Overview
Cervical spondylosis, characterized by degenerative changes in the cervical spine, often leads to neck pain, radiculopathy, and myelopathy due to disc degeneration, facet joint issues, and osteophyte formation. 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465Diagnosis
Management
Special Populations
Key Recommendations
References
Showing 100 most recent of 538 indexed papers.
1 Amoretti N, Ranc PA, Amoretti R, Isaac A. Role of Interventional Radiology in Managing High-Level Athletes: Beyond Conventional Infiltration Techniques. Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology 2026. link 2 Alsalek S, Chang RN, Harary M, Florence T, Laiwalla AN, Prentice HA et al.. Reoperation Risks Between Cervical Disc Arthroplasty and Anterior Cervical Discectomy With Fusion: It is Not Always About Adjacent Segment Disease. Spine 2026. link 3 Zheng B, Yu P, Zhu Z, Liang Y, Liu H. Independent predictive value of cervical facet joint degeneration in predicting axial symptoms after cervical laminoplasty. Neurosurgical review 2026. link 4 Scott-Young M, Blumenthal S, Lanman T, Ohnmeiss D, Nielsen D, Riar S et al.. Beyond the two-year trial: real-World failure mechanisms of the simplify cervical disc. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2026. link 5 Albdewi MJ, Joshi RS, Harake ES, Linzey J, Zaki M, Arhewoh R et al.. Characterizing the Incidence and Management of Rotator Cuff Injuries in Patients with Postoperative C5 Palsy Following Cervical Spine Surgery. World neurosurgery 2026. link 6 Torun E, Yuksel Y. The Relationship Between Craniocervical Morphology and the Presence and Level of Cervical Facet Joint Degeneration. Journal of computer assisted tomography 2025. link 7 Kuytu T, Karaoğlu A. Can Bilateral Partial Uncinatectomy Prevent Range of Motion Loss and Adjacent Segment Disease in Patients Treated with Cervical Disc Arthroplasty?. World neurosurgery 2025. link 8 He J, Li Y, Shen Y, Wang X, Yan L, Wu T et al.. Long-term results of cervical disc arthroplasty: a single-center retrospective study with a minimum 10-year follow-up. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2025. link 9 Shen YW, Huang CY, Huang KK, He JB, Wang BY, Ding C et al.. Clinical and biomechanical effects of bone-implant interface gap after cervical disc replacement. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 10 Chen JY, Yang JC, Li RY, Huang ZC, Huang ZP, Wu XH et al.. The Degree of Cervical Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Is Associated With Denser Bone Quality of the Cervical Sub-endplate and Vertebral Body. Orthopaedic surgery 2025. link 11 Guyer RD, Bae H, Coric D, Nunley PD, Musacchio M, Sasso RC et al.. Five-year Follow-up of a Prospective Food and Drug Administration Investigational Device Exemption Trial Evaluating a PEEK-on-Ceramic Cervical Disk Replacement. Spine 2025. link 12 Chen T, Wu X, Li X, Shi J, Zhu Y, Zhou H et al.. A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Efficacy and Complications of Low-Dose rhBMP-2 for Anterior Cervical Diskectomy and Fusion. Neurosurgery 2025. link 13 Zhang Y, Ju J, Wu J. Cervical disc replacement versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using stand-alone cage for degenerative cervical spondylosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials. Neurosurgical review 2025. link 14 Sun B, Gao S, Han S, Huang Z, Wu Y, Li S et al.. Comparative clinical and imaging features of chronic nonspecific neck pain and degenerative cervical spondylosis: A retrospective propensity score-matched analysis. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 2025. link 15 Zhou J, Hu A, Zhou X, Dong J. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with self-locking standalone cage for the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease in patients over 80 years. Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2025. link 16 Gordon AM, Elali FR, Saleh A. Revision Rates After Single-Level Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: An Observational Study With 5-Year Minimum Follow-Up. Spine 2025. link 17 Shin JW, Jin HB, Park Y, Ha JW, Kim HS, Suk KS et al.. Comparing Outcomes between Cage Alone and Plate Fixation in Single-Level Anterior Cervical Fusion: A Retrospective Clinical Series. Clinics in orthopedic surgery 2025. link 18 Liu W, Yuan B, Zhou S, Xu Z, Jia L, Chen X. Mid-term follow-up outcomes of single-level cervical total disc replacement versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the treatment of cervical disc degenerative disease. Journal of neurosurgical sciences 2025. link 19 Wei Y, Hu F, Sun S, Kang X, Xi Z. Feasibility study for evaluating cervical intervertebral disc degeneration using axial diffusion tensor imaging. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 20 Kiraz M, Kina H. Effect of Long-Term Smoking on Cervical Disc Degeneration: A Retrospective Study. