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Mumps — Clinical Guidelines

Overview

Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus, typically characterized by parotitis but capable of causing a range of systemic complications including neurological, cardiac, renal, and hematological issues 1 2 3 4 5.

Diagnosis

Clinical presentation often includes parotid gland swelling.

Laboratory confirmation via serology: mumps-specific IgM and IgG antibodies 6.

Solid-phase radioimmunoassay for mumps antibodies offers high sensitivity 6.

Management

Supportive care: hydration, pain management, and monitoring for complications 1 2.

Specific treatments are generally supportive; no antiviral therapy is widely recommended 1 2 3 4 5.

For acute renal failure, fluid and alkali therapy may be necessary 1.

Special Populations

Pediatrics: Complications such as acute hemolytic anemia, myocarditis, and thrombocytopenic purpura are noted 1 2 5.

Comorbidities: Individuals with underlying conditions may experience more severe complications like myocarditis and renal failure 2 3.

Key Recommendations

Screen for mumps immunity using sensitive serological methods such as solid-phase radioimmunoassay to guide vaccination programs (Evidence: Moderate) 6.

Closely monitor pediatric patients for uncommon complications including hemolytic anemia, myocarditis, and thrombocytopenic purpura (Evidence: Weak) 1 2 5.

Provide supportive care tailored to specific complications, such as fluid and alkali therapy for renal involvement (Evidence: Expert opinion) 1.

References

1 Ozen S, Damarguc I, Besbas N, Saatci U, Kanra T, Gurgey A. A case of mumps associated with acute hemolytic crisis resulting in hemoglobinuria and acute renal failure. Journal of medicine 1994. link 2 Ozkutlu S, Soylemezoglu O, Calikoglu AS, Kale G, Karaaslan E. Fatal mumps myocarditis. Japanese heart journal 1989. link 3 Becker Y. Complications after mumps result from damage to the pancreas. Medical hypotheses 1985. link90023-4) 4 Slagsvold JE. Acute ocular hypotony as a manifestation of mumps. A case report. Acta ophthalmologica 1980. link 5 Ninomiya N, Maeda T, Matsuda I. Thrombocytopenic purpura occurring during the early phase of a mumps infection. Helvetica paediatrica acta 1977. link 6 Hernandez R, Just M, Bürgin-Wolff A. Screening for mumps immunity with the microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Infection 1976. link

Mumps