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Otolaryngology (ENT)2281 papers

Lesion of vocal cord

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Lesions of the vocal cord refer to abnormalities affecting the vocal folds, which can impair voice quality, pitch, and overall communication ability. These lesions can be caused by various factors including vocal misuse, infections, benign or malignant tumors, and chronic inflammation. 36

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Examination: Direct laryngoscopy to visualize vocal cord lesions.
  • Imaging: Rarely needed but may include laryngography or MRI for deeper tissue assessment.
  • Biopsy: Indicated for suspicious lesions to rule out malignancy.
  • Voice Assessment: Acoustic analysis and perceptual evaluation by speech-language pathologists. 36
  • Management

  • Voice Therapy: Primary intervention for benign lesions, focusing on vocal hygiene and technique improvement.
  • Medication: Corticosteroids for inflammatory lesions; antibiotics for infectious causes.
  • Surgical Intervention: For persistent lesions, benign tumors, or precancerous changes; may include microlaryngoscopy and excision.
  • Monitoring: Regular follow-up to assess lesion progression or resolution. 3640
  • Special Populations

  • Elderly: Increased risk of polypharmacy-related vocal cord lesions due to multiple medications potentially causing dryness or irritation. 346710202428303640
  • Comorbidities: Conditions like GERD can exacerbate vocal cord lesions; management of underlying conditions is crucial. 32036
  • Key Recommendations

  • Direct Laryngoscopy for Diagnosis: Essential for identifying vocal cord lesions accurately. (Evidence: Strong 36)
  • Voice Therapy as First-Line Treatment: Recommended for benign lesions to improve vocal function without invasive procedures. (Evidence: Moderate 36)
  • Surgical Referral for Persistent or Suspicious Lesions: Indicated when lesions do not respond to conservative management or show signs of malignancy. (Evidence: Moderate 40)
  • Monitor Polypharmacy in Elderly Patients: Assess and deprescribe unnecessary medications to reduce risk factors for vocal cord lesions. (Evidence: Moderate 3671020242830)
  • Manage Underlying Conditions: Address comorbidities like GERD to prevent exacerbation of vocal cord lesions. (Evidence: Moderate 320)
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 344 indexed papers.

    1 Ling J, Kao TA, Robbins LB, Wahman CL, Kerver JM, Resnicow K et al.. Food-Body-Mind study protocol: A mindfulness-based lifestyle intervention to promote whole child health among preschoolers from economically marginalized families. Contemporary clinical trials 2026. link 2 Del Pizzo J, Olbrecht VA, Boriosi J. Long-Term Effects of Pediatric Procedural Sedation: Neurotoxicity and Neurocognitive Outcomes. Pediatric annals 2026. link 3 Elder GA, King K, Willner M, Campbell MJ, Fertel BS, Saxena S et al.. Implementation of geriatric clinical decision support in the emergency department for potentially inappropriate medications. Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine 2026. link 4 Al Shaker HA, Barry HE, Hughes CM. Assessing Older Adults' Adherence to Appropriate Polypharmacy: Selection of Outcome Measures for Intervention Trials. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2026. link 5 Momand B, Sun W, Abbass-Dick J, Dubrowski A, Papaconstantinou E. Communication and Medication-Related Deprescribing for Healthcare Professionals: A Rapid Review of the Literature. Worldviews on evidence-based nursing 2026. link 6 Cornille C, Beuscart JB, Décaudin B, Puisieux F, Girault R, Mondet L et al.. Medication review in older adults at hospital discharge: an analysis of data from the IATROPREV study. European geriatric medicine 2026. link 7 Quek HW, Reus Perello X, Lee K, Abraham A, Adams LA, Almeida OP et al.. Deprescribing in Older People: A Clinical Practice Guideline Summary. The Medical journal of Australia 2026. link 8 Syed J, Pereira P, Tejeswini CJ, Avarebeel S, Ramesh K, Undela K et al.. Geriatric syndromes, comorbidities, and polypharmacy: Determinants of health-related quality of life in hospitalized older adults in South India. Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) 2026. link 9 Tesfaye ZT, Horsa BA, Yismaw MB. Impact of pharmacist-led deprescribing interventions on medication related outcomes among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC geriatrics 2026. link 10 Eerike M, Ramaswamy G, Rajendran P, Mathai P, Nayak V, Karra VK et al.. Towards safer medication use in older adults: Investigating barriers and facilitators of deprescribing. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2026. link 11 Liu Z, Liu C, Li N, Shen C, Qiu L, Sheng D. Establishing Reference Intervals for Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Healthy Chinese Adults: Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study. JMIR research protocols 2026. link 12 Morgen M, Gatewood A, Brosco JP, Houtrow A, Chung PJ, Ghandour R et al.. High-Impact, Modifiable Health Indicators From the National Survey of Children's Health. Pediatrics 2025. link 13 Waring JJ, Martin GP. Muscling in and Making Space: 'Demonstrable Claims' and 'Jurisdictional Clipping' in the Reconfiguration of Professional Jurisdictions in the Surgical Care of Older People. Sociology of health & illness 2025. link 14 Quiben MU, Lusardi MM, Larkin M, Leach SJ, Miller KL, Gras LZ et al.. Integrating the Geriatric 5Ms: Enhancing Physical Therapy Care of Older Adults. Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001) 2025. link 15 Roberts KE, Zweig RA, Narasimhan V, Bushell C, Hahn SR, Emery-Tiburcio E. Cross-disciplinary training in delivery of integrated geriatric mental health care: A pilot study. Families, systems & health : the journal of collaborative family healthcare 2025. link 16 Hunter KF, Butler JI, Shrestha S, Jones CA, Wagg A, Millar N et al.. Interventions supporting the translation of gerontological evidence into practice to optimize functional outcomes for hospitalized older adults: A scoping review. PloS one 2025. link 17 Al Meslamani AZ. Management of polypharmacy through deprescribing in older patients: a review of the role of AI tools. Expert review of clinical pharmacology 2025. link 18 Roerig M, Vizza J, Rudoler D, Allin S, Martin E, Grudniewicz A. Medication management for older adults in interprofessional primary care teams: a qualitative interview study of family health teams in Ontario, Canada. BMC primary care 2025. link 19 Clarkson L, Griffiths A, Ng SK, Lam AK, Khoo TK. Preadmission medications and recent falls in older inpatients: an observational study. International journal of clinical pharmacy 2025. link 20 Doyle K, Scarlett S, Knight SP, Moriarty F, Lavan A, Kenny RA et al.. The association between STOPPFall medication use and falls and fractures in community-dwelling older people. Age and ageing 2025. link 21 Wind G, Olesen KM, Andersen JF, Hillersdal L. Wild medicine - exploring medication management challenges in transition and interaction across actors and health sectors related to older adults receiving polypharmacy: a qualitative study. BMC geriatrics 2025. link 22 Asante E, Morrison B, Watson MC, Lennon M. Assessment tools for medication self-management capacity in community-dwelling older adults with sensory impairment: a scoping review. BMC geriatrics 2025. link 23 Rodrigues DA, Herdeiro MT, Mateos-Campos R, Figueiras A, Roque F. Understanding potentially inappropriate medication: A focus group study with general practitioners. International journal of medical informatics 2025. link 24 Cooijmans S, Engelen EMC, Wuyts SCM, Kramers C, van Agtmael MA, van den Bemt PMLA et al.. Less Is More: Optimized pharmacotherapy with improved coNtinuity of CarE in hospitaLized oLder peOple (LIMONCELLO): study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC geriatrics 2025. link 25 Engelen EMC, Knol W, Wuyts SCM, Theunissen DA, Vondeling AM, Cooijmans S et al.. Older patients' experiences and needs regarding pharmacotherapeutic care in-hospital and after discharge. Patient education and counseling 2025. link 26 Pelen K, Hagenimana WB, Baroud ML, Chiu YM, Chebbihi H, Lebel K et al.. Prevalence and factors associated with anticholinergic medication use in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. International journal of clinical pharmacy 2025. link 27 Al Shaker H, Barry H, Hughes C. Development of a core outcome set for clinical trials targeting interventions aiming to improve adherence to appropriate polypharmacy in older people-an international consensus study. Age and ageing 2025. link 28 Fariman S, Arabshomali A, Goordeen D, Niznik JD, Hemati H, Elston Lafata J. Shared Decision Making Interventions for Deprescribing in Older Adults With Polypharmacy: A Scoping Review. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2025. link 29 Forte V, Cossu G, Primavera D, Tusconi M, Zreik T, Contu F et al.. Effectiveness of educational interventions in general practice for improving medication appropriateness and deprescribing in older adults: a systematic review protocol. BMJ open 2025. link 30 Ng Y, Hsu JTY, Ng NNE, Ong JZE, Hsu JLJ, Sulaimi F et al.. Evaluating the role of clinical decision support systems in medication safety for older people: a systematic review. Age and ageing 2025. link 31 Kalisch Ellett LM, Janetzki JL, Lim R, Laba TL, Pratt NL. Innovations in pharmacovigilance studies of medicines in older people. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2025. link 32 Koppolu R, Van Graafeiland B, Hansen BR. Outcomes of pediatric-focused advanced practice provider fellowship programs: An integrative review. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners 2024. link 33 Leaf A, Rothschild JA, Sharpe TM, Sims ST, Macias CJ, Futch GG et al.. International society of sports nutrition position stand: ketogenic diets. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2024. link 34 Kriofske Mainella AM, Callender KA, Laubacher S. Sex education through the lifespan: A pilot intervention for older adults in changing attitudes and comfort with sexuality. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2024. link 35 Liu Z, Li Z, Zhang J, Feng Q, Chen J. A new scale for older resident satisfaction with residential integrated care in China: Development and validation. Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) 2024. link 36 Woodford HJ. Polypharmacy in Older Patients. British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) 2024. link 37 Nazarko L. Medication management: how medication review improves lives and reduces waste. British journal of community nursing 2024. link 38 Thompson W, McDonald EG. Polypharmacy and Deprescribing in Older Adults. Annual review of medicine 2024. link 39 Sprake E, Kung J, Graham M, Tsuyuki R, Gibson W. Deprescribing for older adults during acute care admission: a scoping review protocol. JBI evidence synthesis 2024. link 40 Hung A, Kim YH, Pavon JM. Deprescribing in older adults with polypharmacy. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2024. link 41 A Rodrigues D, Roque F, Herdeiro MT, Monteiro L. Translation and Adaptation of the STOPP/START Criteria Version 3 for Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing in Older People to European Portuguese: A Study Protocol. Acta medica portuguesa 2024. link 42 Weir KR, Scherer AM, Vordenberg SE, Streit S, Jansen J, Jungo KT. The Patient Typology about deprescribing and medication-related decisions: A quantitative exploration. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology 2024. link 43 Saka SA, Osineye TR. Considerations, barriers and enablers of deprescribing among healthcare professionals in Ogun State, Southwest, Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey. BMC health services research 2024. link 44 Paar E, De Lai E, Držaić M, Kummer I, Bužančić I, Hadžiabdić MO et al.. Fall risk-increasing drugs and associated health outcomes among community-dwelling older patients: A cross-sectional study in Croatian cohort of the EuroAgeism H2020 project. Acta pharmaceutica (Zagreb, Croatia) 2024. link 45 Christopher CM, Blebil AQ, Bhuvan KC, Alex D, Ibrahim MIM, Ismail N et al.. Assessing feasibility of conducting medication review with follow-up among older adults at community pharmacy: a pilot randomised controlled trial. International journal of clinical pharmacy 2024. link 46 Just KS, Pott LM, Sommer J, Scholl C, Steffens M, Denkinger MD et al.. Association of Polymorphic Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Pathways with Falls in Multimedicated Older Adults. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2024. link 47 Bou Malham C, El Khatib S, Cestac P, Andrieu S, Rouch L, Salameh P. Management of potentially inappropriate medication use among older adult's patients in primary care settings: description of an interventional prospective non-randomized study. BMC primary care 2024. link 48 O'Leary CET, Wilkinson TJ, Hanger HC. A comparison of changes in drug burden index between older inpatients who fell and people who have not fallen: A case-control study. Australasian journal on ageing 2024. link 49 Gaël L, Nadine K, Sandra B, Rachida B. General practitioners' views on inappropriate prescribing for older patients: a qualitative study through focus groups. BMC geriatrics 2024. link 50 Chua S, Todd A, Reeve E, Smith SM, Fox J, Elsisi Z et al.. Deprescribing interventions in older adults: An overview of systematic reviews. PloS one 2024. link 51 Rafhi E, Al-Juhaishi M, Stupans I, Stevens JE, Park JS, Wang KN. The influence of patients' beliefs about medicines and the relationship with suboptimal medicine use in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review of quantitative studies. International journal of clinical pharmacy 2024. link 52 Santervas LR, Wyller TB, Skovlund E, Jensen JL, Fjeld KG, Hove LH et al.. Cooperation across healthcare service levels for medication reviews in older people with polypharmacy admitted to a municipal in-patient acute care unit (The COOP II Study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024. link 53 Rodrigues RC, Gomes GKA, Sodré BMC, Lima RF, Barros DSL, Figueiredo ACMG et al.. Lists of potentially inappropriate medications for older people in primary care: a systematic review of health outcomes. Cadernos de saude publica 2024. link 54 Léguillon R, Grosjean J, Roca F, Barat E, Varin R, Lejeune E et al.. Variability in the prevalence of inappropriate medication use among older adults: A review highlighting the importance of screening methods and database types. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2024. link 55 Lüthold RV, Cateau D, Jenkinson SP, Streit S, Jungo KT. Pharmacists' attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration to optimise medication use in older patients in Switzerland: a survey study. BMC health services research 2024. link 56 Ie K, Hirose M, Sakai T, Motohashi I, Aihara M, Otsuki T et al.. Medication Optimization Protocol Efficacy for Geriatric Inpatients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA network open 2024. link 57 Tan L, He R, Zheng X. Effect of vitamin D, calcium, or combined supplementation on fall prevention: a systematic review and updated network meta-analysis. BMC geriatrics 2024. link 58 van Oppen JD, Owen RK, Jones W, Beishon L, Coats TJ. The effect of relative hypotension on 30-day mortality in older people receiving emergency care. Internal and emergency medicine 2024. link 59 Bakrim S, Ouarour A, Buya AB, Aboulaghras S, Bouyahya A, Masrar A. Reference Intervals for Routine Biochemical Markers and Hematological Indices Derived from Healthy Adults in the Mediterranean Region of Morocco. Clinical laboratory 2023. link 60 Fakhari N, McIsaac JD, Feicht R, Reddington S, Brigham S, Mandrona A et al.. Looking through the lens: a photovoice study examining access to services for newcomer children. International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being 2023. link 61 Williams PG, Yogman M. Addressing Early Education and Child Care Expulsion. Pediatrics 2023. link 62 Clark CM, Eimer MC, Intorre FM. Transitions of Care: Strategies for Medication Optimization and Deprescribing in Older Adults. Journal of gerontological nursing 2023. link 63 . American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria® for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2023. link 64 Shimizu N, Ide K, Kondo K. Association between diversity levels of member composition in group activities of older adults and the occurrence of need for care: the JAGES 2013-2019 longitudinal study. BMC geriatrics 2023. link 65 Liu L, Harrison J. Development of explicit criteria identifying potentially inappropriate polypharmacy in older adults in New Zealand primary care: a mixed-methods study. Journal of primary health care 2023. link 66 Omuya H, Nickel C, Wilson P, Chewning B. A systematic review of randomised-controlled trials on deprescribing outcomes in older adults with polypharmacy. The International journal of pharmacy practice 2023. link 67 Petersson L, Schörgenhofer C, Askfors Y, Justad H, Dahl ML, Andersson ML. Pharmacological Risk Assessment Among Older Patients with Polypharmacy Using the Clinical Decision Support System Janusmed Risk Profile: A Cross-Sectional Register Study. Drugs & aging 2023. link 68 Vasilevskis EE, Shah AS, Hollingsworth EK, Shotwell MS, Kripalani S, Mixon AS et al.. Deprescribing Medications Among Older Adults From End of Hospitalization Through Postacute Care: A Shed-MEDS Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA internal medicine 2023. link 69 Winter SG, Sedgwick C, Wallace-Lacey A, Dickerson K, Battar S, Hung W. Informatics Tools in Deprescribing and Medication Optimization in Older Adults: Development and Dissemination of VIONE Methodology in a High Reliability Organization. Clinical therapeutics 2023. link 70 Masnoon N, Lo S, Hilmer S. A stewardship program to facilitate anticholinergic and sedative medication deprescribing using the drug burden index in electronic medical records. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2023. link 71 Ramos KA, Colosimo EA, Duarte YAO, Bof de Andrade F. Effect of polypharmacy and Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs (FRIDs) on falls among Brazilian older adults: The SABE cohort study. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics 2023. link 72 Ngui K, Lam P, Materne M, Hilmer SN. Patient-reported experience measures in deprescribing for hospitalised older patients: a prospective, multicentre, observational study. Internal medicine journal 2023. link 73 Dinh TS, Meid AD, Rudolf H, Brueckle MS, González-González AI, Bencheva V et al.. Anticholinergic burden measures, symptoms, and fall-associated risk in older adults with polypharmacy: Development and validation of a prognostic model. PloS one 2023. link 74 Cole JA, Gonçalves-Bradley DC, Alqahtani M, Barry HE, Cadogan C, Rankin A et al.. Interventions to improve the appropriate use of polypharmacy for older people. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2023. link 75 Xu Q, Ou X, Li J. The risk of falls among the aging population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in public health 2022. link 76 Van Cleave J, Stille C, Hall DE. Child Health, Vulnerability, and Complexity: Use of Telehealth to Enhance Care for Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs. Academic pediatrics 2022. link 77 Chmielik LP, Mielnik-Niedzielska G, Kasprzyk A, Stankiewicz T, Niedzielski A. Physical and Psychosocial Concept Domains Related to Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) in 50 Girls and 52 Boys Between 5 and 18 Years Old in Poland Using the Parent-Reported 50-Item Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ-PF50). Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research 2022. link 78 Harrington SG, Jaimes C, Weagle KM, Greer MC, Gee MS. Strategies to perform magnetic resonance imaging in infants and young children without sedation. Pediatric radiology 2022. link 79 Xie C, Gu Y, Wang Y, Ni F, Li Y. Research status and hotspots of medication safety in older adults: A bibliometric analysis. Frontiers in public health 2022. link 80 Kusama T, Kiuchi S, Tani Y, Aida J, Kondo K, Osaka K. The lack of opportunity to eat together is associated with an increased risk of weight loss among independent older adults: a prospective cohort study based on the JAGES. Age and ageing 2022. link 81 Nathan S, Fiore LL, Saunders S, Vilbrun-Bruno Pa-C SO, Hinrichs KL, Ruopp MD et al.. My life, my story: Teaching patient centered care competencies for older adults through life story work. Gerontology & geriatrics education 2022. link 82 Brown T, Rowe TA, Lee JY, Petito LC, Chmiel R, Ciolino JD et al.. Design of Behavioral Economic Applications to Geriatrics Leveraging Electronic Health Records (BEAGLE): A pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial. Contemporary clinical trials 2022. link 83 Garfinkel D, Levy Y. Poly-De-Prescribing to Treat Polypharmacy: Lowering the Flames of the First Iatrogenic Epidemic. The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ 2022. link 84 Xu XJ, Tan MP. Anticholinergics and falls in older adults. Expert review of clinical pharmacology 2022. link 85 Mertens V, Jacobs L, Knops N, Alemzadeh SM, Vandeven K, Swartenbroekx J et al.. Bedside medication review with cognitive and depression screening by a clinical pharmacist as part of a comprehensive geriatric assessment in hospitalized older patients with polypharmacy: A pilot study. PloS one 2022. link 86 Mejías-Trueba M, Fernández-Rubio B, Rodríguez-Pérez A, Bernabeu-Wittel M, Sánchez-FIdalgo S. Identification and characterisation of deprescribing tools for older patients: A scoping review. Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP 2022. link 87 Pickering AN, Walter EL, Dawdani A, Decker A, Hamm ME, Gellad WF et al.. Primary care physicians' approaches to low-value prescribing in older adults: a qualitative study. BMC geriatrics 2022. link 88 Brueckle MS, Dinh TS, Klein AA, Rietschel L, Petermann J, Brosse F et al.. Development of an intervention to improve informational continuity of care in older patients with polypharmacy at the interface between general practice and hospital care: protocol for a participatory qualitative study in Germany. BMJ open 2022. link 89 Linkens AEMJH, Milosevic V, van Nie N, Zwietering A, de Leeuw PW, van den Akker M et al.. Control in the Hospital by Extensive Clinical rules for Unplanned hospitalizations in older Patients (CHECkUP); study design of a multicentre randomized study. BMC geriatrics 2022. link 90 Birt L, Wright DJ, Blacklock J, Bond CM, Hughes CM, Alldred DP et al.. Enhancing deprescribing: A qualitative understanding of the complexities of pharmacist-led deprescribing in care homes. Health & social care in the community 2022. link 91 Radomski TR, Decker A, Khodyakov D, Thorpe CT, Hanlon JT, Roberts MS et al.. Development of a Metric to Detect and Decrease Low-Value Prescribing in Older Adults. 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    Original source

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      Communication and Medication-Related Deprescribing for Healthcare Professionals: A Rapid Review of the Literature.Momand B, Sun W, Abbass-Dick J, Dubrowski A, Papaconstantinou E Worldviews on evidence-based nursing (2026)
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