← Back to guidelines
Gastroenterology4300 papers

Hepatic vein thrombosis

Last edited: 4/23/2026

Overview

Hepatic vein thrombosis (HVT), also known as Budd-Chiari syndrome, involves obstruction of hepatic venous outflow, often leading to liver congestion and dysfunction. It can result from primary thrombosis or secondary causes like tumor compression or hypercoagulable states. 1629

Diagnosis

  • Clinical Presentation: Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly, and signs of portal hypertension.
  • Imaging: Ultrasound, CT, or MRI venography to visualize thrombus in hepatic veins.
  • Laboratory Tests: Elevated liver enzymes, prolongation of prothrombin time (PT), and elevated D-dimer levels.
  • Doppler Ultrasound: Essential for confirming the presence and extent of thrombosis. 1629
  • Management

  • Anticoagulation: Initial treatment with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as rivaroxaban or apixaban. 1622
  • Thrombolysis: Considered for severe cases, often using systemic or catheter-directed thrombolysis.
  • Surgical Interventions: Portoystemic shunting or liver transplantation in refractory cases.
  • Management of Complications: Ascites management, treatment of portal hypertension, and addressing underlying causes. 1629
  • Special Populations

  • Pregnancy: Factor V Leiden mutation should be considered in pregnant women with thrombosis; anticoagulation management requires careful balancing of risks. 12
  • Elderly: Increased risk of complications; careful monitoring and individualized anticoagulation dosing are crucial. 9
  • Comorbidities: Presence of thrombophilia (e.g., Protein C Asn384Ser mutation) necessitates tailored anticoagulation strategies. 11
  • Key Recommendations

  • Initiate anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for initial management of hepatic vein thrombosis. (Evidence: Strong 1622)
  • Consider catheter-directed thrombolysis for severe cases with significant hemodynamic compromise. (Evidence: Moderate 29)
  • Tailor anticoagulation strategies based on underlying thrombophilic conditions to prevent recurrence. (Evidence: Moderate 11)
  • Regularly monitor for and manage complications such as ascites and portal hypertension. (Evidence: Expert opinion)
  • References

    Showing 100 most recent of 4099 indexed papers.

