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Parasitic eye infection — Clinical Guidelines

Overview

Parasitic eye infections encompass various helminthic and protozoan infections affecting ocular structures, though specific ocular manifestations are not extensively detailed in the provided abstracts. The abstracts primarily focus on systemic parasitic infections with limited direct ocular involvement.

Diagnosis

Clinical Presentation: Symptoms may include ocular pain, redness, discharge, and visual disturbances 7.

Laboratory Tests: Stool examinations for parasites are crucial, especially in endemic areas 2.

Imaging and Ocular Examination: Detailed ophthalmologic examination and imaging may be necessary to identify ocular involvement 7.

Serological Testing: Not explicitly detailed in abstracts but often used in systemic parasitic infections 6.

Management

Antiparasitic Drugs: Specific drug classes and doses for ocular parasitic infections are not detailed; systemic treatments like albendazole or praziquantel are commonly used for systemic infections 2 6.

Supportive Care: Includes symptomatic treatment for ocular symptoms and addressing malnutrition or systemic complications 1.

Preventive Measures: Thorough cooking and freezing of fish to kill parasites is recommended to prevent ingestion-related infections 4.

Special Populations

Pregnancy: Obstetricians generally advise against raw fish consumption due to potential parasitic infections challenging treatment 4.

Pediatrics: High prevalence of intestinal parasites in pediatric populations necessitates regular screening and treatment, especially in resource-limited settings 2 8.

Comorbidities: No specific guidance provided in abstracts regarding comorbidities, but systemic health impacts like malnutrition should be considered 1.

Key Recommendations

Avoid consumption of raw or undercooked fish during pregnancy to prevent parasitic infections (Evidence: Expert opinion 4).

Regular screening for intestinal parasites is essential in pediatric populations, particularly in endemic areas (Evidence: Moderate 2 8).

Thorough cooking or freezing of fish can effectively kill parasites, reducing infection risk (Evidence: Expert opinion 4).

Address systemic health issues such as malnutrition in patients with parasitic infections (Evidence: Moderate 1).

Utilize ophthalmologic evaluation and imaging for suspected ocular parasitic infections, though specific treatments require further evidence (Evidence: Expert opinion 7).

References

1 Chang L, Zhang D, Wang Y, Ren Z, Wu Y, Zhang Q et al.. Pathology of fatal Baylisascaris schroederi infection in a wild giant panda. Parasite (Paris, France) 2025. link 2 Sürmeli A, Tolunay T, Yasin Y, Kusoglu H, Arcan A, Jaiswal A et al.. Child health, parasites and lower socioeconomic status: Outcomes of a long-term screening, intervention and training study by health volunteers in rural Nepal. Acta tropica 2020. link 3 Muñoz-Antoli C, Cortés A, Torres D, Esteban JG, Toledo R. Haematological changes in the laboratory rat Rattus norvegicus infected with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). Journal of helminthology 2015. link 4 Jones JL, Anderson B, Schulkin J, Parise ME, Eberhard ML. Sushi in pregnancy, parasitic diseases - obstetrician survey. Zoonoses and public health 2011. link 5 Newton LA, Chilton NB, Beveridge I, Hoste H, Nansen P, Gasser RB. Genetic markers for strongylid nematodes of livestock defined by PCR-based restriction analysis of spacer rDNA. Acta tropica 1998. link00105-8) 6 Hawthorne M, Chiodini PL, Snell JJ, Moody AH, Ramsay A. Parasitology: United Kingdom National Quality Assessment Scheme. Journal of clinical pathology 1992. link 7 el-Shazly AM, el-Desoky I, el-Feky A. A case of ectopic fascioliasis in a farmer from Mansoura City, Dakahlia, Egypt. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 1991. link 8 Yusuf R, Siregar CD, Sinuhaji AB, Sutanto AH. Intestinal parasitic infestation in pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. Paediatrica Indonesiana 1991. link 9 Gustafsson MK, Wikgren MC, Karhi TJ, Schot LP. Immunocytochemical demonstration of neuropeptides and serotonin in the tapeworm Diphyllobothrium dendriticum. Cell and tissue research 1985. link

Parasitic eye infection