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research 2025. link 21 Kazarian GS, Cecere R, Zabat MA, Dekhne MS, Sheha E, Dowdell J et al.. The Impact of Disc Height on Outcomes Following Cervical Disc Replacement: A Systematic Review. Spine 2025. link 22 Ragab AM, Taha MM, Makkia MAM, El-Sheikh MO, Ismail AM. Efficacy and Safety of Hybrid Surgery versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in Multilevel Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World neurosurgery 2025. link 23 Wu B, Xiao B, Rong T, Zhang D, Duan S, Liu B. Impact of cervical kyphosis on segmental motion and symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration: a long-term follow-up data of more than 5 years. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2025. link 24 Keskimölö T, Oura P, Honkanen T, Niinimäki J, Sovelius R, Leino T et al.. Association Between Cumulative G-force Exposure and Cervical Spine Degenerative Changes. Military medicine 2025. link 25 Li P, Lei R, Ding L, Wang Y, Ye Z, Yu D et al.. Long-term Clinical Outcomes and Optimal Treatment Approaches of Degenerative Cervical Spondylosis: A 12-Year Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study. Spine 2025. link 26 Strenge KB, Heller JE, Williams DM, Lemons AC, Shah RV, Nunley PD et al.. Three-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion With or Without an Investigational Posterior Stabilization System Assessed Through 24 Months: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Spine 2025. link 27 Tsuchiya K, Okano I, Guven AE, Verna B, Köhli P, Hambrecht J et al.. Quantitative assessment of cervical disc degeneration using disc signal intensity index. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2025. link 28 Stevanovic Sancar B, Günen Yılmaz S. A retrospective study of the prevalence of calcium deposits around the dens axis via cone beam computed tomography. Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice 2025. link 29 Zhuang J, Mo Y, Deng Z, Liang C, Yin D. Mechanisms and multimodal treatment of neuropathic pain associated with degenerative cervical spondylosis: Current status and progress. Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences 2024. link 30 Wu J, Pan P, Chang Y, Chen F, Yang J, Wu L et al.. The Impact of Cervical Degeneration and Sagittal Balance on Retro-Odontoid Soft-Tissue Thickness. World neurosurgery 2024. link 31 Baumann AN, Fiorentino A, Sidloski K, Hitchman K, Conry KT, Hoffmann JC. Clinical Outcomes and Complication Rates for Noncontiguous Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion, Cervical Disc Arthroplasty, and Hybrid Cervical Surgery: A Systematic Review. World neurosurgery 2024. link 32 Li Q, Long X, Wang R, Pengying N, Cai L, Wang L et al.. Correlation between degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc and degeneration of paravertebral muscle. Frontiers in endocrinology 2024. link 33 Yan S, Xie LY, Duan XX, Tan JX, Yang S, Meng L et al.. Electroacupuncture improves apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells via the IL-22/JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway in a rat model of cervical intervertebral disk degeneration. Acupuncture in medicine : journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society 2024. link 34 Miller AK, Zakko P, Park DK, Chang VW, Schultz L, Springer K et al.. Cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: an analysis of the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative Database. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2024. link 35 Zavras AG, Acosta JR, Holmberg KJ, Semenza NC, Jayamohan HR, Cheng BC et al.. Effect of device constraint: a comparative network meta-analysis of ACDF and cervical disc arthroplasty. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2024. link 36 Patel N, Abdelmalek G, Coban D, Changoor S, Sinha K, Hwang K et al.. Should patient eligibility criteria for cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) be expanded? A retrospective cohort analysis of relatively contraindicated patients undergoing CDA. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2024. link 37 Khachatryan A, Phillips FM, Lanman TH, Andersson GB, Jacobs JJ, Kurtz SM. Proposal for a classification system of radiographic bone changes after cervical disc replacement. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2024. link 38 Zhu Q, Li N, Ding Y, Zhang Z, Jiang W, Jiang T et al.. Incidence of Adjacent Segment Degeneration and Its Associated Risk Factors Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Meta-Analysis. World neurosurgery 2024. link 39 Abdelrady MM, Lam KH, Shabaan N, Hassanien M, Mokbel E, Nada DW et al.. Selective ultrasound-guided nerve root block improves outcomes for discectomy in patients with cervical disc disease: a randomized, controlled, single-blinded study. Minerva anestesiologica 2024. link 40 Blumenthal SL, Griffin C, Courtois EC, Guyer RD, Zigler JE, Shellock JL et al.. Removals and Revisions of Cervical Total Disc Replacement Devices in a Consecutive Series of 1626 Patients Beginning With the First Case Experience in 2003. Spine 2024. link 41 Megafu EC, Megafu MN, Nguyen JT, Du Jour EP, Bronson WH, Lin JD et al.. The Fragility of Statistical Findings in Cervical Disc Arthroplasty: a Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 2024. link 42 Häckel S, Gaff J, Pabbruwe M, Celenza A, Kern M, Taylor P et al.. Heterotopic ossification, osteolysis and implant failure following cervical total disc replacement with the M6-C™ artificial disc. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2024. link 43 Ma Y, Yu X, Li C, Xiong Y, Zhao H, Yang Y et al.. Changes in the centre of rotation and the anterior bone loss of the vertebral body in Mobi-C artificial disc replacement segments after cervical hybrid surgery: a retrospective study. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2024. link 44 Liu W, Jia Q, Pang H, Kang B, Lin J. An exploratory study of cervical disc degeneration model and mechanism of acupuncture therapy in rabbits. Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) 2024. link 45 Chen L, Liu D, Wang M, Huang Y, Chen Z. Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with Zero-Profile Anchored Spacer Versus Plate and Cage for 3-Level Contiguous Cervical Degenerative Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World neurosurgery 2024. link 46 He P, Yang Y, Wang M, Li D, Yuan H, Wang J et al.. Is the disappearance of the cervical flexion-relaxation phenomenon associated with cervical degeneration in healthy people?. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2024. link 47 Caruso JP, Wilson R, Dosselman L, Eakin J, Sundarrajan C, Adenwalla A et al.. Age is Associated with Level of First-Time Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: An Ordinal Analysis of Factors Influencing Timing of Cervical Degeneration. World neurosurgery 2024. link 48 Yan C, Wang H, Abudouaini H, Wu T, Wang B, Liu H. Predictive Value of Cervical Degenerative Quantitative Scoring System on Postoperative Disc Height Loss After Cervical Disc Replacement. Clinical spine surgery 2024. link 49 Yang W, Liu M, Sun Q, Liu L, Wu W, Liu F et al.. Needle-scalpel therapy inhibits the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells via the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in a rat degenerative cervical intervertebral disc model. Aging 2024. link 50 Huang K, Wang Q, Rong X, Wu T, Ding C, Meng Y et al.. Biomechanical Effects on the Prostheses and Vertebrae of Three-Level Hybrid Surgery: A Finite Element Study. Orthopaedic surgery 2024. link 51 Yan K, Shi Z, He D, Liu B, Xiao B, Wang Q et al.. Influence of the deviated center of rotation on facet joint degeneration after cervical disc replacement - an in vivo study with a minimum of 10-year follow-up. BMC surgery 2024. link 52 Li J, Li H, Chen Y, Bei D, Huang B, Gan K et al.. Induction of cervical disc degeneration and discogenic pain by low concentration Propionibacterium acnes infection: an in vivo animal study. Arthritis research & therapy 2024. link 53 Lee JH, Lee JH. The discrepant clinical outcome predictions according to the differentiated centre of rotation shift after multilevel cervical total disc replacement. British journal of neurosurgery 2024. link 54 Liu MY, Tsai CW, Niu CC, Tsai TT, Fu CJ, Luo CA. The footprint mismatch of cervical disc arthroplasty comes from degenerative factor besides ethnic factor. Scientific reports 2024. link 55 Xu H, Liu Z, Yang Y, Miao J, Wang B, Yang C. Biomechanical Comparison of Different Surgical Strategies for Skip-level Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease: A Finite Element Study. Spine 2024. link 56 Wing-Yuk Chan R, Chiang YH, Yang YA, Chen YY, Tsou YS. One-Year Follow-Up Study on Assessing the Range of Segmental Motion and Clinical Outcomes Following Cervical Disc Arthroplasty for Treatment of Severe Cervical Disc Degeneration. World neurosurgery 2024. link 57 Zhou J, Ho A, Ghaffari-Rafi A, Castillo J, Kim K. Headache relief 10 years after cervical disc arthroplasty: multicenter randomized clinical trial post hoc analysis. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2024. link 58 Lakomkin N, Pennington Z, Bhandarkar A, Mikula AL, Michalopoulos GD, Katsos K et al.. Optimal Implant Sizing Using Machine Learning Is Associated With Increased Range of Motion After Cervical Disk Arthroplasty. Neurosurgery 2024. link 59 Liang Y, Qian Y, Xia W, Guo C, Zhu Z, Liu H et al.. Adjacent segment degeneration after single- and double-level cervical total disc replacement: a cohort with an over 12-year follow-up. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2024. link 60 Deng Y, Sheng X, Wang B, Hong Y, Rong X, Ding C et al.. Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty in Patients with Modic Change. Orthopaedic surgery 2024. link 61 Wu Y, Wu J, Qin T, Sun B, Huang Z, Han S et al.. Cervical facet joint degeneration, facet joint angle, and paraspinal muscle degeneration are correlated with degenerative cervical spondylolisthesis at C4/5: a propensity score-matched study. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2024. link 62 Araújo NM, Ochiai AM, Camargo JDCS, Ussame EY, Osava RH, Silva LCFPD. Cervical dilation assessment in simulators compared to a visual tool: A randomized study. Revista latino-americana de enfermagem 2023. link 63 Lee NJ, Lehman RA. Current Evidence for Hybrid Constructs: Simultaneous ACDF/Arthroplasty and Arthroplasty Adjacent to Previous ACDF. Clinical spine surgery 2023. link 64 Liu X, Jin L, Jiang C, Jiang X, Chen Z, Cao Y. Characteristics of cervical intervertebral disc signal intensity: an analysis of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in 5843 asymptomatic Chinese subjects. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2023. link 65 Dewar C, Ravindra VM, Woodle S, Scanlon M, Shields M, Yokoi H et al.. Effect of Fusion and Arthroplasty for Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease in Active Duty Service Members Performed at an Overseas Military Treatment Facility: A 2-Year Retrospective Analysis. Military medicine 2023. link 66 Fransen P, Noriega D, Chatzisotiriou A, Pointillart V. Cervical disc arthroplasty with the Baguera C prosthesis: clinical and radiological results of a 10-year follow-up study. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2023. link 67 Tu TH, Wang CY, Chen YC, Wu JC. Multilevel cervical disc arthroplasty: a review of optimal surgical management and future directions. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2023. link 68 Yang CC, Chen TY, Chen WH, Tzeng CY, Huang CW, Lin RH et al.. Anterior Bone Loss after Cervical Baguera C Disc versus Bryan Disc Arthroplasty. BioMed research international 2023. link 69 Yan K, Shi Z, He D, Liu B, Xiao B, Wang Q et al.. Influence of the deviated center of rotation on the range of motion after cervical disc arthroplasty -an in vivo study with a minimum of 10-year follow-up. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2023. link 70 Ding BTK, Chan ML, Yu CS, Oh JY. Return to Driving Is Safe 6 Weeks After Anterior Cervical Surgery for Symptomatic Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease. Clinical spine surgery 2023. link 71 Federico VP, Zavras AG, Nie JW, Butler AJ, Munim MA, Nolte MT et al.. Does disc distraction after cervical total disc arthroplasty impact range of motion and patient-reported outcomes?. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine 2023. link 72 Kim LJY, Mazur MD, Dailey AT. Mid-term and Long-term Outcomes After Total Cervical Disk Arthroplasty Compared With Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clinical spine surgery 2023. link 73 Nguyen AQ, Credille K, Saifi C. Short-term and Long-term Complications of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty. Clinical spine surgery 2023. link 74 Ko CC, Feng BK, Kuo YH, Kuo CH, Tu TH, Chang CC et al.. Incidence and Risk Factor of Implant Dislocation After Cervical Disk Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis of 756 Patients. Neurosurgery 2023. link 75 Chen X, Xue D, Cui P, Zhao Y, Lu S. Association between periodontitis and disc structural failures in patients with cervical degenerative disorders. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2023. link 76 Satin AM, Rogers-LaVanne MP, Derman PB. Cervical Disk Arthroplasty and Range of Motion at 7 Years: Impact on Adjacent Level Degeneration. Clinical spine surgery 2023. link 77 Ratnasamy PP, Rudisill KE, Maloy GC, Grauer JN. Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Usage Has Leveled Out From 2010 to 2021. Spine 2023. link 78 Ahorukomeye P, Mahajan A, Du JY, Yu CC, Bhandutia AK, Ahn NU. Association Between Hypercholesterolemia and Neck Pain in a Cross-sectional Population-based Study. Spine 2023. link 79 Huang K, Liu H, Wang B, Wu T, Ding C, He J et al.. Cervical disc arthroplasty combined with two-level ACDF for the treatment of contiguous three-level cervical degenerative disc disease: A comparative study. Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 2023. link 80 Huang CW, Tsou HK, Chen WH, Tsai JC, Chung KC, Lin RH et al.. The residual exposed endplate ratio is predictive of posterior heterotopic ossification after cervical Bryan disc arthroplasty. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 2023. link 81 Sun X, Zhang Q, Cao L, Wang J, Huang J, Liu Y et al.. Biomechanical effects of hybrid constructions in the treatment of noncontinuous cervical spondylopathy: a finite element analysis. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2023. link 82 Wan S, Zhang J, Wu C, Lin X, Li J, Wu F et al.. Nucleus high intensity in the T2-weighted MRI is a potential predictor of annulus tear in cervical injured patients: a case comparative study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders 2023. link 83 Lin M, Paul R, Liao X, Doulgeris J, Menzer EL, Dhar UK et al.. A New Method to Evaluate Pressure Distribution Using a 3D-Printed C2-C3 Cervical Spine Model with an Embedded Sensor Array. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2023. link 84 Zhang Y, Ju J, Wu J. Self-locking stand-alone cage versus cage-plate fixation in monosegmental anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with a minimum 2-year follow-up: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2023. link 85 Godlewski B, Bebenek A, Dominiak M, Bochniak M, Cieslik P, Pawelczyk T. Adjacent segment mobility after ACDF considering fusion status at the implant insertion site. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2023. link 86 Byvaltsev VA, Kalinin AA, Aliyev MA, Aglakov BM, Kuharev AV, Azhibekov NO. Treatment of the two-level degenerative cervical disk diseases based on algorithmic anterior approach: a multicenter prospective study. Neurosurgical review 2023. link 87 Nielsen TH, Nanthan KR, Rasmussen MM, Bjarkam CR. Disc prosthesis versus fusion with cage in single level cervical degenerative spine disease - A retrospective case-control patient reported outcome study. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery 2023. link 88 Xiong X, Liu JM, Chen WW, Liu ZH, Zhou RP, Chen JW et al.. Outcomes of different zero-profile spacers in the treatment of two-level cervical degenerative disk disease. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2023. link 89 Abudouaini H, Xu H, Yang J, Yi M, Lin K, Wang S. Comparison of the effectiveness of zero-profile device and plate cage construct in the treatment of one-level cervical disc degenerative disease combined with moderate to severe paraspinal muscle degeneration. Frontiers in endocrinology 2023. link 90 Zhang J, Ruan D, Xuan A, He Q, Zhang C, Xu C et al.. Comparative study of outcomes between allograft intervertebral disc transplantation and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a retrospective cohort study at least 5 years of follow-up. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2023. link 91 Qi M, Xu C, Liu Y, Cao P, Wang X, Chen H et al.. Comparison of clinical outcomes between cervical disc arthroplasty and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the treatment of single-level cervical spondylosis: a 10-year follow-up study. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society 2023. link 92 Muralidharan A, Gong D, Piche JD, Al-Saidi N, Hey HWD, Aleem I. Multilevel Cervical Disk Arthroplasty: Moving Beyond Two Levels. Clinical spine surgery 2023. link 93 Friedman GN, Grannan BL, Zinzuwadia A, Williams ZM, Coumans JV. Congenitally Fused Cervical Spine Is Associated With Adjacent-Level Degeneration in the Absence of Cervical Spine Surgery. Neurosurgery 2023. link 94 He J, Wu T, Ding C, Wang B, Hong Y, Liu H. The fatty infiltration into cervical paraspinal muscle as a predictor of postoperative outcomes: A controlled study based on hybrid surgery. Frontiers in endocrinology 2023. link 95 Núñez JH, Escudero B, Omiste I, Martínez-Peñas J, Surroca M, Alonzo-González F et al.. Outcomes of cervical arthroplasty versus anterior cervical arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials with a minimum follow-up of 7-year. European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie 2023. link 96 He J, Liu Q, Yang Z, Liu H, Wu T, Ding C et al.. Cervical collar use following anterior cervical hybrid surgery: protocol for a prospective randomized, time-controlled trial. Trials 2023. link 97 Zeng Z, Zhu C, Deng Z, Liu L, Song Y. A novel nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide-66 cage for reducing the subsidence rate after single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a comparative study of 7-year follow-up. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2023. link 98 Zabat MA, Elboghdady I, Mottole NA, Mojica E, Maglaras C, Jazrawi LM et al.. Evaluation of Health-related Quality of Life Improvement in Patients Undergoing Cervical Versus Shoulder Surgery. Clinical spine surgery 2023. link 99 Burkhardt BW, Baumann L, Simgen A, Wagenpfeil G, Hendrix P, Reith W et al.. Long-term follow-up MRI shows no hastening of adjacent segment degeneration following cervical disc arthroplasty. Scientific reports 2022. link 100 Toci GR, Canseco JA, Patel PD, Divi SN, Goz V, Shenoy K et al.. The Incidence of Adjacent Segment Pathology After Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Compared with Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. World neurosurgery 2022. link