    1 Tong CX, Ma R, Meng T. Left ovarian vein thrombosis suspected during cesarean section and confirmed postoperatively: a case report and review of the literature. BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2026. link 2 Shi H, Zhao Y, Shi X, Hao Y, Ren D, Liu Y et al.. Effects of traditional Chinese medicine decoctions on coagulation and deep vein thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty: Network meta-analysis. Explore (New York, N.Y.) 2026. link 3 Zhang X, Li G, Hu B, Huang X, Sun Y. Development and Characterization of a Large Animal Model for Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to Chronic Iliac Vein Stenosis. Annals of vascular surgery 2026. link 4 Parks AL, Jenkins SL, Vazquez SR, Swenson E, Lim MY, Moser KA et al.. The clot cases conference: a proposed model to enhance multidisciplinary thrombosis care. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis 2026. link 5 Shu D, Zhu Y, Yi X, Fan Y, Wu XY, Guo F et al.. Sanguinarine inhibits deep venous thrombosis by suppressing platelets TLR4 and reducing the release of platelets-derived HMGB1. International immunopharmacology 2026. link 6 Huang M, He X, Liu M, Zhang L, Huang R, Tan J et al.. Application of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction in Thrombus therapy. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society 2026. link 7 Ruiz-Artacho P, Lecumberri R, Trujillo-Santos J, Beddar Chaib F, Moustafa F, Lorenzo A et al.. Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Standard Therapy in Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: Real-World Evidence. Thrombosis and haemostasis 2026. link 8 Xu M, Zhao H, Xu K, Zhao Y. Apelin-13 regulated thrombotic inflammation and induced homing of EPCs to promote the dissolution and recanalization of deep vein thrombosis. International immunopharmacology 2026. link 9 Peng H, Wen J, Chen M, Jiang Y, Ou J, Wu X. Effect of preoperative liposomal bupivacaine single-injection pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block on lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fractures: a randomised controlled, double-blind, prospective clinical study protocol. BMJ open 2026. link 10 Hamdan R, Paleau A, Leboffe M, Ighilkrim K, Chapalain-Cagnon J, Chrétien N et al.. Proximal lower-limb septic deep vein thrombosis contiguous with salmonella arteritis: a case report. European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology 2026. link 11 Yuan J, Zhou S, Wu X, Li F, Lai Z, Ding Q et al.. Asn384Ser Mutation in Protein C is Associated with Multiple-Site Thrombosis in a Young Heterozygous Male. Thrombosis and haemostasis 2026. link 12 Shimizu K, Iwakawa M, Suzuki Y, Murano T. Factor V Leiden Mutation Diagnosed After the Onset of DVT During Pregnancy in a Woman of Half-Japanese, Half-European Descent. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2026. link 13 Gu C, Wang L, Tian R, Qian H, Wu M, Zhu X et al.. TANK-binding kinase 1 inhibitor GSK8612 suppresses platelet function and thrombosis via the ERK/P38 signaling pathway. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease 2026. link 14 Chanchal S, Singh K, Safdar R, Mohd S, Thinlas T, Ahmad S et al.. Platelet-driven monocyte activation promotes hypoxic thromboinflammation through the HIF-1α-NLRP3-EGR-1 axis. Haematologica 2026. link 15 B PL, S V. Privacy-aware deep vein thrombosis segmentation using a multi-model federated learning framework with the federated averaging algorithm. Scientific reports 2026. link 16 Postoll-Downs M, Patel K, Levasseur J, McCann E. IVC syndrome in a patient with Factor V Leiden mutation. BMJ case reports 2026. link 17 Wang KM, Murphy BE, Hemingway JF. Results of dedicated venous nitinol stents in treating chronic inferior vena cava occlusions. Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders 2026. link 18 Pandey N, Kaur H, Mitra R, Chandaluri L, Shaaban N, Martinez A et al.. Neutrophil CD14 is a driver and a therapeutic target for deep vein thrombosis. Blood advances 2026. link 19 Hansen A, Kementzidis G, Essuman B, Niu Z, Sheriff J, Chernyshenko V et al.. Unraveling the molecular mechanism of in situ surface-initiated thrombogenesis. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 20 Donohue JK, Mosher E, Knapp M, Kabir N, Agrawal N, Handzel R et al.. Tibial vein thrombosis after foam sclerotherapy: A single-institution case series. Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders 2026. link 21 He W, Karmakar A, Antaki JF. Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Endothelium-Modulated Thrombosis. Journal of cardiovascular translational research 2026. link 22 Aarts A, Brandts L, Pavlicic M, Cate HT, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ. Apixaban vs vitamin K antagonists in relation to postthrombotic syndrome: data from a prospective cohort study. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 23 Hassani S, Fazeli A, Dorgalaleh A, Tabibian S, Lomei J, Alipour M et al.. Neutrophil-Mediated Effects on Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Unraveling Their Complex Interaction in Thrombotic Events. Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis 2026. link 24 Branfield S. The interface of hemostasis and inflammation: endothelial-platelet dynamics in thrombosis. Current opinion in hematology 2026. link 25 Altememi MA, Favaloro EJ, Islam MZ, Santhakumar AB. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in thrombosis and hemostasis: a scoping review of clinical and laboratory applications, challenges, and future directions. