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Hematology712 papers

Neonatal polycythemia

Last edited: 4/17/2026

Overview

Neonatal polycythemia refers to an elevated hematocrit level in newborns, typically defined as a hematocrit > 65% in term infants and > 60% in preterm infants, often associated with perinatal complications such as thrombosis and respiratory distress. 3959

Diagnosis

  • Key Diagnostic Criteria: Elevated hematocrit levels in neonates.
  • Recommended Tests: Complete blood count (CBC) with differential to measure hematocrit and hemoglobin levels. 39
  • Grading: Mild (65-75%), moderate (76-85%), severe (>85%) hematocrit levels. 59
  • Management

  • Phenobarbital: Used for mild cases to reduce red blood cell production. 59
  • Exchange Transfusion: Indicated for severe cases to rapidly decrease hematocrit levels. 39
  • Supportive Care: Monitoring for complications such as respiratory distress and thrombosis. 59
  • Special Populations

  • Pediatrics: Neonates are particularly vulnerable to complications like thrombocytopenia and respiratory issues associated with polycythemia. 59
  • Key Recommendations

  • Monitor Hematocrit Levels Closely in neonates to promptly identify polycythemia (Evidence: Moderate 39).
  • Initiate Phenobarbital Therapy for mild cases to manage elevated hematocrit levels (Evidence: Moderate 59).
  • Consider Exchange Transfusion for neonates with severe polycythemia to prevent serious complications (Evidence: Moderate 39).
  • Provide Comprehensive Supportive Care focusing on respiratory and thrombotic risk management (Evidence: Expert opinion 59).
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 133 indexed papers.

