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Emergency Medicine59 papers

Inflammation of large intestine

Last edited: 4/10/2026

Overview

Inflammation of the large intestine can be a significant component of the pathophysiological response to surgical stress, potentially prolonging recovery 1. This inflammatory response can be measured by markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) 1.

Diagnosis

  • C-reactive protein (CRP) levels can be used to assess the inflammatory response postoperatively 1.
  • Management

  • Preoperative high-dose intravenous dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) may reduce CRP levels on postoperative day 1 following emergency laparotomy 1.
  • Dexamethasone administration in this setting has been associated with improved recovery, including better hemodynamics, pulmonary function, less fatigue, and earlier mobilization 1.
  • Stratification by surgical pathology (intestinal obstruction vs. perforated viscus) showed reduced CRP levels with dexamethasone in both groups 1.
  • Key Recommendations

  • Consider a single preoperative high dose of intravenous dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy to reduce postoperative C-reactive protein levels 1. (Evidence: Strong)
  • Preoperative high-dose dexamethasone may improve postoperative recovery, including hemodynamic stability, pulmonary function, and patient mobilization 1. (Evidence: Strong)
  • References

    1 Cihoric M, Kehlet H, Lauritsen ML, Højlund J, Kanstrup K, Kärnsund S et al.. Preoperative high dose of dexamethasone in emergency laparotomy: randomized clinical trial. The British journal of surgery 2024. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
      Preoperative high dose of dexamethasone in emergency laparotomy: randomized clinical trial.Cihoric M, Kehlet H, Lauritsen ML, Højlund J, Kanstrup K, Kärnsund S et al. The British journal of surgery (2024)

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