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 2026. link 26 Shi X, Shi M, Fu J, Lv X, Zhang L, Yuan Q et al.. Structure-activity relationship of a potent anti-FXase and antithrombotic chondroitin sulfate-dermatan sulfate hybrid bearing 2,3-O-sulfated motifs from Anthenoides laevigatus. Carbohydrate polymers 2026. link 27 Liu R, Wang J, Liu S, Bonsu FO, Sun X, Jia F et al.. Biomimetic platelet membrane liposomes enable targeted shikonin delivery for thrombosis therapy. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society 2026. link 28 Bao A, Gong X, Lin S, Gao C, Wang H, Wang D et al.. Efficient Mining for Structurally Diverse Fusicoccane-Type Diterpenoids as Novel Antithrombotic Agents and Their Divergent Mechanisms on Platelet Inhibition. Journal of medicinal chemistry 2026. link 29 Li G, Sun Y, Yin X, Shi Y, Hu B, Huang X et al.. The Effects of Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents on Development of In-Stent Restenosis in the Iliac Vein after Thrombus Removal in a Goat Model. Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR 2026. link 30 Alfar HR, Driehaus ER, Smith AN, Coenen DM, Mahmood DFD, Wood JP et al.. Role of Rubicon in platelets: a promoter of thrombosis but not an autophagy repressor. Blood advances 2026. link 31 Hu D, Huang L, Lu Y, Feng W, Hong X, Chen Z et al.. Comparison of Endovascular Therapy Versus Anticoagulation Alone for the Treatment of Subacute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis in Elderly Patients: Measures of 2-Year Clinical Outcome and Quality of Life. Annals of vascular surgery 2026. link 32 Gui ZS, Wang BY, Li XQ. Influencing Factors and Construction of a Predictive Model for Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis after Total Knee Arthroplasty. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP 2026. link 33 Donnelly D, Kumar R. Pharmacokinetic-Driven Individualized Anticoagulation Plan for Pediatric Athletes on Direct Oral Anticoagulants. Pediatric blood & cancer 2026. link 34 Geng Y, Jiang M, Wu Z, Zhu J, Xu Z, Wang W et al.. A Preliminary Exploration of a New Classification of Deep Vein Thrombosis in the Lower Extremities Based on Venography and Physiological Anatomy. Annals of vascular surgery 2026. link 35 Larsson P, McGovern A, Tarlac V, Setiabakti NM, Parker L, Cody SH et al.. Confining thrombus morphospace through targeted inhibition of platelet mechanosensory signaling. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 36 Budak AB, Günertem OE, Sağlam MS, Alur İ, Saba T. The Effect of Compliance with Elastic Compression Stockings on Severity of Postthrombotic Syndrome after 2 Years in Patients Who Underwent Pharmacomechanical Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis. Annals of vascular surgery 2026. link 37 Silva WRD, Faria CAB, Cavalcanti JFDS, Morais HGF, Farias DM, Cepeda IVB et al.. Multicenter study of oral and maxillofacial thrombi: analysis of 187 cases. Brazilian oral research 2026. link 38 Girardi L, Zarka F, Pradier M, Visintini S, Poletti M, Le Gal G et al.. Diagnostic performance of ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in portal vein thrombosis: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Thrombosis research 2026. link 39 Turner BRH, Jasionowska S, Shea J, Ghosh A, Machin M, Gwozdz AM et al.. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Lytic and Non-lytic Early Thrombus Removal Technologies for Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis. Annals of surgery 2026. link 40 Liao J, Tan Z, Wu Z. Evolving Landscape of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Utilization: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis. Angiology 2026. link 41 Tarafder A, Wang S, Wu Y, Han D, Griffith BP, Wu ZJ. Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation Dynamics over Collagen- and VWF-coated Surfaces: Insights from Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations and Microfluidic Experiments. Bulletin of mathematical biology 2026. link 42 Shi F, Hu Q, Lin Y, Fan S, Cao X, Yang D et al.. Multi-Target Anticoagulant Regulation by Peptides from Medicinal Leeches: A Unique Natural Strategy against Thrombosis. Pharmaceutical research 2026. link 43 Ghatge M, Flora GD, Patel RB, Nayak MK, Kumskova M, Nguyen T et al.. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter regulates calcium dynamics to drive platelet function, bioenergetics, and thrombosis. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 44 Mundt N, Frohnhofen H, Stenmanns C, Schelzig H, Prost M, Lukas A. Thrombosis of the internal jugular vein after CVC placement : Incidence and characteristics in orthopedic, vascular and trauma surgery patients, comparison of geriatric versus nongeriatric patients. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie 2026. link 45 Avila L, Betensky M, Klaassen I, Rajpurkar M, Zia A. Screening, diagnosis, and management of pediatric postthrombotic syndrome following extremity thrombosis. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 46 Ataullakhanov FI, Dashkevich NM, Ovsepyan RA, Vuimo TA, Balandina AN, Kuprash AD et al.. Heparin and Direct Oral Anticoagulants have Different Effects on the Phases of Activation and Spatial Spread of Blood Coagulation. Thrombosis and haemostasis 2026. link 47 Dobbing HC, Webb KL, Ariëns RAS. Novel and experimental anticoagulant strategies beyond current direct oral anticoagulants. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 48 Kalinin DV. Recent advances in factor XII(a) inhibitors: an updated patent landscape (2020-present). Expert opinion on therapeutic patents 2026. link 49 Tian H, Li F, Zhao Y, Teng B, Zeng Q. Early Thrombus Removal Through Peroneal Venous Approach for Treating Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis. Annals of vascular surgery 2026. link 50 Ni Q, Zhao Y, Xue G, Guo X, Wang W, Ye M et al.. Directional Femoral Ultrasound-Guided Compression Technique Using in Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of endovascular therapy : an official journal of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists 2026. link 51 Lee P, Nunes N, Zagales R, Chin B, Nishida C, Hernandez N et al.. Predictors of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Pediatric Trauma Based on Demographic, Injury, and Clinical Characteristics. Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses 2026. link 52 Yilmaz H, Atabas HC, Herdem N, Elcik D, Hasgul A, Tuncay A. Recanalization times in patients with deep vein thrombosis with and without thrombophilia. Phlebology 2026. link 53 Patel KD, Ahmad M, Tan M, Onida S, Davies A. A systematic review evaluating imaging techniques to determine chronicity of deep vein thrombosis. Phlebology 2026. link 54 Zeng H, Xu G, Lin X. Ultrasound activated bowl-like nanomotors release nitric oxide for enhanced thrombus therapy. Nanoscale 2026. link 55 Suzuki N, Suzuki A, Tamura S, Tokumaru S, Notoh H, Takagi A et al.. Antithrombotic Therapy on Antithrombin Resistance in a Mouse Model. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2026. link 56 Aslan JE. Proteomic perspectives on platelet reactivity: towards precision thrombosis research. Current opinion in hematology 2026. link 57 Didaskalou M, Ioannakis G, Kaldoudi E, Drosatos G. Deep Learning Approaches for Thrombosis Detection and Risk Assessment Via Ultrasound Imaging: A Scoping Review. Ultrasound in medicine & biology 2026. link 58 Park JH, Schuchardt BJ, Harris CM. Apixaban-induced anaphylaxis. BMJ case reports 2026. link 59 Fujiki S, Yamashita Y, Morimoto T, Muraoka N, Umetsu M, Nishimoto Y et al.. Impact of Anemia on Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Cancer-Associated Isolated Distal Deep Vein Thrombosis Receiving Edoxaban - Insights From the ONCO DVT Study. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 2026. link 60 ELSenbawy OM, Patel KB, Wannakuwatte RA, Thota AN. Use of generative large language models for patient education on common surgical conditions: a comparative analysis between ChatGPT and Google Gemini. Updates in surgery 2026. link 61 Mou X, Shi J, Zhang W, Ma Q, Wang W, Huang Y et al.. Mimicking Macrophage Immune Mechanism for Infection and Thrombosis Prevention on a Dual-Activity Hybrid Enzyme-Assembled Surface. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) 2026. link 62 Yu Z, Yang T, Cai M, Hu S, Wang D, Shao Y et al.. Early outcome of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy using the AcoStream device in combination with other endovascular therapies for deep vein thrombosis in a lower extremity. Vascular 2026. link 63 Poretto A, Spiezia L, Napolitano A, Simion C, Codognola A, Santamaria G et al.. Long-term incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome in carriers of inherited thrombophilia treated with direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis 2026. link 64 Qin H, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Hu P, Sun Y. Bibliometric analysis of ultrasonographic research on deep vein thrombosis. Phlebology 2026. link 65 Ni Q, Liu Y, Chen J, Guo X, Wang W, Ye M et al.. Outcomes of Profunda Femoris Vein Thrombosis Evaluation and Clearance by Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery 2026. link 66 Zhang W, Tian X, Xu S, Wu B, Jiang T. Supramolecular Prodrug Hydrogel for One-Week Protection Against Thrombosis. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 2026. link 67 Kang Y, Zhang Y, Kang K, Li T, Zhang X, Ji C. Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the risk of preoperative deep vein thrombosis in patients with Pilon fractures: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine 2026. link 68 Nie M, Peng M, Liu Q, Cao Y, Xing C, Wu Z et al.. Risk of Post-thrombotic Syndrome after Iliofemoral Thrombosis Treated by Pharmacomechanical Thrombectomy or Catheter Directed Thrombolysis Alone: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery 2026. link 69 Limper U, Jordan J. Neck-vein thrombosis during spaceflight. British journal of clinical pharmacology 2026. link 70 Fan Z, Wu H, Wang J, Deng X, Bao L, Ye X et al.. A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Investigation into Thrombosis Resistance of Charged Stent Designs. Journal of biomechanical engineering 2026. link 71 Rodoplu O. Clinical outcomes of drug-coated balloon angioplasty for venous in-stent restenosis: A prospective clinical study. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences 2026. link 72 Soudet S, Khider L, Mirault T, Scotté F, Bertoletti L, Sevestre MA. How French vascular physicians treat cancer associated superficial vein thrombosis?. Vascular diseases (Paris, France) 2026. link 73 Cao X, Zhang T, Yi Q, Zhu J, Li G, Lin P et al.. Microstructure-dependent transport properties in blood clots: Roles of fiber volume fraction and orientation on permeability and diffusivity. Acta biomaterialia 2026. link 74 Shen YJ, Nie ZY, Zhang JQ, Xi JQ, Lu MJ, Shen Y et al.. Cyanidin-3-. Food & function 2026. link 75 Iding AFJ, Hupperetz RD, Brans RJB, Ten Cate H, van Twist DJL, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ. Additional oxerutin therapy to promote deep vein thrombus resolution (RESOLVE-DVT): a randomized controlled pilot trial. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 76 Khismatullin RR, Khabirova AI, Saliakhutdinova SM, Litvinov RI, Weisel JW. Shapes and dimensions of blood clots affect the rate and extent of platelet-driven clot contraction and determine the outcomes of thrombosis. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2026. link 77 Yakusheva AA, Megalinskii AD, Bourdon C, Eckly A, Shibeko AM, Ataullakhanov FI et al.. Transient build-up of a mural thrombus promotes intrathrombus coagulation reactions. Biophysical journal 2026. link 78 Kamola P, Luzak B, Przygodzka P, Watala C, Salifu MO, Babinska A et al.. Homophilic Interactions of Platelet F11R/JAM-A with its Surface-Bound Counterpart Facilitate Thrombus Formation. Thrombosis and haemostasis 2026. link 79 Aliyu M, Zhang K, Huang W, Gu J, Xue H, Li Z et al.. Multi-omics analyses reveal novel metabolic signatures of post-traumatic deep vein thrombosis in patients with coronary heart disease. Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society 2026. link 80 Zhang N, Zhang C, Shu Y, Fu M, Li J, Huang C et al.. The Influence of Differences in Surgical Access on the Development of Early Asymptomatic DVT After Inguinal Hernia Surgery. The American surgeon 2026. link 81 Zhuang X, Yang H, Zhou F, Li R, Zhao X, Zou M et al.. Development of selective NBD-based fluorescent probes for in vitro detection of factor XIa and Thrombus imaging. Bioorganic chemistry 2026. link 82 Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Liu X, Chu C, Yu X, Han Q et al.. NAT10-Mediated ac4C-Modification Exacerbates Ferroptosis by Stabilizing HMOX1 in Deep Vein Thrombosis. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2026. link 83 Wang D, Li D, Liu X, Wang S, Fan Y, Lu L et al.. Smart hypoxia-responsive sulfated polysaccharides liposomes for controlled and targeted urokinase delivery in thrombotic therapy. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society 2026. link 84 AlQahtani SY. Portal Vein Thrombosis Due to Concomitant Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: An Underestimated Complication. The American journal of case reports 2026. link 85 Chen X, Ji M, Wu X, Lin X, Zhang K, Pei W et al.. Platelet membrane-camouflaged magnetic nano-formulations for improving acute thrombosis therapy. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 2026. link 86 Black SA, Pouncey AL, Dexter DJ, Abramowitz S, Belsey J, Wigham AJ et al.. Cost Effectiveness of Mechanical Thrombectomy Versus Anticoagulation for Treating Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis in the UK. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery 2026. link 87 Lv C, Li M, Li Q, Xu P, Zheng Y, Wang H et al.. Intelligent Nursing Interventions Guided by the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change for Preventing Deep Vein Thrombosis in Critically Ill Patients. British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) 2026. link 88 Guo P, Du K, Xiao Y, Zhou Z, Wang B, Lou ZK. M1 macrophage-derived exosomal miR-126-5p promotes endothelial cell senescence and deep vein thrombosis by targeting splicing factor SRSF11. International immunopharmacology 2026. link 89 Chen L, Tuo R, Mo Q, Chen C, Feng Y, Su H et al.. The prevalence of FV Hong Kong in patients with thrombotic disorders in South China. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis 2026. link 90 Li H, Wang Y, Wu X, Zhou L, Liu L, Fang Y. Blood Pump Surface Roughness: Hemocompatibility and Machining Optimization. ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) 2026. link 91 Lui B, Wee B, Khattak Z, Lai J, Kwok A, Donarelli C et al.. A 10-year review of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis - are they more dangerous than their distal counterparts?. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis 2026. link 92 Rabelo-Silva ER, Saffi MAL, Hirakata VN, Ferro EB, Lourenço SA, da Silva AIM et al.. External Validation of the Michigan Risk Score for Predicting Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-Related Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Multicenter Study in Brazil. Journal of infusion nursing : the official publication of the Infusion Nurses Society 2026. link 93 Joy S, Venkatachalam K, Binesh A. Emerging Perspectives on Biomarker Panels in Deep Vein Thrombosis: The Combined Roles of D-Dimer, P-Selectin, and Microparticles. Annals of vascular surgery 2026. link 94 Paladugu S, Farrell J, Ajhar A, Weissman C. A rare emergency department diagnosis of May-Thurner syndrome. The American journal of emergency medicine 2026. link 95 Chen C, Ding P, Tao X, Li J, Liu P, Cai Y et al.. Omics-guided discovery and functional profiling of Da-29, a bioactive serine protease from Deinagkistrodon acutus venom, with antithrombotic activity. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2026. link 96 Zhou D, Tong J, Zhang L, Yao Y, Gao Y, Wang YC et al.. Stimulus-responsive AIE nanoassembly for NIR-II imaging-guided cascade photothermal/photodynamic/gas synergistic thrombolysis and vascular healing. Biomaterials 2026. link 97 Wang Y, Liu Z, Li Y, Guo B, Liu Z, Zhang S et al.. Study on the mechanism of Huoxue Jiedu decoction in the intervention of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis. Journal of ethnopharmacology 2026. link 98 Brown CA, Jackson M, Monagle P, Russell S, Wiggins M. Real world experience of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use in Australian children. Thrombosis research 2026. link 99 Örün S, Aydın C, Demirkıran A, Çelik M. Accuracy of point-of-care-ultrasound performed by physicians in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. Vascular 2026. link 100 Li FX, Su P, Li YB, Li HW, Gao HH. Comparative Study of Techniques for Restoring Function in Thrombotically Occluded Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters: An In Vitro Model Study. Journal of infusion nursing : the official publication of the Infusion Nurses Society 2026. link