    1 Potochny EM, Domen RE, George MR. How do we teach blood donor center operations without a blood donor center?. Transfusion 2026. link 2 Al-Riyami AZ, Gammon RR, Seheult J, Arora S, Goel R. Artificial intelligence and transfusion education, research and practice: The view from the ISBT Clinical Transfusion Working Party. Vox sanguinis 2026. link 3 Batarilo I, Slade-Vitkovic M, Rukavina L, Harcet JG, Ljubicic J, Grdic A et al.. Monitoring bacterial contamination of blood components at the Croatian Institute of Transfusion Medicine-Evolution of strategies and results in a 14-year period (2011-2024). Vox sanguinis 2026. link 4 Rollins M, Thompson S, Rogers BB, Andrews J, Annen K, Chou ST et al.. Standardization of Blood Product Orders Improves Patient Safety in Pediatric Transfusion Medicine: A Collaborative Project. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine 2025. link 5 Pereira P, Dias AC, Luig F, Marcelino R, Moranguinho I, Cunha M et al.. Revisiting reference intervals in transfusion medicine: Innovations and challenges in current practice. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2025. link 6 Matosinho CGR, Silva CGR, Martins ML, Silva-Malta MCF. Next Generation Sequencing of Red Blood Cell Antigens in Transfusion Medicine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Transfusion medicine reviews 2024. link 7 Smit Sibinga CT. Has the knowledge economy a role to play in transfusion medicine?. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2024. link 8 Gonçalves H, Rodrigues C, Silva HF, Pereira P. Insights on trends in the management of metrological analysis of devices in blood and transfusion medicine services: Verification based on their fitness for purpose and suitability for their respective applications. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2024. link 9 Arya S, Mahar A, Callum J, Haspel RL. Examining Injustices: Transfusion Medicine and Race. Transfusion medicine reviews 2024. link 10 Nizeyimana F, Pendergrast J, Ntegerejuwampayee A, Lin Y, Kanyamuhunga A, Gashaija C et al.. Transfusion Camp Rwanda 2023: A train-the-trainer workshop establishing locally driven leadership in knowledge translation and sustainability in transfusion medicine education. Vox sanguinis 2024. link 11 Connelly NR, Adler AC, Vanderberg LE, Conlin F, Mitchell JD, Goldstein S et al.. Anesthesiology Resident Knowledge of Transfusion Medicine: Results From the Anesthesiology Transfusion Education Study. Anesthesia and analgesia 2024. link 12 Gupta A, Dhawan HK, Jain R, Sharma RR, Kaushal V, Singh A et al.. Enhancing clinical insight: Implementing validated questionnaires for comprehensive assessment of clinician expertise in transfusion medicine practices. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2024. link 13 Kleuskens DG, Van Veen CMC, Groenendaal F, Ganzevoort W, Gordijn SJ, Van Rijn BB et al.. Prediction of fetal and neonatal outcomes after preterm manifestations of placental insufficiency: systematic review of prediction models. Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023. link 14 Garraud O, Politis C, Henschler R, Vlaar APJ, Haddad A, Ertuğrul Örüç N et al.. Ethics in transfusion medicine: Are the intricate layers of ethics all universal? A global view. Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine 2023. link 15 Jacobs JW, Adkins BD, Woo JS, Lally K, Booth GS. Analysis of gender representation on transfusion medicine journal editorial boards: Comparison between 2019 and 2022. Vox sanguinis 2023. link 16 Karafin MS, DeSimone RA, Dvorak J, Metcalf RA, Pagano MB, Park YA et al.. Antibody Titers in Transfusion Medicine: A Critical Reevaluation of Testing Accuracy, Reliability, and Clinical Use. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine 2023. link 17 Tanhehco YC, Ipe TS, Booth GS, Adkins BD. Academic Productivity of Early Career Transfusion Medicine Specialists: A Workforce Study. Transfusion medicine reviews 2023. link 18 Birch RJ, Umbel K, Karafin MS, Goel R, Mathew S, Pace W. How do we build a comprehensive Vein-to-Vein (V2V) database for conduct of observational studies in transfusion medicine? Demonstrated with the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-IV-Pediatric V2V database protocol. Transfusion 2023. link 19 Pereyra N, Devine DV. How do I/we forecast tomorrows' transfusion: Blood components. Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine 2023. link 20 Poh KY, Jackson N. Transfusion medicine knowledge among clinicians at a teaching hospital in Malaysia. The Malaysian journal of pathology 2023. link 21 Zeller MP, Laureano M, Khandelwal A, Lane SJ, Haspel R, Fung M. Optimizing Informed Consent Discussions: Developing a Narrative for Transfusion Consent. Transfusion medicine reviews 2023. link 22 Bolliger D, Tanaka KA, Steiner LA. Patient blood management programmes: keeping the ball rolling. British journal of anaesthesia 2023. link 23 Samukange WT, Lu TA, Souverein PC, Gardarsdottir H, Mantel-Teeuwisse AK. Suspected adverse reactions reported for blood, blood components, and blood products in VigiBase. Transfusion 2023. link 24 Fantasia I, Bussolaro S, Stampalija T, Rolnik DL. The role of melatonin in pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency: A systematic review. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology 2022. link 25 Badami KG, Chai K. Placebo and nocebo effects in transfusion medicine. Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) 2022. link 26 Slavov SN. Viral Metagenomics for Identification of Emerging Viruses in Transfusion Medicine. Viruses 2022. link 27 Jacobs JW, Adkins BD, Stephens LD, Woo JS, Booth GS. Gender Inequities in Transfusion Medicine Society Recognition Awards. Transfusion medicine reviews 2022. link 28 Alabdullatif M, Alzahrani A. Expression of biofilm-associated genes in Staphylococcus aureus during storage of platelet concentrates. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2022. link 29 Suleiman L, Bakhtary S, Boscardin CK, Manuel SP. Development and validation of the safe transfusion assessment tool. Transfusion 2022. link 30 Gammon RR, Alcorn K, Friedman M, Hogan S, Manwanga S, Marinaro L et al.. Critical conversations on patient blood management with clinical colleagues. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2022. link 31 Peedin AR. Update in Transfusion Medicine Education. Clinics in laboratory medicine 2021. link 32 Suleiman L, Bakhtary S, Manuel SP. Defining core competencies in transfusion medicine for resident physicians: A multi-specialty Delphi consensus study. Transfusion 2021. link 33 Nguyen JT, Rioveros J, Ziman A, McGonigle AM, Ward DC. How do we implement pathogen reduction technology, while maintaining an adequate platelet inventory for our patients?. Transfusion 2021. link 34 Thelliez A, Hénard G, Delorme B, Chatellier S, Danel C, Ducoroy L et al.. Specification and Evaluation of Plasticizer Migration Simulants for Human Blood Products: A Delphi Study. Biomolecules 2021. link 35 Hermida-Nogueira L, García Á. Extracellular vesicles in the transfusion medicine field: The potential of proteomics. Proteomics 2021. link 36 Halford B, Pinheiro A, Haspel RL. Hospital Medicine Providers' Transfusion Knowledge: A Survey Study. Transfusion medicine reviews 2021. link 37 Xiang RF, Quinn JG, Watson S, Kumar-Misir A, Cheng C. Application of unsupervised machine learning to identify areas of blood product wastage in transfusion medicine. Vox sanguinis 2021. link 38 Reeves HM, Goodhue Meyer E, Harm SK, Lieberman L, Pyles R, Rajbhandary S et al.. Neonatal and pediatric blood bank practice in the United States: Results from the AABB pediatric transfusion medicine subsection survey. Transfusion 2021. link 39 Gammon RR, Rosenbaum L, Cooke R, Friedman M, Rockwood L, Nichols T et al.. Maintaining adequate donations and a sustainable blood supply: Lessons learned. Transfusion 2021. link 40 Klein HG. A novel virus transforms blood transfusion: This is the first in a series of periodic commentaries by leaders in transfusion medicine reflecting on transformational events in their careers. Transfusion 2020. link 41 Shih AW, Morrison D, Sekhon AS, Lin Y, Chargé S, Chipperfield K et al.. Educating the next frontier of transfusionists: a transfusion camp pilot program for nurse practitioners. Transfusion 2020. link 42 Murphy CH, Lim AY, Chua L, Shan H, Goodnough LT, Virk MS. Establishing a Satellite Transfusion Service Within an Academic Medical Center. American journal of clinical pathology 2020. link 43 Smit Sibinga CT, Abdella YE, Seghatchian J. Poor economics - Transforming challenges in transfusion medicine and science into opportunities. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2020. link 44 Garraud O, Vuk T, Lozano M, Tissot JD. Transfusion medicine: Overtime paradigm changes and emerging paradoxes. Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine 2020. link 45 France C, Marks P, Jones J, Sher G, Bult JM, Winters JL et al.. Proceedings of the AABB blood center executive summit. Transfusion 2020. link 46 Ameen R, Al Shemmari S, Harris S, Teramura G, Delaney M. Classification of major and minor blood group antigens in the Kuwaiti Arab population. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2020. link 47 Shah NK. Decision Support in Transfusion Medicine and Blood Banking. Clinics in laboratory medicine 2019. link 48 Franchini M, Marano G, Veropalumbo E, Masiello F, Pati I, Candura F et al.. Patient Blood Management: a revolutionary approach to transfusion medicine. Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue 2019. link 49 D'Alessandro A. From omics technologies to personalized transfusion medicine. Expert review of proteomics 2019. link 50 Storch EK, Custer BS, Jacobs MR, Menitove JE, Mintz PD. Review of current transfusion therapy and blood banking practices. Blood reviews 2019. link 51 Laher M, Patel M. Assessment of the knowledge of usage of blood and blood products amongst medical doctors in the Department of Medicine at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand affiliated academic hospitals. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2019. link 52 Edgren G, Hjalgrim H. Epidemiology of donors and recipients: lessons from the SCANDAT database. Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) 2019. link 53 Montemayor C, Brunker PAR, Keller MA. Banking with precision: transfusion medicine as a potential universal application in clinical genomics. Current opinion in hematology 2019. link 54 Elkins MB, Davenport RD, Bluth MH. Molecular Pathology in Transfusion Medicine: New Concepts and Applications. Clinics in laboratory medicine 2018. link 55 Leach Bennett J, Devine DV. Risk-based decision making in transfusion medicine. Vox sanguinis 2018. link 56 Yazer MH, Lozano M, Fung M, Kutner J, Murphy MF, Oveland Apelseth T et al.. An international survey on the role of the hospital transfusion committee. Transfusion 2017. link 57 Thibert JB, Le Vacon F, Danic B. Lean management and medical laboratory: application in transfusionnal immuno-hematology. Annales de biologie clinique 2017. link 58 Hess JR, Hayden BK, Cruz-Cody VG, Louzon MJ, Tuott EE, Sen NE et al.. Building a New Transfusion Service. American journal of clinical pathology 2017. link 59 Cui Z, Zhang Y, Liang L, Li Z, Hao Q. Macular hemorrhages associated with neonatal polycythemia and thrombocytopenia: A case report. Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie 2017. link 60 Schmidt AE, Refaai MA, Blumberg N. Past, present and forecast of transfusion medicine: What has changed and what is expected to change?. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983) 2016. link 61 Jackups R, Savage W. Gaps in Research on Adverse Events to Transfusion in Pediatrics. Transfusion medicine reviews 2016. link 62 Nemkov T, Hansen KC, Dumont LJ, D'Alessandro A. Metabolomics in transfusion medicine. Transfusion 2016. link 63 Lin Y, Tinmouth A, Mallick R, Haspel RL. BEST-TEST2: assessment of hematology trainee knowledge of transfusion medicine. Transfusion 2016. link 64 Fortin S, Cardona LG, Latreille M, Tucci M, Lacroix J. Blood transfusion in acute and chronic pediatric settings: beliefs and practices. Transfusion 2016. link 65 Savage W. Implementing a blood utilization program to optimize transfusion practice. Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2015. link 66 Johnsen JM. Using red blood cell genomics in transfusion medicine. Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program 2015. link 67 Folléa G, Aranko K. The revision of the European blood directives: A major challenge for transfusion medicine. Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Societe francaise de transfusion sanguine 2015. link 68 Azizi MH, Nayernouri T, Bahadori M. The History of the Foundation of the Iranian National Blood Transfusion Service in 1974 and the Biography of its Founder; Professor Fereydoun Ala. Archives of Iranian medicine 2015. link 69 Henkelman S, Noorman F, Badloe JF, Lagerberg JW. Utilization and quality of cryopreserved red blood cells in transfusion medicine. Vox sanguinis 2015. link 70 Miller K, Akers C, Davis AK, Wood E, Hennessy C, Bielby L. The evolving role of the transfusion practitioner. Transfusion medicine reviews 2015. link 71 Perry H, Henry S. Training students in serologic reaction grading increased perceptions of self-efficacy and ability to recognize serologic reactions but decreased grading accuracy. Transfusion 2015. link 72 Sellen KM, Jovanovic A, Perrier L, Chignell M. Systematic review of electronic remote blood issue. Vox sanguinis 2015. link 73 Fujihara H, Yamada C, Furumaki H, Nagai S, Shibata H, Ishizuka K et al.. Evaluation of the in-hospital hemovigilance by introduction of the information technology-based system. Transfusion 2015. link 74 Chen C, Wang Y, Lockwood SY, Spence DM. 3D-printed fluidic devices enable quantitative evaluation of blood components in modified storage solutions for use in transfusion medicine. The Analyst 2014. link 75 Graham J, Grant-Casey J, Alston R, Baker P, Pendry K. Assessing transfusion competency in junior doctors: a retrospective cohort study. Transfusion 2014. link 76 Lefrère JJ, Berche P. Arnault Tzanck (1886-1954), founder of the first blood centre worldwide. Journal of medical biography 2013. link 77 Peyrard T. The LAN blood group system:a review. Immunohematology 2013. link 78 Chunhui Y, Guohui B, Hong Y, Xiaopu X, Zherong B, Mingyuan W et al.. Quantitative evaluation of plasma after methylene blue and white light treatment in four Chinese blood centers. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2013. link 79 Nollet KE, Ohto H. When all else fails: 21st century Amateur Radio as an emergency communications medium. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 2013. link 80 Russo P, Piazza M, Leonardi G, Roncoroni L, Russo C, Spadaro S et al.. Developing an eLearning tool formalizing in YAWL the guidelines used in a transfusion medicine service. Studies in health technology and informatics 2012. link 81 Garza MN, Pulido LA, Amerson M, Ali FA, Greenhill BA, Griffin G et al.. A professional development model for medical laboratory scientists working in the immunohematology laboratory. Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology 2012. link 82 Walker T, Steckler D, Spellman S, Haven D, Welte K, Boo M. Awareness and acceptance of public cord blood banking among practicing obstetricians in the United States. Transfusion 2012. link 83 Downes KA, Shulman IA. Pretransfusion testing practices in North America, 2005-2010: an analysis of the College Of American Pathologists Interlaboratory Comparison Program J-survey data, 2005-2010. Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine 2012. link 84 Shin S, Yoon JH, Lee HR, Kim BJ, Roh EY. Perspectives of potential donors on cord blood and cord blood cryopreservation: a survey of highly educated, pregnant Korean women receiving active prenatal care. Transfusion 2011. link 85 van de Watering L. Red cell storage and prognosis. Vox sanguinis 2011. link 86 Welck M, Borg P, Ellis H. James Blundell MD Edin FRCP (1790-1877): pioneer of blood transfusion. Journal of medical biography 2010. link 87 Hill QA, Hill A, Allard S, Murphy MF. Towards better blood transfusion--recruitment and training. Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) 2009. link 88 Staccini P, Rouger P. Modeling and using a web-based and tutored portfolio to support certification of professional competence in transfusion medicine. AMIA ... 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Polycythemia and hyperviscosity in the newborn. Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis 2003. link 96 Nuttall GA, Stehling LC, Beighley CM, Faust RJ. Current transfusion practices of members of the american society of anesthesiologists: a survey. Anesthesiology 2003. link 97 Ciaravino V, McCullough T, Cimino G, Sullivan T. Preclinical safety profile of plasma prepared using the INTERCEPT Blood System. Vox sanguinis 2003. link 98 Mendes P. Transfusion medicine technology transfer: traps to avoid. Transfusion medicine reviews 2002. link 99 Downes KA, Yomtovian R. Advances in pretransfusion infectious disease testing: ensuring the safety of transfusion therapy. Clinics in laboratory medicine 2002. link00007-5) 100 Mullens A. Concern mounts as transfusion medicine loses its lustre. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne 1998. link

    Original source

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