis. The Journal of cardiovascular surgery 2003. link 22 Podglajen I, Bellery F, Poyart C, Coudol P, Buu-Hoï A, Bruneval P et al.. Comparative molecular and microbiologic diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis. Emerging infectious diseases 2003. link 23 Scheinfeld N, Struach S, Ross B. Antibiotic prophylaxis guideline awareness and antibiotic prophylaxis use among New York State dermatologic surgeons. Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] 2002. link 24 Tiong IY, Novaro GM, Jefferson B, Monson M, Smedira N, Penn MS. Bacterial endocarditis and functional mitral stenosis: a report of two cases and brief literature review. Chest 2002. link 25 Veltrop MH, Beekhuizen H. Monocytes maintain tissue factor activity after cytolysis of bacteria-infected endothelial cells in an in vitro model of bacterial endocarditis. The Journal of infectious diseases 2002. link 26 Ohebshalom MM, Tash JA, Coll D, Su LM, Schlegel PN. Massive hematuria due to right renal artery mycotic pseudoaneurysm in a patient with subacute bacterial endocarditis. Urology 2001. link01292-4) 27 Hothi DK, Kelsall W, Baglin T, Williams DM. Bacterial endocarditis in a child with haemophilia B: risks of central venous catheters. Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia 2001. link 28 Rangel EB, Atallah AN. Musculoskeletal manifestations of bacterial endocarditis. Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina 2000. link 29 Brook MM. Pediatric bacterial endocarditis. Treatment and prophylaxis. Pediatric clinics of North America 1999. link70118-8) 30 Pallasch TJ, Gage TW, Taubert KA. The 1997 prevention of bacterial endocarditis recommendations by the American Heart Association: questions and answers. Journal of the California Dental Association 1999. link 31 Lynch LI. A teaching module: promoting awareness of effective bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis in children. Pediatric nursing 1999. link 32 Paterson P, Dunn KW. Bacterial endocarditis following a minor burn injury. Case report and review. Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries 1999. link00178-8) 33 Shah FS, Fennelly G, Weingarten-Arams J, Yang L, Glickstein J. Endocardial abscesses in children: case report and review of the literature. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 1999. link 34 Roberts GJ. Dentists are innocent! "Everyday" bacteremia is the real culprit: a review and assessment of the evidence that dental surgical procedures are a principal cause of bacterial endocarditis in children. Pediatric cardiology 1999. link 35 Opie GF, Fraser SH, Drew JH, Drew S. Bacterial endocarditis in neonatal intensive care. Journal of paediatrics and child health 1999. link 36 Little J. The American Heart Association's guidelines for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis: a critical review. General dentistry 1998. link 37 Fefer JJ, Ratzan KR, Sharp SE, Saiz E. Lactococcus garvieae endocarditis: report of a case and review of the literature. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease 1998. link00065-0) 38 Prinz A, Akosah KO, Jackson P, Mohanty PK. Acquired atrial septal defect as a complication of endocarditis--a case report. Angiology 1998. link 39 Nakayama M, Isobe F, Yutani C. Aneurysmal pouch on left coronary cusp accompanied by bacterial endocarditis. The Japanese journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery : official publication of the Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery = Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai zasshi 1998. link 40 Wong A, Rosenstein AH, Rutherford RE, James SP. Bacterial endocarditis following endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy. Journal of clinical gastroenterology 1997. link 41 Dajani AS, Taubert KA, Wilson W, Bolger AF, Bayer A, Ferrieri P et al.. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis. Recommendations by the American Heart Association. JAMA 1997. link 42 Dajani AS, Taubert KA, Wilson W, Bolger AF, Bayer A, Ferrieri P et al.. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis: recommendations by the American Heart Association. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 1997. link 43 Gewitz MH. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis. Current opinion in pediatrics 1997. link 44 Dajani AS, Taubert KA, Wilson W, Bolger AF, Bayer A, Ferrieri P et al.. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis: recommendations by the American Heart Association. Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) 1997. link 45 Maxson AD, Reef VB. Bacterial endocarditis in horses: ten cases (1984-1995). Equine veterinary journal 1997. link 46 Agarwal A, Clements J, Sedmak DD, Imler D, Nahman NS, Orsinelli DA et al.. Subacute bacterial endocarditis masquerading as type III essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 1997. link 47 Murashita T, Yasuda K, Takigami T, Sakuma M, Matsui Y, Sasaki S et al.. Mycotic aneurysm of the bilateral tibioperoneal trunks associated with bacterial endocarditis: a case report. International angiology : a journal of the International Union of Angiology 1997. link 48 Suzuki J, Ando H, Nakajima T, Tamada T, Asada K, Sasaki S. Arthritis and meningitis--the first manifestations of bacterial endocarditis in 2 patients. Japanese circulation journal 1997. link 49 Bancsi MJ, Veltrop MH, Bertina RM, Thompson J. Role of phagocytosis in activation of the coagulation system in Streptococcus sanguis endocarditis. Infection and immunity 1996. link 50 Pentousis D, Cooper JP, Rae AP. Bacterial endocarditis involving a subaortic membrane. Heart (British Cardiac Society) 1996. link 51 Boswood A. Resolution of dysrhythmias and conduction abnormalities following treatment for bacterial endocarditis in a dog. The Journal of small animal practice 1996. link 52 Panos G, Giamarellou H, Papazachos G, Birbilis T, Toutouzas P. Greek physicians' and dentists' compliance with the British society for antimicrobial chemotherapy (BSAC) guidelines for preventing bacterial endocarditis. Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy) 1996. link 53 Varma JR. Antibiotic prophylaxis for lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. Primary care 1995. link 54 Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Rost M, Roskamm H. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis in Germany. European heart journal 1995. link 55 Bier AJ, Lamphere JA, Daily PO. Coronary artery compression caused by a large pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 1995. link80394-3) 56 Mangat HS. Retinal artery occlusion. Survey of ophthalmology 1995. link80004-2) 57 Kjerulf A, Espersen F, Tvede M. IgG antibody response in bacterial endocarditis using ELISA with multiple antigens. APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica 1994. link 58 Acar C, Iung B, Cormier B, Grare P, Berrebi A, D'Attellis N et al.. Double mitral homograft for recurrent bacterial endocarditis of the mitral and tricuspid valves. The Journal of heart valve disease 1994. link 59 Sagert G, Austin TW, Bombassaro AM, Parbtani A. Conformity with guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis against bacterial endocarditis. American journal of hospital pharmacy 1994. link 60 Bancsi MJ, Thompson J, Bertina RM. Stimulation of monocyte tissue factor expression in an in vitro model of bacterial endocarditis. Infection and immunity 1994. link 61 Mogadam M, Malhotra SK, Jackson RA. Pre-endoscopic antibiotics for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis: do we use them appropriately?. The American journal of gastroenterology 1994. link 62 Desai SP, Yuille DL. The unsuspected complications of bacterial endocarditis imaged by gallium-67 scanning. Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 1993. link 63 Houe H, Eriksen L, Jungersen G, Pedersen D, Krogh HV. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of blood cultures from cattle clinically suspected of bacterial endocarditis. The Veterinary record 1993. link 64 Akers DL, Fowl RJ, Kempczinski RF. Mycotic aneurysm of the tibioperoneal trunk: case report and review of the literature. Journal of vascular surgery 1992. link 65 Hansen D, Schmiegelow K, Jacobsen JR. Bacterial endocarditis in children: trends in its diagnosis, course, and prognosis. Pediatric cardiology 1992. link 66 van der Meer JT, Thompson J, Valkenburg HA, Michel MF. Epidemiology of bacterial endocarditis in The Netherlands. I. Patient characteristics. Archives of internal medicine 1992. link 67 Lawrence-Friedl D, Bauer KM. Bilateral cortical blindness: an unusual presentation of bacterial endocarditis. Annals of emergency medicine 1992. link80070-8) 68 van der Meer JT, Thompson J, Valkenburg HA, Michel MF. Epidemiology of bacterial endocarditis in The Netherlands. II. Antecedent procedures and use of prophylaxis. Archives of internal medicine 1992. link 69 Little JW. Antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of bacterial endocarditis and infections of major joint prostheses [corrected]. Current opinion in dentistry 1992. link 70 Akins EW, Slone RM, Wiechmann BN, Browning M, Martin TD, Mayfield WR. Perivalvular pseudoaneurysm complicating bacterial endocarditis: MR detection in five cases. AJR. American journal of roentgenology 1991. link 71 Avery GR, Wilsdon JB, Mitchell L. Case report: CT and angiographic appearances of intrasplenic mycotic aneurysm. Clinical radiology 1991. link80195-3) 72 Kaye GC, Rodgers H, Smith DR, Turney J. Bacterial endocarditis of the tricuspid valve after insertion of a central venous catheter. The British journal of clinical practice 1990. link 73 Bullaboy CA, Coulson JD, Jennings RB, Johnson DH. Neonatal mitral valve endocarditis: diagnosis and successful management. Clinical pediatrics 1990. link 74 Callaghan TE, Russel JG. Bacterial endocarditis: risk factors in Cork dental hospital patients. Stoma (Lisbon, Portugal) 1990. link 75 Cardullo AC, Silvers DN, Grossman ME. Janeway lesions and Osler's nodes: a review of histopathologic findings. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 1990. link70157-d) 76 Kaye GC, Baig W, Mackintosh AF. QT sensing rate responsive pacing during subacute bacterial endocarditis: a case report. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE 1990. link 77 Khoo DE, Zebro TJ, English TA. Bacterial endocarditis in a transplanted heart. Pathology, research and practice 1989. link80060-3) 78 Sastroasmoro S, Madiyono B, Oesman IN, Putra ST. Bacterial endocarditis in children: clinical and laboratory findings, and the role of echocardiography in its diagnosis and management. Paediatrica Indonesiana 1989. link 79 Kunzel C, Sadowsky D. Knowledge acquisition processes: dissemination of expert recommendations to general practice dentists. Journal of health and social behavior 1989. link 80 Bayer AS. New concepts in the pathogenesis and modalities of the chemoprophylaxis of native valve endocarditis. Chest 1989. link 81 Bender IB, Barkan MJ. Dental bacteremia and its relationship to bacterial endocarditis: preventive measures. Compendium (Newtown, Pa.) 1989. link 82 Cremieux AC, Maziere B, Vallois JM, Ottaviani M, Azancot A, Raffoul H et al.. Evaluation of antibiotic diffusion into cardiac vegetations by quantitative autoradiography. The Journal of infectious diseases 1989. link 83 Perelman MJ, Sugimoto J, Arcilla RA, Karp RB. Aortic root replacement for complicated bacterial endocarditis in an infant. Journal of pediatric surgery 1989. link80088-0) 84 Oates E, Sarno RC. Detection of bacterial endocarditis with indium-111 labeled leukocytes. Clinical nuclear medicine 1988. link 85 Buiting AG, Thompson J, Emeis JJ, Mattie H, Brommer EJ, van Furth R. Effects of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) on Streptococcus sanguis-infected endocardial vegetations in vitro. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 1988. link 86 Dedrick P, Reef VB, Sweeney RW, Morris DD. Treatment of bacterial endocarditis in a horse. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1988. link 87 Doube A, Calin A. Bacterial endocarditis presenting as acute monoarthritis. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 1988. link 88 Ellison GW, King RR, Calderwood-Mays M. Medical and surgical management of multiple organ infarctions secondary to bacterial endocarditis in a dog. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 1988. link 89 Cox SM, Hankins GD, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. Bacterial endocarditis. A serious pregnancy complication. The Journal of reproductive medicine 1988. link 90 Endo M, Nishida H, Imamura E, Koyanagi H. Sutureless aortic valve replacement for periannular abscess due to active bacterial endocarditis: a new translocation technique. The Annals of thoracic surgery 1988. link64539-0) 91 Prasad TR, Valiathan MS, Venkitachalam CG, Kartha CC. Unusual manifestation of valvular vegetations. The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon 1988. link 92 Cosmo LY, Risi G, Nelson S, Subramanian P, Martin D, Haponik EF. Fatal hemoptysis in acute bacterial endocarditis. The American review of respiratory disease 1988. link 93 Olalla JJ, Vazquez de Prada JA, Duran RM, Villarroel MT, Otero Fernandez M. Color Doppler diagnosis of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. Chest 1988. link 94 Matsukawa T, Yoshii S, Hashimoto R, Muto S, Suzuki S, Ueno A. Quadricuspid aortic valve perforation resulting from bacterial endocarditis--2-D echo- and angiographic diagnosis and its surgical treatment. Japanese circulation journal 1988. link 95 Leclerc Y, Verreault J, Bisson G. Gallium-67 citrate accumulation in a mycotic popliteal artery aneurysm. Clinical nuclear medicine 1988. link 96 Sadowsky D, Kunzel C. Recommendations for prevention of bacterial endocarditis: compliance by dental general practitioners. Circulation 1988. link 97 Cachera JP, Loisance D, Mourtada A, Castanié JB, Heurtematte Y. Surgical techniques for treatment of bacterial endocarditis of the mitral valve. Journal of cardiac surgery 1987. link 98 Vose JM, Smith PW, Henry M, Colan D. Recurrent Streptococcus mutans endocarditis. The American journal of medicine 1987. link90111-2) 99 Franzek DA, Engle WA, Caldwell RL. Neonatal bacterial endocarditis of the pulmonary valve: report of two cases. Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 1987. link 100 Webster A, Wilson AP, Williams AH, Treasure T, Grüneberg RN. The use of a new glycopeptide antibiotic, teicoplanin, in the treatment of bacterial endocarditis. Postgraduate medical journal 1987. link

    Original source

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