    Original source

    1. [1]
    2. [2]
    3. [3]
    4. [4]
      The clot cases conference: a proposed model to enhance multidisciplinary thrombosis care.Parks AL, Jenkins SL, Vazquez SR, Swenson E, Lim MY, Moser KA et al. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis (2026)
    5. [5]
      Sanguinarine inhibits deep venous thrombosis by suppressing platelets TLR4 and reducing the release of platelets-derived HMGB1.Shu D, Zhu Y, Yi X, Fan Y, Wu XY, Guo F et al. International immunopharmacology (2026)
    6. [6]
      Application of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction in Thrombus therapy.Huang M, He X, Liu M, Zhang L, Huang R, Tan J et al. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society (2026)
    7. [7]
      Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Standard Therapy in Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: Real-World Evidence.Ruiz-Artacho P, Lecumberri R, Trujillo-Santos J, Beddar Chaib F, Moustafa F, Lorenzo A et al. Thrombosis and haemostasis (2026)
    8. [8]
    9. [9]
    10. [10]
      Proximal lower-limb septic deep vein thrombosis contiguous with salmonella arteritis: a case report.Hamdan R, Paleau A, Leboffe M, Ighilkrim K, Chapalain-Cagnon J, Chrétien N et al. European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology (2026)
    11. [11]
      Asn384Ser Mutation in Protein C is Associated with Multiple-Site Thrombosis in a Young Heterozygous Male.Yuan J, Zhou S, Wu X, Li F, Lai Z, Ding Q et al. Thrombosis and haemostasis (2026)
    12. [12]
      Factor V Leiden Mutation Diagnosed After the Onset of DVT During Pregnancy in a Woman of Half-Japanese, Half-European Descent.Shimizu K, Iwakawa M, Suzuki Y, Murano T Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) (2026)
    13. [13]
      TANK-binding kinase 1 inhibitor GSK8612 suppresses platelet function and thrombosis via the ERK/P38 signaling pathway.Gu C, Wang L, Tian R, Qian H, Wu M, Zhu X et al. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease (2026)
    14. [14]
      Platelet-driven monocyte activation promotes hypoxic thromboinflammation through the HIF-1α-NLRP3-EGR-1 axis.Chanchal S, Singh K, Safdar R, Mohd S, Thinlas T, Ahmad S et al. Haematologica (2026)
    15. [15]
    16. [16]
      IVC syndrome in a patient with Factor V Leiden mutation.Postoll-Downs M, Patel K, Levasseur J, McCann E BMJ case reports (2026)
    17. [17]
      Results of dedicated venous nitinol stents in treating chronic inferior vena cava occlusions.Wang KM, Murphy BE, Hemingway JF Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders (2026)
    18. [18]
      Neutrophil CD14 is a driver and a therapeutic target for deep vein thrombosis.Pandey N, Kaur H, Mitra R, Chandaluri L, Shaaban N, Martinez A et al. Blood advances (2026)
    19. [19]
      Unraveling the molecular mechanism of in situ surface-initiated thrombogenesis.Hansen A, Kementzidis G, Essuman B, Niu Z, Sheriff J, Chernyshenko V et al. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    20. [20]
      Tibial vein thrombosis after foam sclerotherapy: A single-institution case series.Donohue JK, Mosher E, Knapp M, Kabir N, Agrawal N, Handzel R et al. Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders (2026)
    21. [21]
      Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Endothelium-Modulated Thrombosis.He W, Karmakar A, Antaki JF Journal of cardiovascular translational research (2026)
    22. [22]
      Apixaban vs vitamin K antagonists in relation to postthrombotic syndrome: data from a prospective cohort study.Aarts A, Brandts L, Pavlicic M, Cate HT, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    23. [23]
      Neutrophil-Mediated Effects on Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Unraveling Their Complex Interaction in Thrombotic Events.Hassani S, Fazeli A, Dorgalaleh A, Tabibian S, Lomei J, Alipour M et al. Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis (2026)
    24. [24]
    25. [25]
    26. [26]
    27. [27]
      Biomimetic platelet membrane liposomes enable targeted shikonin delivery for thrombosis therapy.Liu R, Wang J, Liu S, Bonsu FO, Sun X, Jia F et al. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society (2026)
    28. [28]
    29. [29]
      The Effects of Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents on Development of In-Stent Restenosis in the Iliac Vein after Thrombus Removal in a Goat Model.Li G, Sun Y, Yin X, Shi Y, Hu B, Huang X et al. Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR (2026)
    30. [30]
      Role of Rubicon in platelets: a promoter of thrombosis but not an autophagy repressor.Alfar HR, Driehaus ER, Smith AN, Coenen DM, Mahmood DFD, Wood JP et al. Blood advances (2026)
    31. [31]
    32. [32]
      Influencing Factors and Construction of a Predictive Model for Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis after Total Knee Arthroplasty.Gui ZS, Wang BY, Li XQ Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP (2026)
    33. [33]
    34. [34]
    35. [35]
      Confining thrombus morphospace through targeted inhibition of platelet mechanosensory signaling.Larsson P, McGovern A, Tarlac V, Setiabakti NM, Parker L, Cody SH et al. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    36. [36]
    37. [37]
      Multicenter study of oral and maxillofacial thrombi: analysis of 187 cases.Silva WRD, Faria CAB, Cavalcanti JFDS, Morais HGF, Farias DM, Cepeda IVB et al. Brazilian oral research (2026)
    38. [38]
    39. [39]
    40. [40]
    41. [41]
    42. [42]
      Multi-Target Anticoagulant Regulation by Peptides from Medicinal Leeches: A Unique Natural Strategy against Thrombosis.Shi F, Hu Q, Lin Y, Fan S, Cao X, Yang D et al. Pharmaceutical research (2026)
    43. [43]
      The mitochondrial calcium uniporter regulates calcium dynamics to drive platelet function, bioenergetics, and thrombosis.Ghatge M, Flora GD, Patel RB, Nayak MK, Kumskova M, Nguyen T et al. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    44. [44]
    45. [45]
      Screening, diagnosis, and management of pediatric postthrombotic syndrome following extremity thrombosis.Avila L, Betensky M, Klaassen I, Rajpurkar M, Zia A Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    46. [46]
      Heparin and Direct Oral Anticoagulants have Different Effects on the Phases of Activation and Spatial Spread of Blood Coagulation.Ataullakhanov FI, Dashkevich NM, Ovsepyan RA, Vuimo TA, Balandina AN, Kuprash AD et al. Thrombosis and haemostasis (2026)
    47. [47]
      Novel and experimental anticoagulant strategies beyond current direct oral anticoagulants.Dobbing HC, Webb KL, Ariëns RAS Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    48. [48]
      Recent advances in factor XII(a) inhibitors: an updated patent landscape (2020-present).Kalinin DV Expert opinion on therapeutic patents (2026)
    49. [49]
      Early Thrombus Removal Through Peroneal Venous Approach for Treating Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis.Tian H, Li F, Zhao Y, Teng B, Zeng Q Annals of vascular surgery (2026)
    50. [50]
      Directional Femoral Ultrasound-Guided Compression Technique Using in Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Ni Q, Zhao Y, Xue G, Guo X, Wang W, Ye M et al. Journal of endovascular therapy : an official journal of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists (2026)
    51. [51]
      Predictors of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Pediatric Trauma Based on Demographic, Injury, and Clinical Characteristics.Lee P, Nunes N, Zagales R, Chin B, Nishida C, Hernandez N et al. Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses (2026)
    52. [52]
      Recanalization times in patients with deep vein thrombosis with and without thrombophilia.Yilmaz H, Atabas HC, Herdem N, Elcik D, Hasgul A, Tuncay A Phlebology (2026)
    53. [53]
      A systematic review evaluating imaging techniques to determine chronicity of deep vein thrombosis.Patel KD, Ahmad M, Tan M, Onida S, Davies A Phlebology (2026)
    54. [54]
    55. [55]
      Antithrombotic Therapy on Antithrombin Resistance in a Mouse Model.Suzuki N, Suzuki A, Tamura S, Tokumaru S, Notoh H, Takagi A et al. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology (2026)
    56. [56]
    57. [57]
      Deep Learning Approaches for Thrombosis Detection and Risk Assessment Via Ultrasound Imaging: A Scoping Review.Didaskalou M, Ioannakis G, Kaldoudi E, Drosatos G Ultrasound in medicine & biology (2026)
    58. [58]
      Apixaban-induced anaphylaxis.Park JH, Schuchardt BJ, Harris CM BMJ case reports (2026)
    59. [59]
      Impact of Anemia on Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Cancer-Associated Isolated Distal Deep Vein Thrombosis Receiving Edoxaban - Insights From the ONCO DVT Study.Fujiki S, Yamashita Y, Morimoto T, Muraoka N, Umetsu M, Nishimoto Y et al. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society (2026)
    60. [60]
    61. [61]
      Mimicking Macrophage Immune Mechanism for Infection and Thrombosis Prevention on a Dual-Activity Hybrid Enzyme-Assembled Surface.Mou X, Shi J, Zhang W, Ma Q, Wang W, Huang Y et al. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) (2026)
    62. [62]
    63. [63]
      Long-term incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome in carriers of inherited thrombophilia treated with direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists.Poretto A, Spiezia L, Napolitano A, Simion C, Codognola A, Santamaria G et al. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis (2026)
    64. [64]
      Bibliometric analysis of ultrasonographic research on deep vein thrombosis.Qin H, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Hu P, Sun Y Phlebology (2026)
    65. [65]
      Outcomes of Profunda Femoris Vein Thrombosis Evaluation and Clearance by Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis.Ni Q, Liu Y, Chen J, Guo X, Wang W, Ye M et al. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (2026)
    66. [66]
      Supramolecular Prodrug Hydrogel for One-Week Protection Against Thrombosis.Zhang W, Tian X, Xu S, Wu B, Jiang T Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) (2026)
    67. [67]
    68. [68]
      Risk of Post-thrombotic Syndrome after Iliofemoral Thrombosis Treated by Pharmacomechanical Thrombectomy or Catheter Directed Thrombolysis Alone: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Nie M, Peng M, Liu Q, Cao Y, Xing C, Wu Z et al. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (2026)
    69. [69]
      Neck-vein thrombosis during spaceflight.Limper U, Jordan J British journal of clinical pharmacology (2026)
    70. [70]
      A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Investigation into Thrombosis Resistance of Charged Stent Designs.Fan Z, Wu H, Wang J, Deng X, Bao L, Ye X et al. Journal of biomechanical engineering (2026)
    71. [71]
    72. [72]
      How French vascular physicians treat cancer associated superficial vein thrombosis?Soudet S, Khider L, Mirault T, Scotté F, Bertoletti L, Sevestre MA Vascular diseases (Paris, France) (2026)
    73. [73]
    74. [74]
      Cyanidin-3-Shen YJ, Nie ZY, Zhang JQ, Xi JQ, Lu MJ, Shen Y et al. Food & function (2026)
    75. [75]
      Additional oxerutin therapy to promote deep vein thrombus resolution (RESOLVE-DVT): a randomized controlled pilot trial.Iding AFJ, Hupperetz RD, Brans RJB, Ten Cate H, van Twist DJL, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    76. [76]
      Shapes and dimensions of blood clots affect the rate and extent of platelet-driven clot contraction and determine the outcomes of thrombosis.Khismatullin RR, Khabirova AI, Saliakhutdinova SM, Litvinov RI, Weisel JW Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2026)
    77. [77]
      Transient build-up of a mural thrombus promotes intrathrombus coagulation reactions.Yakusheva AA, Megalinskii AD, Bourdon C, Eckly A, Shibeko AM, Ataullakhanov FI et al. Biophysical journal (2026)
    78. [78]
      Homophilic Interactions of Platelet F11R/JAM-A with its Surface-Bound Counterpart Facilitate Thrombus Formation.Kamola P, Luzak B, Przygodzka P, Watala C, Salifu MO, Babinska A et al. Thrombosis and haemostasis (2026)
    79. [79]
      Multi-omics analyses reveal novel metabolic signatures of post-traumatic deep vein thrombosis in patients with coronary heart disease.Aliyu M, Zhang K, Huang W, Gu J, Xue H, Li Z et al. Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society (2026)
    80. [80]
      The Influence of Differences in Surgical Access on the Development of Early Asymptomatic DVT After Inguinal Hernia Surgery.Zhang N, Zhang C, Shu Y, Fu M, Li J, Huang C et al. The American surgeon (2026)
    81. [81]
      Development of selective NBD-based fluorescent probes for in vitro detection of factor XIa and Thrombus imaging.Zhuang X, Yang H, Zhou F, Li R, Zhao X, Zou M et al. Bioorganic chemistry (2026)
    82. [82]
      NAT10-Mediated ac4C-Modification Exacerbates Ferroptosis by Stabilizing HMOX1 in Deep Vein Thrombosis.Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Liu X, Chu C, Yu X, Han Q et al. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology (2026)
    83. [83]
      Smart hypoxia-responsive sulfated polysaccharides liposomes for controlled and targeted urokinase delivery in thrombotic therapy.Wang D, Li D, Liu X, Wang S, Fan Y, Lu L et al. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society (2026)
    84. [84]
    85. [85]
      Platelet membrane-camouflaged magnetic nano-formulations for improving acute thrombosis therapy.Chen X, Ji M, Wu X, Lin X, Zhang K, Pei W et al. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces (2026)
    86. [86]
      Cost Effectiveness of Mechanical Thrombectomy Versus Anticoagulation for Treating Iliofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis in the UK.Black SA, Pouncey AL, Dexter DJ, Abramowitz S, Belsey J, Wigham AJ et al. European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (2026)
    87. [87]
      Intelligent Nursing Interventions Guided by the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change for Preventing Deep Vein Thrombosis in Critically Ill Patients.Lv C, Li M, Li Q, Xu P, Zheng Y, Wang H et al. British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) (2026)
    88. [88]
    89. [89]
      The prevalence of FV Hong Kong in patients with thrombotic disorders in South China.Chen L, Tuo R, Mo Q, Chen C, Feng Y, Su H et al. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis (2026)
    90. [90]
      Blood Pump Surface Roughness: Hemocompatibility and Machining Optimization.Li H, Wang Y, Wu X, Zhou L, Liu L, Fang Y ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992) (2026)
    91. [91]
      A 10-year review of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis - are they more dangerous than their distal counterparts?Lui B, Wee B, Khattak Z, Lai J, Kwok A, Donarelli C et al. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis (2026)
    92. [92]
      External Validation of the Michigan Risk Score for Predicting Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-Related Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Multicenter Study in Brazil.Rabelo-Silva ER, Saffi MAL, Hirakata VN, Ferro EB, Lourenço SA, da Silva AIM et al. Journal of infusion nursing : the official publication of the Infusion Nurses Society (2026)
    93. [93]
    94. [94]
      A rare emergency department diagnosis of May-Thurner syndrome.Paladugu S, Farrell J, Ajhar A, Weissman C The American journal of emergency medicine (2026)
    95. [95]
      Omics-guided discovery and functional profiling of Da-29, a bioactive serine protease from Deinagkistrodon acutus venom, with antithrombotic activity.Chen C, Ding P, Tao X, Li J, Liu P, Cai Y et al. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology (2026)
    96. [96]
    97. [97]
    98. [98]
      Real world experience of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use in Australian children.Brown CA, Jackson M, Monagle P, Russell S, Wiggins M Thrombosis research (2026)
    99. [99]
    100. [100]
      Comparative Study of Techniques for Restoring Function in Thrombotically Occluded Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters: An In Vitro Model Study.Li FX, Su P, Li YB, Li HW, Gao HH Journal of infusion nursing : the official publication of the Infusion Nurses Society (2026)

    HemoChat

    by SPINAI

    Evidence-based clinical decision support powered by SNOMED-CT, Neo4j GraphRAG, and NASS/AO/NICE guidelines.

    ⚕ For clinical reference only. Not a substitute for professional judgment.

    © 2026 HemoChat. All rights reserved.
    Research·Pricing·Privacy & Terms·Refund·SNOMED-CT · NASS · AO Spine · NICE · GraphRAG